{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3123256109","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21030695","title":"LoRaWANSim: A Flexible Simulator for LoRaWAN Networks","display_name":"LoRaWANSim: A Flexible Simulator for LoRaWAN Networks","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-01-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3123256109","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21030695","mag":"3123256109","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33498388"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s21030695","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21030695","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/3/695/pdf?version=1611811879","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/3/695/pdf?version=1611811879","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071936910","display_name":"Riccardo Marini","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1559-2603"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9360294","display_name":"University of Bologna","ror":"https://ror.org/01111rn36","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9360294"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Riccardo Marini","raw_affiliation_strings":["Wilab, CNIT and DEI Department, University of Bologna, Viale Risorgimento 2, 40136 Bologna, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1559-2603","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Wilab, CNIT and DEI Department, University of Bologna, Viale Risorgimento 2, 40136 Bologna, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9360294"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091143974","display_name":"Konstantin Mikhaylov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5518-6629"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98381234","display_name":"University of Oulu","ror":"https://ror.org/03yj89h83","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Konstantin Mikhaylov","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Wireless Communications, University of Oulu, Erkki Koiso-Kanttilan katu 3, 90570 Oulu, Finland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5518-6629","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Wireless Communications, University of Oulu, Erkki Koiso-Kanttilan katu 3, 90570 Oulu, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083637183","display_name":"Gianni Pasolini","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2508-6790"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9360294","display_name":"University of Bologna","ror":"https://ror.org/01111rn36","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9360294"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gianni Pasolini","raw_affiliation_strings":["Wilab, CNIT and DEI Department, University of Bologna, Viale Risorgimento 2, 40136 Bologna, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2508-6790","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Wilab, CNIT and DEI Department, University of Bologna, Viale Risorgimento 2, 40136 Bologna, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9360294"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038219448","display_name":"Chiara Buratti","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4802-9585"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9360294","display_name":"University of Bologna","ror":"https://ror.org/01111rn36","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9360294"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Chiara Buratti","raw_affiliation_strings":["Wilab, CNIT and DEI Department, University of Bologna, Viale Risorgimento 2, 40136 Bologna, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4802-9585","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Wilab, CNIT and DEI Department, University of Bologna, Viale Risorgimento 2, 40136 Bologna, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9360294"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5038219448"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9360294"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2673},"apc_paid":{"value":742,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":800},"fwci":4.4222,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":76,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.954592,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"21","issue":"3","first_page":"695","last_page":"695"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12079","display_name":"IoT Networks and Protocols","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12079","display_name":"IoT Networks and Protocols","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12801","display_name":"Bluetooth and Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9871000051498413,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11392","display_name":"Energy Harvesting in Wireless Networks","score":0.9836999773979187,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7251691222190857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flexibility","display_name":"Flexibility (engineering)","score":0.6926974058151245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-architecture-simulator","display_name":"Computer architecture simulator","score":0.6385852694511414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-simulation","display_name":"Network simulation","score":0.5097293257713318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simulation","display_name":"Simulation","score":0.505424976348877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.34741106629371643}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7251691222190857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780598303","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q65921492","display_name":"Flexibility (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.6926974058151245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201203610","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5157524","display_name":"Computer architecture simulator","level":2,"score":0.6385852694511414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139940560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q290036","display_name":"Network simulation","level":2,"score":0.5097293257713318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44154836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45045","display_name":"Simulation","level":1,"score":0.505424976348877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.34741106629371643},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":8,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s21030695","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21030695","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/3/695/pdf?version=1611811879","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:33498388","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33498388","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:cris.unibo.it:11585/795872","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/3/695","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402579","display_name":"Archivio istituzionale della ricerca (Alma Mater Studiorum Universit\u00e0 di Bologna)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210117483","host_organization_name":"Istituto di Ematologia di Bologna","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210117483"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:f296c615eaa745469c569842eed9a17c","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/f296c615eaa745469c569842eed9a17c","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 21, Iss 3, p 695 (2021)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:6770732","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://europepmc.org/pmc/articles/PMC7864028","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/21/3/695/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21030695","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors; Volume 21; Issue 3; Pages: 695","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:oulu.fi:nbnfi-fe2021042111134","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://urn.fi/urn:nbn:fi-fe2021042111134","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400284","display_name":"University of Oulu Repository (University of Oulu)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I98381234","host_organization_name":"University of Oulu","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:7864028","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/7864028","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s21030695","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21030695","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/3/695/pdf?version=1611811879","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.6299999952316284,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4230935547","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"318927","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321108","funder_display_name":"Academy of Finland"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321108","display_name":"Academy of Finland","ror":"https://ror.org/05k73zm37"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3123256109.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3123256109.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2054405892","https://openalex.org/W2134295053","https://openalex.org/W2150847784","https://openalex.org/W2471815506","https://openalex.org/W2525332113","https://openalex.org/W2585179923","https://openalex.org/W2597831797","https://openalex.org/W2740100958","https://openalex.org/W2754549675","https://openalex.org/W2765322180","https://openalex.org/W2792195154","https://openalex.org/W2796363983","https://openalex.org/W2801448029","https://openalex.org/W2821861497","https://openalex.org/W2913565212","https://openalex.org/W2914141889","https://openalex.org/W2946248107","https://openalex.org/W2963059275","https://openalex.org/W2982291198","https://openalex.org/W2982334234","https://openalex.org/W2991027810","https://openalex.org/W3009591188","https://openalex.org/W3048746338","https://openalex.org/W3081995034"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2023567178","https://openalex.org/W1971736586","https://openalex.org/W2349714539","https://openalex.org/W2390120755","https://openalex.org/W240266881","https://openalex.org/W2379498836","https://openalex.org/W2359198977","https://openalex.org/W2060421354","https://openalex.org/W2067685039","https://openalex.org/W2096372802"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Among":[0],"the":[1,20,36,44,50,53,97,118,137,150,163,166,174,181,204,207,209,219],"low":[2],"power":[3],"wide":[4],"area":[5],"network":[6,77,109],"communication":[7,59],"protocols":[8],"for":[9,60,103,122,149],"large":[10],"scale":[11],"Internet":[12],"of":[13,19,57,99,134,139,152,162,173,180,192,206],"Things,":[14],"LoRaWAN":[15,58,89,100,164],"is":[16,156],"considered":[17],"one":[18],"most":[21],"promising,":[22],"owing":[23],"to":[24,95,218],"its":[25,193],"flexibility":[26],"and":[27,48,55,75,108,130,154,184,197],"energy-saving":[28],"capabilities.":[29],"For":[30],"these":[31],"reasons,":[32],"during":[33],"recent":[34],"years,":[35],"scientific":[37],"community":[38],"has":[39,146],"invested":[40],"efforts":[41],"into":[42],"assessing":[43],"fundamental":[45],"performance":[46,56],"limits":[47],"understanding":[49],"trade-offs":[51,199],"between":[52],"parameters":[54],"different":[61,167],"application":[62],"scenarios.":[63],"However,":[64],"this":[65,84],"task":[66],"cannot":[67],"be":[68,212],"effectively":[69],"accomplished":[70],"utilizing":[71],"only":[72],"analytical":[73],"methods,":[74],"precise":[76],"simulators":[78,115],"are":[79,120,127],"needed.":[80],"To":[81],"that":[82],"end,":[83],"paper":[85],"presents":[86],"LoRaWANSim,":[87],"a":[88,132,170,178],"simulator":[90,145,182,210],"implemented":[91],"in":[92,117,201],"MATLAB,":[93],"developed":[94,148],"characterize":[96],"behavior":[98],"networks,":[101],"accounting":[102],"physical,":[104],"medium":[105],"access":[106,217],"control":[107],"aspects.":[110],"In":[111,142],"particular,":[112],"since":[113],"many":[114],"described":[116],"literature":[119],"deployed":[121],"specific":[123],"research":[124,220],"purposes,":[125],"they":[126],"usually":[128],"oversimplified":[129],"hold":[131],"number":[133],"assumptions":[135],"affecting":[136],"accuracy":[138],"their":[140],"results.":[141],"contrast,":[143],"our":[144],"been":[147],"sake":[151],"completeness":[153],"it":[155],"oriented":[157],"towards":[158],"an":[159],"accurate":[160],"representation":[161],"at":[165],"layers.":[168],"After":[169],"detailed":[171],"description":[172],"simulator,":[175],"we":[176,185],"report":[177],"validation":[179],"itself":[183],"then":[186],"conclude":[187],"by":[188],"presenting":[189],"some":[190],"results":[191],"use":[194],"revealing":[195],"notable":[196],"non-intuitive":[198],"present":[200],"LoRaWAN.":[202],"Assuming":[203],"acceptance":[205],"paper,":[208],"will":[211],"made":[213],"available":[214],"via":[215],"open":[216],"community.":[221]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":7}],"updated_date":"2026-07-30T17:31:21.811387","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
