{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3108296149","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s20236798","title":"Experimental Validation of an Inductive System for Magnesium Level Detection in a Titanium Reduction Reactor","display_name":"Experimental Validation of an Inductive System for Magnesium Level Detection in a Titanium Reduction Reactor","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-11-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3108296149","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s20236798","mag":"3108296149","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33260703"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s20236798","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s20236798","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/20/23/6798/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/20/23/6798/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002511673","display_name":"Nico Krauter","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5682-2933"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801798921","display_name":"Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf","ror":"https://ror.org/01zy2cs03","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1305996414","https://openalex.org/I2801798921"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Nico Krauter","raw_affiliation_strings":["Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstr. 400, D-01328 Dresden, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstr. 400, D-01328 Dresden, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801798921"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043563723","display_name":"Sven Eckert","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1639-5417"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801798921","display_name":"Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf","ror":"https://ror.org/01zy2cs03","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1305996414","https://openalex.org/I2801798921"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sven Eckert","raw_affiliation_strings":["Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstr. 400, D-01328 Dresden, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstr. 400, D-01328 Dresden, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801798921"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079129697","display_name":"Thomas Gundrum","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5971-7431"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801798921","display_name":"Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf","ror":"https://ror.org/01zy2cs03","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1305996414","https://openalex.org/I2801798921"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thomas Gundrum","raw_affiliation_strings":["Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstr. 400, D-01328 Dresden, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstr. 400, D-01328 Dresden, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801798921"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010429413","display_name":"Frank Stefani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8770-4080"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801798921","display_name":"Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf","ror":"https://ror.org/01zy2cs03","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1305996414","https://openalex.org/I2801798921"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Frank Stefani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstr. 400, D-01328 Dresden, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstr. 400, D-01328 Dresden, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801798921"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000826475","display_name":"Thomas Wondrak","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6072-3794"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801798921","display_name":"Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf","ror":"https://ror.org/01zy2cs03","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1305996414","https://openalex.org/I2801798921"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thomas Wondrak","raw_affiliation_strings":["Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstr. 400, D-01328 Dresden, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstr. 400, D-01328 Dresden, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801798921"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039011761","display_name":"R. Khalilov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4244-4630"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210148413","display_name":"Institute of Continuous Media Mechanics","ror":"https://ror.org/03ymmms77","country_code":"RU","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1313323035","https://openalex.org/I4210148413","https://openalex.org/I4210164537"]}],"countries":["RU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ruslan Khalilov","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Continuous Media Mechanics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Ural Branch, 614013 Perm, Russia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Continuous Media Mechanics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Ural Branch, 614013 Perm, Russia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210148413"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103221977","display_name":"Ivan K. Dimov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3667-5013"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210148413","display_name":"Institute of Continuous Media Mechanics","ror":"https://ror.org/03ymmms77","country_code":"RU","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1313323035","https://openalex.org/I4210148413","https://openalex.org/I4210164537"]}],"countries":["RU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ivan Dimov","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Continuous Media Mechanics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Ural Branch, 614013 Perm, Russia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Continuous Media Mechanics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Ural Branch, 614013 Perm, Russia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210148413"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082873864","display_name":"Peter Frick","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7156-1583"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210148413","display_name":"Institute of Continuous Media Mechanics","ror":"https://ror.org/03ymmms77","country_code":"RU","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1313323035","https://openalex.org/I4210148413","https://openalex.org/I4210164537"]}],"countries":["RU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peter Frick","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Continuous Media Mechanics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Ural Branch, 614013 Perm, Russia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Continuous Media Mechanics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Ural Branch, 614013 Perm, Russia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210148413"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5002511673"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801798921"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":1540,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":1660},"fwci":0.246,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.5296331,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"20","issue":"23","first_page":"6798","last_page":"6798"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12169","display_name":"Non-Destructive Testing Techniques","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12169","display_name":"Non-Destructive Testing Techniques","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11126","display_name":"Metallurgical Processes and Thermodynamics","score":0.9979000091552734,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10670","display_name":"Aluminum Alloy Microstructure Properties","score":0.9976999759674072,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/titanium","display_name":"Titanium","score":0.8641631603240967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/magnesium","display_name":"Magnesium","score":0.8081921935081482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reduction","display_name":"Reduction (mathematics)","score":0.5428431630134583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.5311599969863892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/experimental-data","display_name":"Experimental data","score":0.43241819739341736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3502134680747986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biological-system","display_name":"Biological system","score":0.34281471371650696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metallurgy","display_name":"Metallurgy","score":0.2239893078804016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.13693898916244507}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C506065880","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q716","display_name":"Titanium","level":2,"score":0.8641631603240967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C543218039","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q660","display_name":"Magnesium","level":2,"score":0.8081921935081482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111335779","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3454686","display_name":"Reduction (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5428431630134583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.5311599969863892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55037315","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5421151","display_name":"Experimental data","level":2,"score":0.43241819739341736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3502134680747986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186060115","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30336093","display_name":"Biological system","level":1,"score":0.34281471371650696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191897082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11467","display_name":"Metallurgy","level":1,"score":0.2239893078804016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.13693898916244507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s20236798","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s20236798","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/20/23/6798/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:33260703","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33260703","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:0840b2431faa4ceaab687c129ff9ab32","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/0840b2431faa4ceaab687c129ff9ab32","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 20, Iss 23, p 6798 (2020)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/20/23/6798/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20236798","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors; Volume 20; Issue 23; Pages: 6798","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:7730803","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/7730803","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s20236798","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s20236798","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/20/23/6798/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2687291734","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"RSF-18-41-06201","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324099","funder_display_name":"Russian Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8732666711","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"18-41-06201","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324099","funder_display_name":"Russian Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324099","display_name":"Russian Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/03y2gwe85"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3108296149.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3108296149.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":21,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1606496866","https://openalex.org/W1997600541","https://openalex.org/W2004477783","https://openalex.org/W2029238380","https://openalex.org/W2042934136","https://openalex.org/W2044475690","https://openalex.org/W2086722400","https://openalex.org/W2094500954","https://openalex.org/W2470159314","https://openalex.org/W2554149353","https://openalex.org/W2590821237","https://openalex.org/W2624331314","https://openalex.org/W2734545637","https://openalex.org/W2735447572","https://openalex.org/W2742760582","https://openalex.org/W2767678660","https://openalex.org/W2804669040","https://openalex.org/W3000165570","https://openalex.org/W4250212144","https://openalex.org/W6636309505","https://openalex.org/W6661771998"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W105207676","https://openalex.org/W250113619","https://openalex.org/W2108305123","https://openalex.org/W1894404507","https://openalex.org/W76098761","https://openalex.org/W2945421794","https://openalex.org/W2769068796","https://openalex.org/W178129761","https://openalex.org/W142449027","https://openalex.org/W2094590210"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"order":[1],"to":[2,20,116,126],"precisely":[3],"determine":[4],"the":[5,28,39,43,49,70,79,96,117],"magnesium":[6,29],"level":[7,30],"in":[8,129],"a":[9,25,62,108],"titanium":[10,44,120],"reduction":[11],"retort":[12],"by":[13,35,104],"inductive":[14],"methods,":[15],"many":[16],"interfering":[17,40],"influences":[18],"have":[19],"be":[21,32,124],"considered.":[22],"By":[23],"using":[24],"look-up-table":[26],"method,":[27],"can":[31,122],"reliably":[33],"identified":[34],"taking":[36],"into":[37],"account":[38],"effects":[41],"of":[42,64,99,119],"sponge":[45],"rings":[46],"forming":[47],"at":[48],"walls":[50],"with":[51],"their":[52],"unknown":[53],"geometrical":[54],"and":[55,67,132],"electrical":[56],"parameters.":[57],"This":[58],"new":[59],"method":[60,92,101,112],"uses":[61],"combination":[63],"numerical":[65],"simulations":[66],"measurements,":[68],"whereby":[69],"simulation":[71],"model":[72,109],"is":[73,102,113],"calibrated":[74],"so":[75],"that":[76,100],"it":[77],"represents":[78],"experimental":[80],"setup":[81],"as":[82,84],"closely":[83],"possible.":[85],"Previously,":[86],"purely":[87],"theoretical":[88],"studies":[89],"on":[90,107],"this":[91],"were":[93],"presented.":[94],"Here,":[95],"practical":[97],"feasibility":[98],"demonstrated":[103],"performing":[105],"measurements":[106],"experiment.":[110],"The":[111],"not":[114],"limited":[115],"production":[118,131],"but":[121],"also":[123],"applied":[125],"other":[127],"applications":[128],"metal":[130],"processing.":[133]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-03-20T23:20:44.827607","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
