{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3110511009","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s20236856","title":"Multimodal Data Fusion in Learning Analytics: A Systematic Review","display_name":"Multimodal Data Fusion in Learning Analytics: A Systematic Review","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-11-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3110511009","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s20236856","mag":"3110511009","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33266131"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s20236856","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s20236856","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/20/23/6856/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"review","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/20/23/6856/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101451065","display_name":"Su Mu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7885-5725"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I187400657","display_name":"South China Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/01kq0pv72","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I187400657"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Su Mu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Technology in Education, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Technology in Education, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I187400657"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103141049","display_name":"Meng Cui","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2916-4618"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I187400657","display_name":"South China Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/01kq0pv72","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I187400657"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Meng Cui","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Technology in Education, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Technology in Education, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I187400657"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072380374","display_name":"Xiaodi Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6084-1851"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I153230381","display_name":"Charles Sturt University","ror":"https://ror.org/00wfvh315","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I153230381"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaodi Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computing and Mathematics, Charles Sturt University, Albury, NSW 2640, Australia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing and Mathematics, Charles Sturt University, Albury, NSW 2640, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I153230381"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5103141049"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I187400657"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":10.9634,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":122,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98353891,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"20","issue":"23","first_page":"6856","last_page":"6856"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11122","display_name":"Online Learning and Analytics","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11122","display_name":"Online Learning and Analytics","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10636","display_name":"Innovative Teaching and Learning Methods","score":0.988099992275238,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14025","display_name":"Educational Technology and Assessment","score":0.9729999899864197,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6684914827346802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sensor-fusion","display_name":"Sensor fusion","score":0.6585208177566528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.5254368185997009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multimodality","display_name":"Multimodality","score":0.5035893321037292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-type","display_name":"Data type","score":0.48077863454818726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.4743277430534363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-integration","display_name":"Data integration","score":0.46920695900917053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/analytics","display_name":"Analytics","score":0.466123104095459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dimension","display_name":"Dimension (graph theory)","score":0.45616135001182556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multimodal-learning","display_name":"Multimodal learning","score":0.4417656660079956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.43518972396850586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.42994025349617004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-analysis","display_name":"Data analysis","score":0.412563681602478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.3090960383415222},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.09777238965034485}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6684914827346802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33954974","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q486494","display_name":"Sensor fusion","level":2,"score":0.6585208177566528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.5254368185997009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780910867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1952416","display_name":"Multimodality","level":2,"score":0.5035893321037292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138958017","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190087","display_name":"Data type","level":2,"score":0.48077863454818726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.4743277430534363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C72634772","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q386824","display_name":"Data integration","level":2,"score":0.46920695900917053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79158427","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q485396","display_name":"Analytics","level":2,"score":0.466123104095459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33676613","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13415176","display_name":"Dimension (graph theory)","level":2,"score":0.45616135001182556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780660688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25052564","display_name":"Multimodal learning","level":2,"score":0.4417656660079956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.43518972396850586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.42994025349617004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175801342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1988917","display_name":"Data analysis","level":2,"score":0.412563681602478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.3090960383415222},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.09777238965034485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":6,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s20236856","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s20236856","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/20/23/6856/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:33266131","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33266131","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.atira.dk:publications/3a63bdcd-ae65-40e3-9264-6797fae1162e","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://researchoutput.csu.edu.au/en/publications/3a63bdcd-ae65-40e3-9264-6797fae1162e","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407055442","display_name":"Charles Sturt University Research Output (CRO)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Mu, S, Cui, M & Huang, X 2020, 'Multimodal data fusion in learning analytics : A systematic review', Sensors (Switzerland), vol. 20, no. 23, 6856, pp. 1-27. https://doi.org/10.3390/s20236856","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:bdf73755c6a84ed6a9b936562617ebcc","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/bdf73755c6a84ed6a9b936562617ebcc","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 20, Iss 23, p 6856 (2020)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/20/23/6856/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20236856","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors; Volume 20; Issue 23; Pages: 6856","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:7729570","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/7729570","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s20236856","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s20236856","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/20/23/6856/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1618132634","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61907009","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3317480652","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Science","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5994120800","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Natural","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3110511009.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3110511009.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":203,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W367123926","https://openalex.org/W2011549243","https://openalex.org/W2032406331","https://openalex.org/W2078482049","https://openalex.org/W2129938324","https://openalex.org/W2156098321","https://openalex.org/W2337254649","https://openalex.org/W2345031027","https://openalex.org/W2401271214","https://openalex.org/W2509533451","https://openalex.org/W2530938597","https://openalex.org/W2532944219","https://openalex.org/W2565944610","https://openalex.org/W2566142678","https://openalex.org/W2581495402","https://openalex.org/W2582431190","https://openalex.org/W2586387869","https://openalex.org/W2586885782","https://openalex.org/W2587088189","https://openalex.org/W2587227364","https://openalex.org/W2587278637","https://openalex.org/W2587531416","https://openalex.org/W2587972759","https://openalex.org/W2588883461","https://openalex.org/W2591783477","https://openalex.org/W2591818083","https://openalex.org/W2591899174","https://openalex.org/W2592371933","https://openalex.org/W2593345665","https://openalex.org/W2593401995","https://openalex.org/W2594448782","https://openalex.org/W2594627455","https://openalex.org/W2594797171","https://openalex.org/W2594863169","https://openalex.org/W2605083027","https://openalex.org/W2610786808","https://openalex.org/W2610961739","https://openalex.org/W2611782349","https://openalex.org/W2611833381","https://openalex.org/W2614829233","https://openalex.org/W2622850386","https://openalex.org/W2624103253","https://openalex.org/W2643696014","https://openalex.org/W2675877673","https://openalex.org/W2700896614","https://openalex.org/W2725237082","https://openalex.org/W2726118786","https://openalex.org/W2727240661","https://openalex.org/W2728997537","https://openalex.org/W2733116115","https://openalex.org/W2738865715","https://openalex.org/W2743997248","https://openalex.org/W2745122982","https://openalex.org/W2748669378","https://openalex.org/W2751220246","https://openalex.org/W2751651445","https://openalex.org/W2754889145","https://openalex.org/W2755506150","https://openalex.org/W2762223413","https://openalex.org/W2763173474","https://openalex.org/W2763784215","https://openalex.org/W2766626270","https://openalex.org/W2767388699","https://openalex.org/W2767639688","https://openalex.org/W2767781647","https://openalex.org/W2768064153","https://openalex.org/W2768277735","https://openalex.org/W2768894393","https://openalex.org/W2772490252","https://openalex.org/W2774574305","https://openalex.org/W2774925224","https://openalex.org/W2786768213","https://openalex.org/W2791373727","https://openalex.org/W2792695100","https://openalex.org/W2793185901","https://openalex.org/W2793197442","https://openalex.org/W2794409332","https://openalex.org/W2795963335","https://openalex.org/W2797911300","https://openalex.org/W2799749397","https://openalex.org/W2800751464","https://openalex.org/W2801480563","https://openalex.org/W2801637637","https://openalex.org/W2803189955","https://openalex.org/W2803274219","https://openalex.org/W2804270455","https://openalex.org/W2804594800","https://openalex.org/W2807183810","https://openalex.org/W2808947522","https://openalex.org/W2809104799","https://openalex.org/W2809338301","https://openalex.org/W2809666959","https://openalex.org/W2809992516","https://openalex.org/W2810578736","https://openalex.org/W2883968172","https://openalex.org/W2884451679","https://openalex.org/W2884596617","https://openalex.org/W2885073092","https://openalex.org/W2886248163","https://openalex.org/W2886444396","https://openalex.org/W2886735808","https://openalex.org/W2886826956","https://openalex.org/W2887022229","https://openalex.org/W2887521122","https://openalex.org/W2888814257","https://openalex.org/W2888868918","https://openalex.org/W2889156676","https://openalex.org/W2894138281","https://openalex.org/W2894879046","https://openalex.org/W2895130765","https://openalex.org/W2896392036","https://openalex.org/W2898153398","https://openalex.org/W2899145913","https://openalex.org/W2899465746","https://openalex.org/W2900403660","https://openalex.org/W2902867976","https://openalex.org/W2903043579","https://openalex.org/W2910263826","https://openalex.org/W2912601588","https://openalex.org/W2915183303","https://openalex.org/W2916908399","https://openalex.org/W2917259348","https://openalex.org/W2922247102","https://openalex.org/W2933627812","https://openalex.org/W2936713966","https://openalex.org/W2941040799","https://openalex.org/W2941977732","https://openalex.org/W2944608408","https://openalex.org/W2944775932","https://openalex.org/W2948001427","https://openalex.org/W2949135277","https://openalex.org/W2949343574","https://openalex.org/W2949840189","https://openalex.org/W2949971681","https://openalex.org/W2953157000","https://openalex.org/W2953334871","https://openalex.org/W2957218419","https://openalex.org/W2962139217","https://openalex.org/W2962893562","https://openalex.org/W2963403519","https://openalex.org/W2963620021","https://openalex.org/W2963648383","https://openalex.org/W2963962355","https://openalex.org/W2964871589","https://openalex.org/W2965628304","https://openalex.org/W2967462179","https://openalex.org/W2969461249","https://openalex.org/W2970134064","https://openalex.org/W2970761068","https://openalex.org/W2971628438","https://openalex.org/W2972550508","https://openalex.org/W2972702689","https://openalex.org/W2972761328","https://openalex.org/W2972884751","https://openalex.org/W2972944610","https://openalex.org/W2975092307","https://openalex.org/W2977306830","https://openalex.org/W2979389240","https://openalex.org/W2979423127","https://openalex.org/W2979987124","https://openalex.org/W2980720662","https://openalex.org/W2980967265","https://openalex.org/W2985249404","https://openalex.org/W2988553495","https://openalex.org/W2991473371","https://openalex.org/W2998803175","https://openalex.org/W2999188944","https://openalex.org/W3005644050","https://openalex.org/W3005880937","https://openalex.org/W3006292559","https://openalex.org/W3009974684","https://openalex.org/W3011043904","https://openalex.org/W3011145063","https://openalex.org/W3011651707","https://openalex.org/W3011751567","https://openalex.org/W3011830648","https://openalex.org/W3014121334","https://openalex.org/W3014303321","https://openalex.org/W3016606297","https://openalex.org/W3019996893","https://openalex.org/W3021326357","https://openalex.org/W3021626372","https://openalex.org/W3027479025","https://openalex.org/W3028075588","https://openalex.org/W3029221489","https://openalex.org/W3029417713","https://openalex.org/W3035363852","https://openalex.org/W3080807518","https://openalex.org/W3102135232","https://openalex.org/W3102339831","https://openalex.org/W3135003185","https://openalex.org/W3157680111","https://openalex.org/W3165323448","https://openalex.org/W3165391840","https://openalex.org/W4206347132","https://openalex.org/W4251776108","https://openalex.org/W4294215472","https://openalex.org/W4300842199","https://openalex.org/W4301934563","https://openalex.org/W6732790159","https://openalex.org/W6744494498","https://openalex.org/W6747055188","https://openalex.org/W6750762917"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4205899436","https://openalex.org/W2462138927","https://openalex.org/W3111427900","https://openalex.org/W4302009627","https://openalex.org/W3093803775","https://openalex.org/W4285502407","https://openalex.org/W2563212008","https://openalex.org/W4399869253","https://openalex.org/W2477990774","https://openalex.org/W2765568996"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Multimodal":[0,221],"learning":[1,16,75,96,164,180,194],"analytics":[2],"(MMLA),":[3],"which":[4],"has":[5],"become":[6],"increasingly":[7],"popular,":[8],"can":[9,224],"help":[10],"provide":[11],"an":[12],"accurate":[13],"understanding":[14],"of":[15,93,112,230,233,237],"processes.":[17],"However,":[18],"it":[19],"is":[20,26],"still":[21],"unclear":[22],"how":[23],"multimodal":[24,177,191,217],"data":[25,73,78,94,114,127,145,178,192,200,205,222],"integrated":[27],"into":[28,150],"MMLA.":[29,118,135],"By":[30],"following":[31,88],"the":[32,53,87,110,113,123,130,197,228],"Preferred":[33],"Reporting":[34],"Items":[35],"for":[36,66,199],"Systematic":[37],"Reviews":[38],"and":[39,77,95,106,129,159,171,179,185,193,213,219,235],"Meta-Analyses":[40],"(PRISMA)":[41],"guidelines,":[42],"this":[43,58,82,140],"paper":[44],"systematically":[45],"surveys":[46],"346":[47],"articles":[48,69],"on":[49,81],"MMLA":[50,147,209],"published":[51],"during":[52],"past":[54],"three":[55,71],"years.":[56],"For":[57],"purpose,":[59],"we":[60,84,120],"first":[61],"present":[62],"a":[63],"conceptual":[64],"model":[65],"reviewing":[67],"these":[68],"from":[70,139],"dimensions:":[72],"types,":[74],"indicators,":[76,234],"fusion.":[79],"Based":[80],"model,":[83],"then":[85],"answer":[86],"questions:":[89],"1.":[90],"What":[91,108],"types":[92],"indicators":[97,165,181,195],"are":[98,109,142,148,166,182,196,210],"used":[99],"in":[100,117,126,134,146,208],"MMLA,":[101],"together":[102],"with":[103],"their":[104],"relationships;":[105],"2.":[107],"classifications":[111],"fusion":[115,128,206,223],"methods":[116,207],"Finally,":[119],"point":[121],"out":[122],"key":[124,198],"stages":[125],"future":[131],"research":[132],"direction":[133],"Our":[136],"main":[137,204],"findings":[138],"review":[141],"(a)":[143],"The":[144,163,174,187,203],"classified":[149],"digital":[151],"data,":[152,154,156,158,231],"physical":[153],"physiological":[155],"psychometric":[157],"environment":[160],"data;":[161,218],"(b)":[162],"behavior,":[167],"cognition,":[168],"emotion,":[169],"collaboration,":[170],"engagement;":[172],"(c)":[173],"relationships":[175,189],"between":[176,190],"one-to-one,":[183],"one-to-any,":[184],"many-to-one.":[186],"complex":[188],"fusion;":[201],"(d)":[202],"many-to-one,":[211],"many-to-many":[212],"multiple":[214],"validations":[215],"among":[216],"(e)":[220],"be":[225],"characterized":[226],"by":[227],"multimodality":[229],"multi-dimension":[232],"diversity":[236],"methods.":[238]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":39},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":27},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":21},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":9}],"updated_date":"2026-04-16T08:26:57.006410","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}