{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3109000976","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s20226689","title":"Defect Detection in Aerospace Sandwich Composite Panels Using Conductive Thermography and Contact Sensors","display_name":"Defect Detection in Aerospace Sandwich Composite Panels Using Conductive Thermography and Contact Sensors","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-11-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3109000976","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s20226689","mag":"3109000976","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33238398"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s20226689","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s20226689","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/20/22/6689/pdf?version=1606115773","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"letter","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/20/22/6689/pdf?version=1606115773","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048402486","display_name":"David I. Gillespie","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5067-436X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181647926","display_name":"University of Strathclyde","ror":"https://ror.org/00n3w3b69","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181647926"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"David I. Gillespie","raw_affiliation_strings":["Collins Aerospace, Prestwick, 1 Dow Avenue, Prestwick International Aerospace Park, Ayrshire KA9 2SA, UK","Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Royal College Building, 204 George Street, Glasgow G1 1XW, Scotland, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5067-436X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Collins Aerospace, Prestwick, 1 Dow Avenue, Prestwick International Aerospace Park, Ayrshire KA9 2SA, UK","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Royal College Building, 204 George Street, Glasgow G1 1XW, Scotland, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181647926"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060244703","display_name":"Andrew Hamilton","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8436-8325"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181647926","display_name":"University of Strathclyde","ror":"https://ror.org/00n3w3b69","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181647926"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andrew W. Hamilton","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Manufacturing Institute Scotland, University of Strathclyde, 85 Inchinnan Drive, Renfrewshire PA4 9LJ, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8436-8325","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Manufacturing Institute Scotland, University of Strathclyde, 85 Inchinnan Drive, Renfrewshire PA4 9LJ, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181647926"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005039825","display_name":"Robert Atkinson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6206-2229"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181647926","display_name":"University of Strathclyde","ror":"https://ror.org/00n3w3b69","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181647926"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Robert C. Atkinson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Royal College Building, 204 George Street, Glasgow G1 1XW, Scotland, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6206-2229","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Royal College Building, 204 George Street, Glasgow G1 1XW, Scotland, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181647926"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029196733","display_name":"Xavier Bellekens","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1849-5788"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181647926","display_name":"University of Strathclyde","ror":"https://ror.org/00n3w3b69","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181647926"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xavier Bellekens","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Royal College Building, 204 George Street, Glasgow G1 1XW, Scotland, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1849-5788","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Royal College Building, 204 George Street, Glasgow G1 1XW, Scotland, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181647926"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032031681","display_name":"Craig Michie","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5132-4572"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181647926","display_name":"University of Strathclyde","ror":"https://ror.org/00n3w3b69","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181647926"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Craig Michie","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Royal College Building, 204 George Street, Glasgow G1 1XW, Scotland, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5132-4572","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Royal College Building, 204 George Street, Glasgow G1 1XW, Scotland, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181647926"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001429269","display_name":"Ivan Andonovi\u0107","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9093-5245"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181647926","display_name":"University of Strathclyde","ror":"https://ror.org/00n3w3b69","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181647926"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ivan Andonovic","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Royal College Building, 204 George Street, Glasgow G1 1XW, Scotland, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9093-5245","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Royal College Building, 204 George Street, Glasgow G1 1XW, Scotland, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181647926"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043208465","display_name":"Christos Tachtatzis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9150-6805"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181647926","display_name":"University of Strathclyde","ror":"https://ror.org/00n3w3b69","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181647926"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christos Tachtatzis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Royal College Building, 204 George Street, Glasgow G1 1XW, Scotland, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9150-6805","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Royal College Building, 204 George Street, Glasgow G1 1XW, Scotland, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181647926"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5048402486"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181647926"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":1.0608,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":15,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.72964397,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"20","issue":"22","first_page":"6689","last_page":"6689"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11856","display_name":"Thermography and Photoacoustic Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2211","display_name":"Mechanics of Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11856","display_name":"Thermography and Photoacoustic Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2211","display_name":"Mechanics of Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13928","display_name":"Advanced Sensor Technologies Research","score":0.9918000102043152,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12019","display_name":"Calibration and Measurement Techniques","score":0.9882000088691711,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thermography","display_name":"Thermography","score":0.8136429190635681},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.765541672706604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/composite-material","display_name":"Composite material","score":0.6212548017501831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sandwich-structured-composite","display_name":"Sandwich-structured composite","score":0.5738041400909424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/honeycomb-structure","display_name":"Honeycomb structure","score":0.5583775639533997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-conductor","display_name":"Electrical conductor","score":0.547547459602356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/composite-number","display_name":"Composite number","score":0.5272071957588196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aerospace","display_name":"Aerospace","score":0.5034422278404236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sandwich-panel","display_name":"Sandwich panel","score":0.495522141456604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thermal","display_name":"Thermal","score":0.46206578612327576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nondestructive-testing","display_name":"Nondestructive testing","score":0.44728463888168335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/structural-engineering","display_name":"Structural engineering","score":0.4263969361782074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/structural-health-monitoring","display_name":"Structural health monitoring","score":0.42470812797546387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adhesive","display_name":"Adhesive","score":0.4152616858482361},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.10924211144447327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aerospace-engineering","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","score":0.09288886189460754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.07998183369636536}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779222261","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q624587","display_name":"Thermography","level":3,"score":0.8136429190635681},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.765541672706604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.6212548017501831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C85463006","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q620529","display_name":"Sandwich-structured composite","level":3,"score":0.5738041400909424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171736797","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1934298","display_name":"Honeycomb structure","level":2,"score":0.5583775639533997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202374169","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q124291","display_name":"Electrical conductor","level":2,"score":0.547547459602356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104779481","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50707","display_name":"Composite number","level":2,"score":0.5272071957588196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167740415","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2876213","display_name":"Aerospace","level":2,"score":0.5034422278404236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779833075","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q478496","display_name":"Sandwich panel","level":2,"score":0.495522141456604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204530211","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q752823","display_name":"Thermal","level":2,"score":0.46206578612327576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56529433","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q626700","display_name":"Nondestructive testing","level":2,"score":0.44728463888168335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.4263969361782074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776247918","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423713","display_name":"Structural health monitoring","level":2,"score":0.42470812797546387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68928338","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131790","display_name":"Adhesive","level":3,"score":0.4152616858482361},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.10924211144447327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.09288886189460754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.07998183369636536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779227376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6505497","display_name":"Layer (electronics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126838900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77604","display_name":"Radiology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158355884","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11388","display_name":"Infrared","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":7,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s20226689","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s20226689","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/20/22/6689/pdf?version=1606115773","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:33238398","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33238398","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:strathprints.strath.ac.uk:73730","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402226","display_name":"Strathprints: The University of Strathclyde institutional repository (University of Strathclyde)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I181647926","host_organization_name":"University of Strathclyde","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181647926"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Conference or Workshop Item"},{"id":"pmh:oai:strathprints.strath.ac.uk:74736","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://strathprints.strath.ac.uk/view/author/1062065.html>","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402226","display_name":"Strathprints: The University of Strathclyde institutional repository (University of Strathclyde)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I181647926","host_organization_name":"University of Strathclyde","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181647926"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"PeerReviewed"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:dfb18b8ec7164f8b9202176d163bc521","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/dfb18b8ec7164f8b9202176d163bc521","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 20, Iss 22, p 6689 (2020)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/20/22/6689/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20226689","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors; Volume 20; Issue 22; Pages: 6689","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:7700599","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/7700599","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s20226689","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s20226689","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/20/22/6689/pdf?version=1606115773","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.7699999809265137,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3109000976.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3109000976.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W171109701","https://openalex.org/W1481225177","https://openalex.org/W1965783042","https://openalex.org/W1970360506","https://openalex.org/W1975609723","https://openalex.org/W1992827337","https://openalex.org/W2011910949","https://openalex.org/W2017480228","https://openalex.org/W2024557978","https://openalex.org/W2027629172","https://openalex.org/W2031808533","https://openalex.org/W2085949611","https://openalex.org/W2090653468","https://openalex.org/W2093865226","https://openalex.org/W2685406577","https://openalex.org/W2811197461","https://openalex.org/W2906811652","https://openalex.org/W2974801991","https://openalex.org/W2978559952","https://openalex.org/W2982683132","https://openalex.org/W2999721400","https://openalex.org/W3041470639","https://openalex.org/W4255094473","https://openalex.org/W6753474874"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2410686745","https://openalex.org/W2021292633","https://openalex.org/W4200037771","https://openalex.org/W4381850240","https://openalex.org/W2497720393","https://openalex.org/W4386855054","https://openalex.org/W4297919827","https://openalex.org/W1989914207","https://openalex.org/W2048423208","https://openalex.org/W2077234092"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Sandwich":[0],"panels":[1],"consisting":[2],"of":[3,21,113,124,133,163,170,188,207,214],"two":[4],"Carbon":[5],"Fibre":[6],"Reinforced":[7],"Polymer":[8],"(CFRP)":[9],"outer":[10,45],"skins":[11,46],"and":[12,41,47,56,63,87,111,136,178,203,216],"an":[13,122],"aluminium":[14],"honeycomb":[15,38],"core":[16,50,177],"are":[17,57,80,88,156,181],"a":[18,36,114,144,184],"common":[19],"structure":[20],"surfaces":[22],"on":[23,71,108,117,130,147],"commercial":[24],"aircraft":[25],"due":[26,97],"to":[27,84,98,151,195],"the":[28,44,49,95,109,134,137,148,160,168,171,198,205,209],"beneficial":[29],"strength-weight":[30],"ratio.":[31],"Mechanical":[32],"defects":[33,79,96],"such":[34,153],"as":[35],"crushed":[37,176],"core,":[39],"dis-bonds":[40],"delaminations":[42],"in":[43,48,212],"occur":[51],"routinely":[52],"under":[53],"normal":[54],"use":[55],"repaired":[58],"during":[59,101],"aerospace":[60],"Maintenance,":[61],"Repair":[62],"Overhaul":[64],"(MRO)":[65],"processes.":[66],"Current":[67],"practices":[68],"rely":[69],"heavily":[70],"manual":[72,217],"inspection":[73],"where":[74],"it":[75],"is":[76,193],"possible":[77],"minor":[78],"not":[81],"identified":[82],"prior":[83],"primary":[85],"repair":[86],"only":[89],"addressed":[90],"after":[91],"initial":[92],"repairs":[93],"intensify":[94],"thermal":[99,140,145,164],"expansion":[100],"high":[102],"temperature":[103,127,186],"curing.":[104],"This":[105],"paper":[106],"reports":[107],"development":[110],"characterisation":[112],"technique":[115],"based":[116],"conductive":[118],"thermography":[119],"implemented":[120],"using":[121,183],"array":[123],"single":[125],"point":[126],"sensors":[128],"mounted":[129],"one":[131],"surface":[132,150,169],"panel":[135],"concomitant":[138],"induced":[139],"profile":[141,187],"generated":[142],"by":[143,158],"stimulus":[146],"opposing":[149],"identify":[152],"defects.":[154],"Defects":[155],"classified":[157],"analysing":[159],"differential":[161],"conduction":[162],"energy":[165],"profiles":[166],"across":[167],"panel.":[172],"Results":[173],"indicate":[174],"that":[175],"impact":[179],"damage":[180],"detectable":[182],"stepped":[185],"80":[189],"\u2218C":[190],"The":[191],"method":[192],"amenable":[194],"integration":[196],"within":[197],"existing":[199],"drying":[200],"cycle":[201],"stage":[202],"reduces":[204],"costs":[206],"executing":[208],"overall":[210],"process":[211],"terms":[213],"time-to-repair":[215],"effort.":[218]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
