{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3110691813","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s20247306","title":"A Microwave Three-Dimensional Imaging Method Based on Optimal Wave Spectrum Reconstruction","display_name":"A Microwave Three-Dimensional Imaging Method Based on Optimal Wave Spectrum Reconstruction","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-12-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3110691813","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s20247306","mag":"3110691813","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33352661"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s20247306","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s20247306","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/20/24/7306/pdf?version=1608363010","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/20/24/7306/pdf?version=1608363010","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100725798","display_name":"Yan Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5722-879X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17145004","display_name":"Northwestern Polytechnical University","ror":"https://ror.org/01y0j0j86","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yan Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic and Information, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi\u2019an 710072, China","School of Electronic and Information, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5722-879X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic and Information, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi\u2019an 710072, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic and Information, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028317965","display_name":"Baoping Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6404-9354"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17145004","display_name":"Northwestern Polytechnical University","ror":"https://ror.org/01y0j0j86","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Baoping Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Science and Technology on UAV Laboratory, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi\u2019an 710065, China","Science and Technology on UAV Laboratory, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710065, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6404-9354","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Science and Technology on UAV Laboratory, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi\u2019an 710065, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Science and Technology on UAV Laboratory, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710065, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054514297","display_name":"Fang Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7502-9404"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17145004","display_name":"Northwestern Polytechnical University","ror":"https://ror.org/01y0j0j86","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yang Fang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic and Information, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi\u2019an 710072, China","School of Electronic and Information, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7502-9404","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic and Information, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi\u2019an 710072, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic and Information, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091738996","display_name":"Zuxun Song","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6137-0385"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17145004","display_name":"Northwestern Polytechnical University","ror":"https://ror.org/01y0j0j86","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zuxun Song","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic and Information, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi\u2019an 710072, China","School of Electronic and Information, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic and Information, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi\u2019an 710072, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic and Information, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5028317965"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2673},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2673},"fwci":0.0736,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.35928036,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"20","issue":"24","first_page":"7306","last_page":"7306"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11739","display_name":"Microwave Imaging and Scattering Analysis","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11739","display_name":"Microwave Imaging and Scattering Analysis","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10500","display_name":"Sparse and Compressive Sensing Techniques","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11038","display_name":"Advanced SAR Imaging Techniques","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6563582420349121},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/compressed-sensing","display_name":"Compressed sensing","score":0.5672367811203003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sampling","display_name":"Sampling (signal processing)","score":0.5493967533111572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microwave-imaging","display_name":"Microwave imaging","score":0.5031406283378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/iterative-reconstruction","display_name":"Iterative reconstruction","score":0.44863975048065186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fast-fourier-transform","display_name":"Fast Fourier transform","score":0.4125174582004547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.4103332459926605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.39545950293540955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microwave","display_name":"Microwave","score":0.37720972299575806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/filter","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","score":0.24299243092536926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.1902804672718048}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6563582420349121},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124851039","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2665459","display_name":"Compressed sensing","level":2,"score":0.5672367811203003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140779682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210868","display_name":"Sampling (signal processing)","level":3,"score":0.5493967533111572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779885931","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17010029","display_name":"Microwave imaging","level":3,"score":0.5031406283378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141379421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6094427","display_name":"Iterative reconstruction","level":2,"score":0.44863975048065186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75172450","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q623950","display_name":"Fast Fourier transform","level":2,"score":0.4125174582004547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.4103332459926605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.39545950293540955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44838205","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q127995","display_name":"Microwave","level":2,"score":0.37720972299575806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106131492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3072260","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.24299243092536926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.1902804672718048}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s20247306","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s20247306","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/20/24/7306/pdf?version=1608363010","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:33352661","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33352661","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:cee66c7ada4945dd85b4e7d13d884c8e","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/cee66c7ada4945dd85b4e7d13d884c8e","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 20, Iss 24, p 7306 (2020)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/20/24/7306/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20247306","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors; Volume 20; Issue 24; Pages: 7306","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:7766829","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/7766829","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s20247306","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s20247306","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/20/24/7306/pdf?version=1608363010","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5481831367","display_name":"\u57fa\u4e8e\u6563\u5c04\u4e2d\u5fc3\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u9ad8\u5206\u8fa8\u96f7\u8fbe\u6210\u50cf\u53ca\u7279\u5f81\u63d0\u53d6\u6280\u672f\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"61472324","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3110691813.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":35,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1984600520","https://openalex.org/W1985366728","https://openalex.org/W1985483758","https://openalex.org/W1988928682","https://openalex.org/W1990469571","https://openalex.org/W1995799779","https://openalex.org/W2021234877","https://openalex.org/W2065579036","https://openalex.org/W2074873696","https://openalex.org/W2078940259","https://openalex.org/W2091256848","https://openalex.org/W2100705753","https://openalex.org/W2102028410","https://openalex.org/W2106148517","https://openalex.org/W2133665775","https://openalex.org/W2151187453","https://openalex.org/W2155684415","https://openalex.org/W2165757916","https://openalex.org/W2169134861","https://openalex.org/W2296616510","https://openalex.org/W2327126111","https://openalex.org/W2554636857","https://openalex.org/W2581737790","https://openalex.org/W2582815032","https://openalex.org/W2756066446","https://openalex.org/W2765382881","https://openalex.org/W2775230472","https://openalex.org/W2783022729","https://openalex.org/W2794036276","https://openalex.org/W2799282469","https://openalex.org/W2800715788","https://openalex.org/W2919573702","https://openalex.org/W2920459301","https://openalex.org/W2948848026","https://openalex.org/W4250955649"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2158224665","https://openalex.org/W2379589510","https://openalex.org/W4300044672","https://openalex.org/W1881631164","https://openalex.org/W2810730439","https://openalex.org/W1976264255","https://openalex.org/W2358292267","https://openalex.org/W2896778670","https://openalex.org/W2151924555","https://openalex.org/W2288980953"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Limited":[0],"by":[1],"the":[2,6,16,39,44,56,66,93,96,101,105,117,121,125,130,135,144,147,156,169,177,192,195],"Shannon-Nyquist":[3],"sampling":[4,41],"law,":[5],"number":[7],"of":[8,15,34,47,53,95,100,124,134,146,158,194],"antenna":[9],"elements":[10],"and":[11,55,80,162,185],"echo":[12,103],"signal":[13],"data":[14,40],"traditional":[17],"microwave":[18,70,186],"three-dimensional":[19],"(3D)":[20],"imaging":[21,28,57,72,174],"system":[22],"are":[23],"extremely":[24],"high.":[25],"Compressed":[26],"sensing":[27],"methods":[29,49],"based":[30,74],"on":[31,75,92],"sparse":[32],"representation":[33],"target":[35,83,102,126,137,148],"scene":[36],"can":[37],"reduce":[38],"rate,":[42],"but":[43],"dictionary":[45],"matrix":[46],"these":[48],"takes":[50],"a":[51,69,172],"lot":[52],"memory,":[54],"has":[58,155,171],"poor":[59],"quality":[60,175],"for":[61,116,176],"continuously":[62,178],"distributed":[63,179],"targets.":[64],"For":[65],"above":[67],"problems,":[68],"3D":[71],"method":[73,109,154,170],"optimal":[76,122,136],"wave":[77,127,138],"spectrum":[78,139],"reconstruction":[79,114,123],"optimization":[81],"with":[82],"reflectance":[84,149],"gradient":[85,150],"is":[86,140,167],"proposed":[87,153,196],"in":[88,104],"this":[89,108],"paper.":[90],"Based":[91],"analysis":[94],"spatial":[97],"distribution":[98],"characteristics":[99],"frequency":[106],"domain,":[107],"constructs":[110],"an":[111],"orthogonal":[112],"projection":[113],"model":[115],"wavefront":[118],"to":[119,143],"realize":[120],"spectrum.":[128],"Then,":[129],"inverse":[131],"Fourier":[132],"transform":[133],"optimized":[141],"according":[142],"law":[145],"distribution.":[151],"The":[152,181],"advantages":[157],"less":[159,163],"memory":[160],"space":[161],"computation":[164],"time.":[165],"What":[166],"more,":[168],"better":[173],"target.":[180],"computer":[182],"simulation":[183],"experiment":[184,190],"anechoic":[187],"chamber":[188],"measurement":[189],"verify":[191],"effectiveness":[193],"method.":[197]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-22T07:51:19.307946","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
