{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3109288795","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s20236907","title":"Think Aloud Protocol Applied in Naturalistic Driving for Driving Rules Generation","display_name":"Think Aloud Protocol Applied in Naturalistic Driving for Driving Rules Generation","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-12-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3109288795","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s20236907","mag":"3109288795","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33287222"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s20236907","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s20236907","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/20/23/6907/pdf?version=1610086197","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/20/23/6907/pdf?version=1610086197","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088067379","display_name":"Borja Monsalve","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3597-3334"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I904013037","display_name":"Universidad Europea de Madrid","ror":"https://ror.org/04dp46240","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I904013037"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Borja Monsalve","raw_affiliation_strings":["Science, Computing and Technology Department, Universidad Europea de Madrid, 28670 Madrid, Spain"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3597-3334","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Science, Computing and Technology Department, Universidad Europea de Madrid, 28670 Madrid, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I904013037"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041039979","display_name":"Nourdine Aliane","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7739-881X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I904013037","display_name":"Universidad Europea de Madrid","ror":"https://ror.org/04dp46240","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I904013037"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nourdine Aliane","raw_affiliation_strings":["Industrial and Aerospace Engineering Department, Universidad Europea de Madrid, 28670 Madrid, Spain"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7739-881X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Industrial and Aerospace Engineering Department, Universidad Europea de Madrid, 28670 Madrid, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I904013037"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074475841","display_name":"Enrique Puertas","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5115-1226"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I904013037","display_name":"Universidad Europea de Madrid","ror":"https://ror.org/04dp46240","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I904013037"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Enrique Puertas","raw_affiliation_strings":["Science, Computing and Technology Department, Universidad Europea de Madrid, 28670 Madrid, Spain"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5115-1226","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Science, Computing and Technology Department, Universidad Europea de Madrid, 28670 Madrid, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I904013037"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090571756","display_name":"Javier Fern\u00e1ndez Andr\u00e9s","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8230-7011"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I904013037","display_name":"Universidad Europea de Madrid","ror":"https://ror.org/04dp46240","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I904013037"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Javier Fern\u00e1ndez Andr\u00e9s","raw_affiliation_strings":["Industrial and Aerospace Engineering Department, Universidad Europea de Madrid, 28670 Madrid, Spain"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8230-7011","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Industrial and Aerospace Engineering Department, Universidad Europea de Madrid, 28670 Madrid, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I904013037"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5088067379"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I904013037"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":0.2037,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.5628302,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"20","issue":"23","first_page":"6907","last_page":"6907"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11099","display_name":"Autonomous Vehicle Technology and Safety","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11099","display_name":"Autonomous Vehicle Technology and Safety","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10524","display_name":"Traffic control and management","score":0.9962999820709229,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10525","display_name":"Human-Automation Interaction and Safety","score":0.992900013923645,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/protocol","display_name":"Protocol (science)","score":0.6730059385299683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/think-aloud-protocol","display_name":"Think aloud protocol","score":0.6434890031814575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6186918020248413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/protocol-analysis","display_name":"Protocol analysis","score":0.5884556770324707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-deployment","display_name":"Software deployment","score":0.553275465965271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.5282983779907227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/naturalistic-observation","display_name":"Naturalistic observation","score":0.5230587124824524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-collection","display_name":"Data collection","score":0.4659233093261719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/driving-simulator","display_name":"Driving simulator","score":0.46232205629348755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simulation","display_name":"Simulation","score":0.28849706053733826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.12100255489349365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.11339622735977173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-science","display_name":"Cognitive science","score":0.07383474707603455}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780385302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367158","display_name":"Protocol (science)","level":3,"score":0.6730059385299683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78821406","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q391810","display_name":"Think aloud protocol","level":3,"score":0.6434890031814575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6186918020248413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133112747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7251931","display_name":"Protocol analysis","level":2,"score":0.5884556770324707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105339364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2297740","display_name":"Software deployment","level":2,"score":0.553275465965271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.5282983779907227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167699689","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1521337","display_name":"Naturalistic observation","level":2,"score":0.5230587124824524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133462117","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4929239","display_name":"Data collection","level":2,"score":0.4659233093261719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780689630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2081815","display_name":"Driving simulator","level":2,"score":0.46232205629348755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44154836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45045","display_name":"Simulation","level":1,"score":0.28849706053733826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.12100255489349365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.11339622735977173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188147891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q147638","display_name":"Cognitive science","level":1,"score":0.07383474707603455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170130773","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q216378","display_name":"Usability","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204787440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188504","display_name":"Alternative medicine","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":6,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s20236907","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s20236907","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/20/23/6907/pdf?version=1610086197","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:33287222","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33287222","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:abacus.universidadeuropea.es:11268/9576","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11268/9576","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400165","display_name":"ABACUS. Repositorio de Producci\u00f3n Cient\u00edfica (Universidad Europea)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210101845","host_organization_name":"Universidad Europea","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210101845"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:7e61e65563c640a78092ac55136b4471","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/7e61e65563c640a78092ac55136b4471","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 20, Iss 23, p 6907 (2020)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/20/23/6907/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20236907","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors; Volume 20; Issue 23; Pages: 6907","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:7730657","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/7730657","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s20236907","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s20236907","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/20/23/6907/pdf?version=1610086197","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5439341855","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"P2018/EMT-4362","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320313831","funder_display_name":"Comunidad de Madrid"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6669231921","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"PID2019-104793RB-C32","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320315062","funder_display_name":"Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovaci\u00f3n y Universidades"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320313831","display_name":"Comunidad de Madrid","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320315062","display_name":"Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovaci\u00f3n y Universidades","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3109288795.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3109288795.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":37,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W131475864","https://openalex.org/W1983051294","https://openalex.org/W1983628226","https://openalex.org/W1988924058","https://openalex.org/W2015629195","https://openalex.org/W2018219569","https://openalex.org/W2018546036","https://openalex.org/W2053945215","https://openalex.org/W2066404961","https://openalex.org/W2075016831","https://openalex.org/W2084852642","https://openalex.org/W2103894502","https://openalex.org/W2117194148","https://openalex.org/W2127322558","https://openalex.org/W2135293892","https://openalex.org/W2140721422","https://openalex.org/W2154844948","https://openalex.org/W2172244602","https://openalex.org/W2241305110","https://openalex.org/W2333057202","https://openalex.org/W2401341187","https://openalex.org/W2521916281","https://openalex.org/W2559208060","https://openalex.org/W2803886237","https://openalex.org/W2900088601","https://openalex.org/W2911288584","https://openalex.org/W2944845328","https://openalex.org/W2986746828","https://openalex.org/W3019403306","https://openalex.org/W3040884821","https://openalex.org/W3048758174","https://openalex.org/W3090022444","https://openalex.org/W4241543438","https://openalex.org/W4243216998","https://openalex.org/W4245386430","https://openalex.org/W6679794441","https://openalex.org/W7011242067"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4299529040","https://openalex.org/W2188860261","https://openalex.org/W3188118552","https://openalex.org/W1795122992","https://openalex.org/W2016587816","https://openalex.org/W2125259630","https://openalex.org/W2127784610","https://openalex.org/W2201589544","https://openalex.org/W2108120676","https://openalex.org/W2154458275"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Understanding":[0],"naturalistic":[1,89,172],"driving":[2,54,71,90,103,125,155,194],"in":[3,42,87,126,181],"complex":[4],"scenarios":[5],"is":[6,38,78,85,163,187],"an":[7],"important":[8],"step":[9],"towards":[10],"autonomous":[11],"driving,":[12,173],"and":[13,59,66,92,116,143,151,174],"several":[14,136],"approaches":[15],"have":[16],"been":[17],"adopted":[18],"for":[19],"modeling":[20],"driver's":[21],"behaviors.":[22],"This":[23,36],"paper":[24,77,106],"presents":[25,118],"the":[26,60,64,88,95,98,109,112,119,152,182,184],"methodology":[27,37,84,115,123,133,186],"known":[28],"as":[29,51,179],"\"Think":[30],"Aloud":[31],"Protocol\"":[32],"to":[33,47,69,79,93,101,124,171,192],"model":[34],"driving.":[35],"a":[39,188],"data-gathering":[40],"technique":[41],"which":[43,55],"drivers":[44],"are":[45,53,56],"asked":[46],"verbalize":[48],"their":[49],"thoughts":[50],"they":[52],"then":[57,117],"recorded,":[58],"ensuing":[61],"analysis":[62],"of":[63,75,97,111,121,131,135,147,154,160],"audios":[65],"videos":[67],"permits":[68],"derive":[70,102,193],"rules.":[72,104,156,195],"The":[73,105,128,157],"goal":[74],"this":[76,122,132,161],"show":[80],"how":[81],"think":[82,113,165],"aloud":[83,114,166],"applied":[86,170],"area,":[91],"demonstrate":[94],"validity":[96],"proposed":[99],"approach":[100,191],"presents,":[107],"firstly,":[108],"background":[110],"application":[120],"roundabouts.":[127],"general":[129],"deployment":[130],"consists":[134],"stages:":[137],"driver":[138],"preparation,":[139],"data":[140],"collection,":[141],"audio":[142],"video":[144],"processing,":[145],"generation":[146,153],"coded":[148],"transcript":[149],"files,":[150],"main":[158],"finding":[159],"study":[162],"that":[164],"protocol":[167],"can":[168],"be":[169],"even":[175],"some":[176],"potential":[177],"limitations":[178],"discussed":[180],"paper,":[183],"presented":[185],"relatively":[189],"easy":[190]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
