{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3114669116","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s20247335","title":"In Vivo Evaluation of a Subcutaneously Injectable Implant with a Low-Power Photoplethysmography ASIC for Animal Monitoring","display_name":"In Vivo Evaluation of a Subcutaneously Injectable Implant with a Low-Power Photoplethysmography ASIC for Animal Monitoring","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-12-21","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3114669116","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s20247335","mag":"3114669116","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33371238"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s20247335","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s20247335","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/20/24/7335/pdf?version=1608537677","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/20/24/7335/pdf?version=1608537677","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008477944","display_name":"Jose Manuel Valero-Sarmiento","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I137902535","display_name":"North Carolina State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04tj63d06","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801313472","display_name":"North Central State College","ror":"https://ror.org/04b6b6f76","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801313472"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jose Manuel Valero-Sarmiento","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, NC State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7911, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, NC State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7911, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137902535","https://openalex.org/I2801313472"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032560338","display_name":"Parvez Ahmmed","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0768-6941"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I137902535","display_name":"North Carolina State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04tj63d06","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801313472","display_name":"North Central State College","ror":"https://ror.org/04b6b6f76","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801313472"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Parvez Ahmmed","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, NC State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7911, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0768-6941","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, NC State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7911, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137902535","https://openalex.org/I2801313472"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024569459","display_name":"Alper Bozkurt","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5538-262X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I137902535","display_name":"North Carolina State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04tj63d06","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801313472","display_name":"North Central State College","ror":"https://ror.org/04b6b6f76","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801313472"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Alper Bozkurt","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, NC State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7911, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5538-262X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, NC State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7911, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137902535","https://openalex.org/I2801313472"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5024569459"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137902535","https://openalex.org/I2801313472"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":0.1707,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.47570555,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"20","issue":"24","first_page":"7335","last_page":"7335"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11196","display_name":"Non-Invasive Vital Sign Monitoring","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11196","display_name":"Non-Invasive Vital Sign Monitoring","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11021","display_name":"ECG Monitoring and Analysis","score":0.9908999800682068,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11667","display_name":"Advanced Chemical Sensor Technologies","score":0.9860000014305115,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/application-specific-integrated-circuit","display_name":"Application-specific integrated circuit","score":0.5268322825431824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microcontroller","display_name":"Microcontroller","score":0.48667699098587036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmitter","display_name":"Transmitter","score":0.4558497667312622},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/photoplethysmogram","display_name":"Photoplethysmogram","score":0.44295015931129456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal-conditioning","display_name":"Signal conditioning","score":0.4164603352546692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/photodiode","display_name":"Photodiode","score":0.41052985191345215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biomedical-engineering","display_name":"Biomedical engineering","score":0.3963467478752136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.37729954719543457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.3582230508327484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.3546534776687622},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.35047197341918945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.34043359756469727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.2849401831626892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.21803849935531616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.1848529875278473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.15254846215248108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optoelectronics","display_name":"Optoelectronics","score":0.14439302682876587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.1323937475681305}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77390884","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q217302","display_name":"Application-specific integrated circuit","level":2,"score":0.5268322825431824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173018170","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q165678","display_name":"Microcontroller","level":2,"score":0.48667699098587036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47798520","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190157","display_name":"Transmitter","level":3,"score":0.4558497667312622},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116390426","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187885","display_name":"Photoplethysmogram","level":3,"score":0.44295015931129456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780412824","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3686420","display_name":"Signal conditioning","level":3,"score":0.4164603352546692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C751236","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175943","display_name":"Photodiode","level":2,"score":0.41052985191345215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136229726","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q327092","display_name":"Biomedical engineering","level":1,"score":0.3963467478752136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.37729954719543457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.3582230508327484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.3546534776687622},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.35047197341918945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.34043359756469727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.2849401831626892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.21803849935531616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.1848529875278473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.15254846215248108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.14439302682876587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.1323937475681305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004867","descriptor_name":"Equipment Design","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004867","descriptor_name":"Equipment Design","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004867","descriptor_name":"Equipment Design","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010865","descriptor_name":"Pilot Projects","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010865","descriptor_name":"Pilot Projects","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010865","descriptor_name":"Pilot Projects","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012815","descriptor_name":"Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012815","descriptor_name":"Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012815","descriptor_name":"Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D013686","descriptor_name":"Telemetry","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013686","descriptor_name":"Telemetry","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013686","descriptor_name":"Telemetry","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017156","descriptor_name":"Photoplethysmography","qualifier_ui":"Q000295","qualifier_name":"instrumentation","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017156","descriptor_name":"Photoplethysmography","qualifier_ui":"Q000295","qualifier_name":"instrumentation","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017156","descriptor_name":"Photoplethysmography","qualifier_ui":"Q000295","qualifier_name":"instrumentation","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017156","descriptor_name":"Photoplethysmography","qualifier_ui":"Q000662","qualifier_name":"veterinary","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017156","descriptor_name":"Photoplethysmography","qualifier_ui":"Q000662","qualifier_name":"veterinary","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017156","descriptor_name":"Photoplethysmography","qualifier_ui":"Q000662","qualifier_name":"veterinary","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019736","descriptor_name":"Prostheses and Implants","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D019736","descriptor_name":"Prostheses and Implants","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D019736","descriptor_name":"Prostheses and Implants","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D051381","descriptor_name":"Rats","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D051381","descriptor_name":"Rats","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D051381","descriptor_name":"Rats","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D059015","descriptor_name":"Wireless Technology","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D059015","descriptor_name":"Wireless Technology","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D059015","descriptor_name":"Wireless Technology","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s20247335","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s20247335","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/20/24/7335/pdf?version=1608537677","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:33371238","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33371238","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:84d180da8e29440e9e59dee403ae731c","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/84d180da8e29440e9e59dee403ae731c","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 20, Iss 24, p 7335 (2020)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/20/24/7335/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20247335","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors; Volume 20; Issue 24; Pages: 7335","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:7766824","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/7766824","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s20247335","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s20247335","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/20/24/7335/pdf?version=1608537677","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.75}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3616684685","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CCSS-1554367","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G544466643","display_name":"NSF Nanosystems Engineering Research Center for Advanced Self-Powered Systems of Integrated Sensors and Technologies (ASSIST)","funder_award_id":"1160483","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5975535199","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EEC-1160483","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3114669116.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3114669116.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1963522855","https://openalex.org/W1971526520","https://openalex.org/W1998763252","https://openalex.org/W2044075566","https://openalex.org/W2074003546","https://openalex.org/W2083872334","https://openalex.org/W2090710454","https://openalex.org/W2102872523","https://openalex.org/W2109125512","https://openalex.org/W2109252375","https://openalex.org/W2117271852","https://openalex.org/W2133481674","https://openalex.org/W2164993323","https://openalex.org/W2170769596","https://openalex.org/W2252533186","https://openalex.org/W2289170447","https://openalex.org/W2323865211","https://openalex.org/W2325103263","https://openalex.org/W2615572889","https://openalex.org/W2770147647","https://openalex.org/W2901998898","https://openalex.org/W3010996629","https://openalex.org/W6668792511"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2732360296","https://openalex.org/W1994871954","https://openalex.org/W4297152434","https://openalex.org/W2072858761","https://openalex.org/W1540261775","https://openalex.org/W4239033438","https://openalex.org/W1968279762","https://openalex.org/W1998904035","https://openalex.org/W2219714908","https://openalex.org/W2059981770"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Photoplethysmography":[0],"is":[1,144,189,258],"an":[2,54,161],"extensively-used,":[3],"portable,":[4],"and":[5,18,47,110,119,131,204,290],"noninvasive":[6],"technique":[7],"for":[8,183,195],"measuring":[9],"vital":[10],"parameters":[11],"such":[12],"as":[13],"heart":[14],"rate,":[15,17],"respiration":[16],"blood":[19],"pressure.":[20],"The":[21,138,186],"deployment":[22],"of":[23,38,45,49,82,87,141,150,164,199,213,219,225,241,254,276,295],"this":[24,269],"technology":[25],"in":[26,35,147,292],"veterinary":[27],"medicine":[28],"has":[29],"been":[30],"hindered":[31],"by":[32,41,62,197],"the":[33,42,50,64,80,85,88,142,145,148,151,177,200,223,226,233,237,242,251,255,261,266,273,277,285,288,291,296],"challenges":[34],"effective":[36],"transmission":[37],"light":[39,75,115],"presented":[40],"thick":[43],"layer":[44],"skin":[46],"fur":[48],"animal.":[51],"We":[52],"propose":[53],"injectable":[55,278],"capsule":[56,89],"system":[57,153,279],"to":[58,67,79,95,176,192,236],"circumvent":[59],"these":[60],"limitations":[61],"accessing":[63],"subcutaneous":[65,297],"tissue":[66],"enable":[68],"reliable":[69],"signal":[70],"acquisition":[71],"even":[72],"with":[73,107,112,160,180,280],"lower":[74],"brightness.":[76],"In":[77,268],"addition":[78],"reduction":[81],"power":[83,239],"usage,":[84],"injection":[86,170],"offers":[90],"a":[91,108,113,125,132,155,172,193,205,216,281,300],"less":[92],"invasive":[93],"alternative":[94],"surgical":[96],"implantation.":[97],"Our":[98,208],"current":[99],"prototype":[100],"combines":[101],"two":[102],"application-specific":[103],"integrated":[104,201],"circuits":[105],"(ASICs)":[106],"microcontroller":[109],"interfaces":[111],"commercial":[114],"emitting":[116],"diode":[117],"(LED)":[118],"photodetector":[120],"pair.":[121],"These":[122],"ASICs":[123,143],"implement":[124],"signal-conditioning":[126],"analog":[127],"front":[128],"end":[129],"circuit":[130],"frequency-shift":[133],"keying":[134],"(FSK)":[135],"transmitter":[136,203],"respectively.":[137],"small":[139],"footprint":[140],"key":[146],"integration":[149],"complete":[152],"inside":[154,265],"40-mm":[156],"long":[157],"glass":[158],"tube":[159],"inner":[162],"diameter":[163],"4":[165],"mm,":[166],"which":[167,257],"enables":[168],"its":[169],"using":[171],"custom":[173],"syringe":[174],"similar":[175],"ones":[178],"used":[179],"microchip":[181],"implants":[182],"animal":[184],"identification.":[185],"recorded":[187],"data":[188],"transferred":[190],"wirelessly":[191],"computer":[194],"post-processing":[196],"means":[198],"FSK":[202],"software-defined":[206],"radio.":[207],"optimized":[209],"LED":[210,227],"duty":[211],"cycle":[212],"0.4%":[214],"at":[215],"sampling":[217],"rate":[218],"200":[220],"Hz":[221],"minimizes":[222],"contribution":[224],"driver":[228],"(only":[229],"0.8":[230],"mW":[231],"including":[232],"front-end":[234],"circuitry)":[235],"total":[238],"consumption":[240],"system.":[243],"This":[244],"will":[245],"allow":[246],"longer":[247],"recording":[248],"periods":[249],"between":[250,287],"charging":[252],"cycles":[253],"batteries,":[256],"critical":[259],"given":[260],"very":[262],"limited":[263],"space":[264],"capsule.":[267],"work,":[270],"we":[271],"demonstrate":[272],"wireless":[274],"operation":[275],"human":[282],"subject":[283],"holding":[284],"sensor":[286],"fingers":[289],"vivo":[293],"functionality":[294],"sensing":[298],"on":[299,304],"pilot":[301],"study":[302],"performed":[303],"anesthetized":[305],"rat":[306],"subjects.":[307]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}