{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3117866035","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21010133","title":"An Effective BERT-Based Pipeline for Twitter Sentiment Analysis: A Case Study in Italian","display_name":"An Effective BERT-Based Pipeline for Twitter Sentiment Analysis: A Case Study in Italian","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-12-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3117866035","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21010133","mag":"3117866035","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33379231"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s21010133","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21010133","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/1/133/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/1/133/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060643104","display_name":"Marco Pota","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6825-6393"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3005160176","display_name":"Institute for High Performance Computing and Networking","ror":"https://ror.org/04r5fge26","country_code":"IT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3005160176","https://openalex.org/I4210155236"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210155236","display_name":"National Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/04zaypm56","country_code":"IT","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210155236"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marco Pota","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for High Performance Computing and Networking (ICAR), National Research Council, 80131 Naples, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6825-6393","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for High Performance Computing and Networking (ICAR), National Research Council, 80131 Naples, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3005160176","https://openalex.org/I4210155236"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006391124","display_name":"Mirko Ventura","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3005160176","display_name":"Institute for High Performance Computing and Networking","ror":"https://ror.org/04r5fge26","country_code":"IT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3005160176","https://openalex.org/I4210155236"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210155236","display_name":"National Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/04zaypm56","country_code":"IT","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210155236"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mirko Ventura","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for High Performance Computing and Networking (ICAR), National Research Council, 80131 Naples, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for High Performance Computing and Networking (ICAR), National Research Council, 80131 Naples, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3005160176","https://openalex.org/I4210155236"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002871627","display_name":"Rosario Catelli","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5598-6477"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3005160176","display_name":"Institute for High Performance Computing and Networking","ror":"https://ror.org/04r5fge26","country_code":"IT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3005160176","https://openalex.org/I4210155236"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210155236","display_name":"National Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/04zaypm56","country_code":"IT","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210155236"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I71267560","display_name":"University of Naples Federico II","ror":"https://ror.org/05290cv24","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I71267560"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Rosario Catelli","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technologies (DIETI), University of Naples Federico II, 80125 Naples, Italy","Institute for High Performance Computing and Networking (ICAR), National Research Council, 80131 Naples, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5598-6477","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technologies (DIETI), University of Naples Federico II, 80125 Naples, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I71267560"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for High Performance Computing and Networking (ICAR), National Research Council, 80131 Naples, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3005160176","https://openalex.org/I4210155236"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086794713","display_name":"Massimo Esposito","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7196-7994"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3005160176","display_name":"Institute for High Performance Computing and Networking","ror":"https://ror.org/04r5fge26","country_code":"IT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3005160176","https://openalex.org/I4210155236"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210155236","display_name":"National Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/04zaypm56","country_code":"IT","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210155236"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Massimo Esposito","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for High Performance Computing and Networking (ICAR), National Research Council, 80131 Naples, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7196-7994","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for High Performance Computing and Networking (ICAR), National Research Council, 80131 Naples, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3005160176","https://openalex.org/I4210155236"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5002871627"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3005160176","https://openalex.org/I4210155236","https://openalex.org/I71267560"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2673},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2673},"fwci":12.327,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":149,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98912647,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"21","issue":"1","first_page":"133","last_page":"133"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10664","display_name":"Sentiment Analysis and Opinion Mining","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10664","display_name":"Sentiment Analysis and Opinion Mining","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13155","display_name":"Digital Communication and Language","score":0.9940000176429749,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9886999726295471,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/jargon","display_name":"Jargon","score":0.8708491325378418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8059167861938477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sentiment-analysis","display_name":"Sentiment analysis","score":0.7954937219619751},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pipeline","display_name":"Pipeline (software)","score":0.7285866737365723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.6452321410179138},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perspective","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","score":0.6291497945785522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/focus","display_name":"Focus (optics)","score":0.5645275712013245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5516822338104248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scratch","display_name":"Scratch","score":0.5155477523803711},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/language-model","display_name":"Language model","score":0.48932451009750366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-media","display_name":"Social media","score":0.47850480675697327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/plain-text","display_name":"Plain text","score":0.4428390860557556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.2611082196235657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.18639472126960754}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777611551","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17951","display_name":"Jargon","level":2,"score":0.8708491325378418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8059167861938477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66402592","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2271421","display_name":"Sentiment analysis","level":2,"score":0.7954937219619751},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43521106","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2165493","display_name":"Pipeline (software)","level":2,"score":0.7285866737365723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.6452321410179138},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12713177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1900281","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","level":2,"score":0.6291497945785522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192209626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190909","display_name":"Focus (optics)","level":2,"score":0.5645275712013245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5516822338104248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781235140","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q275131","display_name":"Scratch","level":2,"score":0.5155477523803711},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137293760","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3621696","display_name":"Language model","level":2,"score":0.48932451009750366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C518677369","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q202833","display_name":"Social media","level":2,"score":0.47850480675697327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46503548","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1145976","display_name":"Plain text","level":3,"score":0.4428390860557556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.2611082196235657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.18639472126960754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148730421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141090","display_name":"Encryption","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007558","descriptor_name":"Italy","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007558","descriptor_name":"Italy","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007558","descriptor_name":"Italy","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007802","descriptor_name":"Language","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007802","descriptor_name":"Language","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007802","descriptor_name":"Language","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D061108","descriptor_name":"Social Media","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D061108","descriptor_name":"Social Media","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D061108","descriptor_name":"Social Media","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":6,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s21010133","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21010133","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/1/133/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:33379231","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33379231","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:193b3b27a80d40df9327a293f14069be","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/193b3b27a80d40df9327a293f14069be","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 21, Iss 1, p 133 (2020)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:6705580","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://europepmc.org/pmc/articles/PMC7796054","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/21/1/133/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21010133","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors; Volume 21; Issue 1; Pages: 133","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:7796054","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/7796054","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s21010133","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21010133","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/1/133/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3117866035.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3117866035.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":102,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1410460","https://openalex.org/W66373487","https://openalex.org/W632150212","https://openalex.org/W1532325895","https://openalex.org/W1563088657","https://openalex.org/W1832693441","https://openalex.org/W2005311637","https://openalex.org/W2059689786","https://openalex.org/W2064675550","https://openalex.org/W2096175520","https://openalex.org/W2096790918","https://openalex.org/W2099813784","https://openalex.org/W2120615054","https://openalex.org/W2122522916","https://openalex.org/W2126581182","https://openalex.org/W2146867136","https://openalex.org/W2148034183","https://openalex.org/W2153579005","https://openalex.org/W2166706824","https://openalex.org/W2182111380","https://openalex.org/W2250539671","https://openalex.org/W2251345040","https://openalex.org/W2251939518","https://openalex.org/W2294756950","https://openalex.org/W2417763662","https://openalex.org/W2462831000","https://openalex.org/W2522597144","https://openalex.org/W2547255185","https://openalex.org/W2554767423","https://openalex.org/W2556605533","https://openalex.org/W2562781711","https://openalex.org/W2572368258","https://openalex.org/W2572971737","https://openalex.org/W2573310807","https://openalex.org/W2574177748","https://openalex.org/W2578900279","https://openalex.org/W2579454606","https://openalex.org/W2584429674","https://openalex.org/W2590061102","https://openalex.org/W2592379743","https://openalex.org/W2593755883","https://openalex.org/W2626778328","https://openalex.org/W2730195390","https://openalex.org/W2737223426","https://openalex.org/W2743481586","https://openalex.org/W2745862583","https://openalex.org/W2750747353","https://openalex.org/W2757789241","https://openalex.org/W2776249353","https://openalex.org/W2792682186","https://openalex.org/W2796384383","https://openalex.org/W2798812533","https://openalex.org/W2808068907","https://openalex.org/W2808079449","https://openalex.org/W2832139998","https://openalex.org/W2884460603","https://openalex.org/W2894932911","https://openalex.org/W2896457183","https://openalex.org/W2897190009","https://openalex.org/W2899985709","https://openalex.org/W2900348157","https://openalex.org/W2903251858","https://openalex.org/W2907113170","https://openalex.org/W2919350184","https://openalex.org/W2940589961","https://openalex.org/W2944636446","https://openalex.org/W2950133940","https://openalex.org/W2952638691","https://openalex.org/W2953590561","https://openalex.org/W2963026768","https://openalex.org/W2963291843","https://openalex.org/W2963341956","https://openalex.org/W2964225211","https://openalex.org/W2964236337","https://openalex.org/W2980708516","https://openalex.org/W2980718707","https://openalex.org/W2987105086","https://openalex.org/W2990188683","https://openalex.org/W2990717381","https://openalex.org/W2993259699","https://openalex.org/W2993843842","https://openalex.org/W3005929844","https://openalex.org/W3027440908","https://openalex.org/W3032073042","https://openalex.org/W3034480528","https://openalex.org/W3038402194","https://openalex.org/W3041089014","https://openalex.org/W3044806259","https://openalex.org/W3089085544","https://openalex.org/W3097370230","https://openalex.org/W3164863197","https://openalex.org/W4213009331","https://openalex.org/W4236122429","https://openalex.org/W4239946314","https://openalex.org/W4249142469","https://openalex.org/W6674489603","https://openalex.org/W6674650171","https://openalex.org/W6729269041","https://openalex.org/W6729894941","https://openalex.org/W6751641804","https://openalex.org/W6763238093","https://openalex.org/W7005101509"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2475116013","https://openalex.org/W3040422808","https://openalex.org/W4317528635","https://openalex.org/W2499956125","https://openalex.org/W2553927761","https://openalex.org/W2501778858","https://openalex.org/W588456849","https://openalex.org/W4388250356","https://openalex.org/W386212341","https://openalex.org/W2117149001"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Over":[0],"the":[1,44,64,88,94,150,153,171,174],"last":[2],"decade":[3],"industrial":[4],"and":[5,69,123,176],"academic":[6],"communities":[7],"have":[8,22],"increased":[9],"their":[10],"focus":[11],"on":[12,32,60,100,112,128],"sentiment":[13,57],"analysis":[14,58],"techniques,":[15],"especially":[16],"applied":[17],"to":[18,41,50,84,155,180],"tweets.":[19],"State-of-the-art":[20],"results":[21,168],"been":[23],"recently":[24],"achieved":[25],"using":[26,93],"language":[27,95],"models":[28,111],"trained":[29],"from":[30,130,184],"scratch":[31],"corpora":[33,136],"made":[34],"up":[35],"exclusively":[36],"of":[37,104,152,173],"tweets,":[38,105],"in":[39,118],"order":[40],"better":[42,144],"handle":[43],"Twitter":[45,56],"jargon.":[46],"This":[47],"work":[48],"aims":[49],"introduce":[51],"a":[52,160,185],"different":[53,85],"approach":[54,154,175],"for":[55,106,193],"based":[59],"two":[61,107],"steps.":[62],"Firstly,":[63],"tweet":[65],"jargon,":[66],"including":[67],"emojis":[68],"emoticons,":[70],"is":[71,157],"transformed":[72],"into":[73],"plain":[74,101,113,134],"text,":[75,102],"exploiting":[76],"procedures":[77],"that":[78],"are":[79,91,115,137],"language-independent":[80],"or":[81],"easily":[82,116],"applicable":[83],"languages.":[86,195],"Secondly,":[87],"resulting":[89],"tweets":[90,129],"classified":[92],"model":[96,125],"BERT,":[97],"but":[98],"pre-trained":[99,110],"instead":[103],"reasons:":[108],"(1)":[109],"text":[114,135],"available":[117,133],"many":[119],"languages,":[120],"avoiding":[121],"resource-":[122],"time-consuming":[124],"training":[126],"directly":[127],"scratch;":[131],"(2)":[132],"larger":[138],"than":[139],"tweet-only":[140],"ones,":[141],"therefore":[142],"allowing":[143],"performance.":[145],"A":[146],"case":[147],"study":[148],"describing":[149],"application":[151],"Italian":[156,164],"presented,":[158],"with":[159,162],"comparison":[161],"other":[163,194],"existing":[165],"solutions.":[166],"The":[167],"obtained":[169],"show":[170],"effectiveness":[172],"indicate":[177],"that,":[178],"thanks":[179],"its":[181],"general":[182],"basis":[183],"methodological":[186],"perspective,":[187],"it":[188],"can":[189],"also":[190],"be":[191],"promising":[192]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":28},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":36},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":41},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":15}],"updated_date":"2026-08-02T14:50:37.381335","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
