{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3122927965","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21030835","title":"BiRep: A Reputation Scheme to Mitigate the Effects of Black-Hole Nodes in Delay-Tolerant Internet of Vehicles","display_name":"BiRep: A Reputation Scheme to Mitigate the Effects of Black-Hole Nodes in Delay-Tolerant Internet of Vehicles","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-01-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3122927965","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21030835","mag":"3122927965","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33513736"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s21030835","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21030835","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/3/835/pdf?version=1611736015","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/3/835/pdf?version=1611736015","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050849140","display_name":"Catarina Nabais","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7817-3054"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I121345201","display_name":"Instituto de Engenharia de Sistemas e Computadores Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o e Desenvolvimento","ror":"https://ror.org/04mqy3p58","country_code":"PT","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121345201","https://openalex.org/I4210125590"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141596103","display_name":"University of Lisbon","ror":"https://ror.org/01c27hj86","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141596103"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Catarina Nabais","raw_affiliation_strings":["INESC-ID, Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 1000-029 Lisboa, Portugal"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"INESC-ID, Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 1000-029 Lisboa, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I121345201","https://openalex.org/I141596103"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057922919","display_name":"Paulo Rog\u00e9rio Pereira","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0192-2504"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I121345201","display_name":"Instituto de Engenharia de Sistemas e Computadores Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o e Desenvolvimento","ror":"https://ror.org/04mqy3p58","country_code":"PT","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121345201","https://openalex.org/I4210125590"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141596103","display_name":"University of Lisbon","ror":"https://ror.org/01c27hj86","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141596103"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Paulo Rog\u00e9rio Pereira","raw_affiliation_strings":["INESC-ID/INOV, Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 1000-029 Lisboa, Portugal"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0192-2504","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"INESC-ID/INOV, Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 1000-029 Lisboa, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I121345201","https://openalex.org/I141596103"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071669279","display_name":"Na\u00e9rcio Magaia","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6613-1666"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141596103","display_name":"University of Lisbon","ror":"https://ror.org/01c27hj86","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141596103"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Naercio Magaia","raw_affiliation_strings":["LASIGE, Departamento de Inform\u00e1tica, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias da Universidade de Lisboa, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6613-1666","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"LASIGE, Departamento de Inform\u00e1tica, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias da Universidade de Lisboa, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141596103"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5071669279"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141596103"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":0.4807,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.64808405,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"21","issue":"3","first_page":"835","last_page":"835"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11896","display_name":"Opportunistic and Delay-Tolerant Networks","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11896","display_name":"Opportunistic and Delay-Tolerant Networks","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11478","display_name":"Caching and Content Delivery","score":0.9921000003814697,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10246","display_name":"Mobile Ad Hoc Networks","score":0.9911999702453613,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7946460247039795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.7222033739089966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet","display_name":"The Internet","score":0.6314460635185242},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/delay-tolerant-networking","display_name":"Delay-tolerant networking","score":0.6152036786079407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/latency","display_name":"Latency (audio)","score":0.5763959884643555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reputation","display_name":"Reputation","score":0.534087598323822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/node","display_name":"Node (physics)","score":0.5184309482574463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scheme","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","score":0.49387127161026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/routing-protocol","display_name":"Routing protocol","score":0.4806162714958191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/low-latency","display_name":"Low latency (capital markets)","score":0.44143056869506836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/routing","display_name":"Routing (electronic design automation)","score":0.33654820919036865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.32648468017578125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.2043415606021881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.08326283097267151}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7946460247039795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.7222033739089966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.6314460635185242},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53264328","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55320","display_name":"Delay-tolerant networking","level":5,"score":0.6152036786079407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82876162","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17096504","display_name":"Latency (audio)","level":2,"score":0.5763959884643555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48798503","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q877546","display_name":"Reputation","level":2,"score":0.534087598323822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62611344","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062658","display_name":"Node (physics)","level":2,"score":0.5184309482574463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77618280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1155772","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.49387127161026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104954878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1648707","display_name":"Routing protocol","level":3,"score":0.4806162714958191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46637626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6693015","display_name":"Low latency (capital markets)","level":2,"score":0.44143056869506836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74172769","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1446839","display_name":"Routing (electronic design automation)","level":2,"score":0.33654820919036865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.32648468017578125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.2043415606021881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.08326283097267151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204739117","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1368373","display_name":"Optimized Link State Routing Protocol","level":4,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":8,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s21030835","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21030835","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/3/835/pdf?version=1611736015","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:33513736","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33513736","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:b77b45050a1c4763a2ce156d2d0429a2","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/b77b45050a1c4763a2ce156d2d0429a2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 21, Iss 3, p 835 (2021)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:6772184","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://europepmc.org/pmc/articles/PMC7866179","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:figshare.com:article/23486678","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Birep_a_reputation_scheme_to_mitigate_the_effects_of_black-hole_nodes_in_delay-tolerant_internet_of_vehicles/23486678","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196282","display_name":"Figshare","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210132348","host_organization_name":"Figshare (United Kingdom)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132348"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/21/3/835/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21030835","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors; Volume 21; Issue 3; Pages: 835","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:7866179","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/7866179","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:sro.sussex.ac.uk:103821","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/103821/1/sensors-21-00835.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400129","display_name":"Sussex Research Online (University of Sussex)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I162608824","host_organization_name":"University of Sussex","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162608824"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s21030835","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21030835","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/3/835/pdf?version=1611736015","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.47999998927116394,"display_name":"Partnerships for the goals","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/17"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2441341484","display_name":"Instituto de Engenharia de Sistemas e Computadores, Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o e Desenvolvimento em Lisboa","funder_award_id":"UIDB/50021/2020","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334779","funder_display_name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5240966281","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"UIDB/00408/2020 and UIDP/00408/2020","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334779","funder_display_name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334779","display_name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","ror":"https://ror.org/00snfqn58"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3122927965.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3122927965.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":27,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1488540163","https://openalex.org/W1966182548","https://openalex.org/W2019387839","https://openalex.org/W2027162788","https://openalex.org/W2049963292","https://openalex.org/W2069929443","https://openalex.org/W2070536508","https://openalex.org/W2079731381","https://openalex.org/W2109382821","https://openalex.org/W2112316694","https://openalex.org/W2117220860","https://openalex.org/W2125957038","https://openalex.org/W2142522527","https://openalex.org/W2148959822","https://openalex.org/W2166406195","https://openalex.org/W2333590349","https://openalex.org/W2398796932","https://openalex.org/W2746136479","https://openalex.org/W2799867512","https://openalex.org/W2889593258","https://openalex.org/W2904185948","https://openalex.org/W3006100279","https://openalex.org/W3006802933","https://openalex.org/W3026769443","https://openalex.org/W3129180259","https://openalex.org/W4234068324","https://openalex.org/W4251287712"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3205411230","https://openalex.org/W4286899009","https://openalex.org/W9168048","https://openalex.org/W4300849822","https://openalex.org/W4376480820","https://openalex.org/W2938528237","https://openalex.org/W3155891479","https://openalex.org/W3029351463","https://openalex.org/W2900704462","https://openalex.org/W4308600690"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Delay-tolerant":[0,62],"networking":[1],"(DTN)":[2],"enables":[3],"communication":[4],"in":[5,40,166,181],"disruptive":[6],"scenarios":[7],"where":[8],"issues":[9],"such":[10,84],"as":[11,85,121],"sparse":[12],"and":[13,17,46,51,60,69,115,162],"intermittent":[14],"connectivity,":[15],"long":[16],"variable":[18],"delays,":[19],"high":[20,22],"latency,":[21],"error":[23],"rates,":[24],"or":[25,87,142,185],"no":[26],"end-to-end":[27],"connectivity":[28],"exist.":[29],"Internet":[30],"of":[31,37,56,64,99,196],"Vehicles":[32],"(IoV)":[33],"is":[34,67,103,169],"a":[35,71,97,122,154],"network":[36,126],"the":[38,54,77,172,193],"future":[39],"which":[41],"integration":[42],"between":[43,101],"devices,":[44],"vehicles,":[45],"users":[47],"will":[48],"be":[49,82],"unlimited":[50],"universal,":[52],"overcoming":[53],"heterogeneity":[55],"systems,":[57],"services,":[58],"applications,":[59],"devices.":[61],"internet":[63],"vehicles":[65],"(DT-IoV)":[66],"emerging":[68],"becoming":[70],"popular":[72],"research":[73],"topic":[74],"due":[75],"to":[76,94,105,108,133,146,187],"critical":[78],"applications":[79],"that":[80,160],"can":[81],"realized,":[83],"software":[86],"map":[88],"update":[89],"dissemination.":[90],"For":[91],"an":[92],"IoV":[93],"work":[95],"efficiently,":[96],"degree":[98],"cooperation":[100],"nodes":[102,112,165],"necessary":[104],"deliver":[106],"messages":[107],"their":[109],"destinations.":[110],"However,":[111],"might":[113],"misbehave":[114],"silently":[116],"drop":[117],"messages,":[118],"also":[119],"known":[120],"black-hole":[123,136,164],"attack,":[124],"degrading":[125],"performance.":[127],"Various":[128],"solutions":[129],"have":[130],"been":[131],"proposed":[132],"deal":[134],"with":[135],"nodes,":[137],"but":[138],"most":[139],"are":[140],"centralized":[141],"require":[143],"each":[144],"node":[145],"meet":[147],"every":[148],"other":[149,188],"node.":[150],"This":[151],"paper":[152],"proposes":[153],"decentralized":[155],"reputation":[156,189],"scheme":[157],"called":[158],"BiRep":[159,168],"identifies":[161],"punishes":[163],"DT-IoV.":[167],"tested":[170],"on":[171],"Prophet":[173],"routing":[174],"protocol.":[175],"Simulation":[176],"results":[177],"show":[178],"excellent":[179],"performance":[180],"all":[182],"scenarios,":[183],"comparable":[184],"better":[186],"schemes,":[190],"significantly":[191],"increasing":[192],"delivery":[194],"ratio":[195],"messages.":[197]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}