{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3100065412","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s20226558","title":"Estimating Surgical Blood Loss Volume Using Continuously Monitored Vital Signs","display_name":"Estimating Surgical Blood Loss Volume Using Continuously Monitored Vital Signs","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-11-17","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3100065412","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s20226558","mag":"3100065412","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33212858"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s20226558","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s20226558","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/20/22/6558/pdf?version=1605622934","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/20/22/6558/pdf?version=1605622934","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100350505","display_name":"Yang Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4890-313X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I158809036","display_name":"Shenzhen Institute of Information Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03wrf9427","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I158809036"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204983213","display_name":"Harbin Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01yqg2h08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yang Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronics and Information Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518055, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4890-313X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronics and Information Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518055, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158809036","https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066251950","display_name":"Chengcheng Hong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6080-050X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I158809036","display_name":"Shenzhen Institute of Information Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03wrf9427","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I158809036"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204983213","display_name":"Harbin Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01yqg2h08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chengcheng Hong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronics and Information Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518055, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronics and Information Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518055, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158809036","https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053558278","display_name":"Michael R. Pinsky","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6166-700X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170201317","display_name":"University of Pittsburgh","ror":"https://ror.org/01an3r305","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael R. Pinsky","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6166-700X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063352703","display_name":"Ting Ma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8819-6228"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I158809036","display_name":"Shenzhen Institute of Information Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03wrf9427","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I158809036"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204983213","display_name":"Harbin Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01yqg2h08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ting Ma","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronics and Information Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518055, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronics and Information Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518055, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158809036","https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082272833","display_name":"Gilles Clermont","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0163-1379"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170201317","display_name":"University of Pittsburgh","ror":"https://ror.org/01an3r305","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gilles Clermont","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5063352703"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158809036","https://openalex.org/I204983213"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2673},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2673},"fwci":1.5666,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.83762562,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"20","issue":"22","first_page":"6558","last_page":"6558"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11700","display_name":"Hemodynamic Monitoring and Therapy","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11700","display_name":"Hemodynamic Monitoring and Therapy","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11196","display_name":"Non-Invasive Vital Sign Monitoring","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10745","display_name":"Heart Rate Variability and Autonomic Control","score":0.9789999723434448,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/photoplethysmogram","display_name":"Photoplethysmogram","score":0.853602945804596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hematocrit","display_name":"Hematocrit","score":0.5989283323287964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vital-signs","display_name":"Vital signs","score":0.46582266688346863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blood-pressure","display_name":"Blood pressure","score":0.44361573457717896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blood-volume","display_name":"Blood volume","score":0.41228750348091125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.3671342134475708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.3425911068916321},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.32892298698425293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cardiology","display_name":"Cardiology","score":0.18989503383636475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internal-medicine","display_name":"Internal medicine","score":0.17143866419792175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/surgery","display_name":"Surgery","score":0.15337559580802917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.06028932332992554}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116390426","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187885","display_name":"Photoplethysmogram","level":3,"score":0.853602945804596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780959883","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q111146","display_name":"Hematocrit","level":2,"score":0.5989283323287964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776890885","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1067560","display_name":"Vital signs","level":2,"score":0.46582266688346863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84393581","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82642","display_name":"Blood pressure","level":2,"score":0.44361573457717896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37557685","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1896673","display_name":"Blood volume","level":2,"score":0.41228750348091125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.3671342134475708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.3425911068916321},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.32892298698425293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164705383","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10379","display_name":"Cardiology","level":1,"score":0.18989503383636475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.17143866419792175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141071460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40821","display_name":"Surgery","level":1,"score":0.15337559580802917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.06028932332992554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106131492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3072260","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001794","descriptor_name":"Blood Pressure","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001794","descriptor_name":"Blood Pressure","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001794","descriptor_name":"Blood Pressure","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001795","descriptor_name":"Blood Pressure Determination","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001795","descriptor_name":"Blood Pressure Determination","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001795","descriptor_name":"Blood Pressure Determination","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D013552","descriptor_name":"Swine","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013552","descriptor_name":"Swine","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013552","descriptor_name":"Swine","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015203","descriptor_name":"Reproducibility of Results","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015203","descriptor_name":"Reproducibility of Results","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015203","descriptor_name":"Reproducibility of Results","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016063","descriptor_name":"Blood Loss, Surgical","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016063","descriptor_name":"Blood Loss, Surgical","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016063","descriptor_name":"Blood Loss, Surgical","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D017156","descriptor_name":"Photoplethysmography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D017156","descriptor_name":"Photoplethysmography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D017156","descriptor_name":"Photoplethysmography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D055986","descriptor_name":"Vital Signs","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D055986","descriptor_name":"Vital Signs","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D055986","descriptor_name":"Vital Signs","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s20226558","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s20226558","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/20/22/6558/pdf?version=1605622934","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:33212858","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33212858","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:a589438b0c1b43d296945fdec940ec8f","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/a589438b0c1b43d296945fdec940ec8f","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 20, Iss 22, p 6558 (2020)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/20/22/6558/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20226558","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors; Volume 20; Issue 22; Pages: 6558","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:7698368","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/7698368","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s20226558","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s20226558","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/20/22/6558/pdf?version=1605622934","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G495947434","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2018YFC1312000","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320310174","display_name":"University of Pittsburgh","ror":"https://ror.org/01an3r305"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3100065412.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3100065412.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":28,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1916839894","https://openalex.org/W1960055422","https://openalex.org/W2018078700","https://openalex.org/W2031007195","https://openalex.org/W2031167046","https://openalex.org/W2037325048","https://openalex.org/W2068031140","https://openalex.org/W2075792780","https://openalex.org/W2083872334","https://openalex.org/W2089693048","https://openalex.org/W2092898593","https://openalex.org/W2101234009","https://openalex.org/W2106576725","https://openalex.org/W2117275225","https://openalex.org/W2479044581","https://openalex.org/W2514036270","https://openalex.org/W2603770328","https://openalex.org/W2608498389","https://openalex.org/W2739746135","https://openalex.org/W2765667225","https://openalex.org/W2891054285","https://openalex.org/W2902328989","https://openalex.org/W2911964244","https://openalex.org/W2922473356","https://openalex.org/W2980767007","https://openalex.org/W3016103790","https://openalex.org/W3019435447","https://openalex.org/W3149204147"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2971280753","https://openalex.org/W2954130392","https://openalex.org/W2415582792","https://openalex.org/W1996079749","https://openalex.org/W2001998746","https://openalex.org/W2070940309","https://openalex.org/W4235861412","https://openalex.org/W2020245788","https://openalex.org/W3026220140","https://openalex.org/W3083449732"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Background:":[0],"There":[1],"are":[2,178],"currently":[3],"no":[4],"effective":[5],"and":[6,25,30,45,78,114,124,134,187],"accurate":[7],"blood":[8,48],"loss":[9],"volume":[10],"(BLV)":[11],"estimation":[12,29,38,74,110],"methods":[13],"that":[14,91],"can":[15],"be":[16],"implemented":[17],"in":[18,160,182,196],"operating":[19],"rooms.":[20],"To":[21],"improve":[22],"the":[23,92,102,120,165,197],"accuracy":[24],"reliability":[26],"of":[27,105,122,199],"BLV":[28,73,100,104,109,171],"facilitate":[31],"clinical":[32],"implementation,":[33],"we":[34],"propose":[35],"a":[36,61,200],"novel":[37],"method":[39],"using":[40,112],"continuously":[41],"monitored":[42],"photoplethysmography":[43],"(PPG)":[44],"invasive":[46,189],"arterial":[47],"pressure":[49],"(ABP).":[50],"Methods:":[51],"Forty":[52],"anesthetized":[53],"York":[54],"Pigs":[55],"(31.82":[56],"\u00b1":[57,94,129,132,136,149],"3.52":[58],"kg)":[59],"underwent":[60],"controlled":[62],"hemorrhage":[63],"at":[64,168],"20":[65],"mL/min":[66],"until":[67],"shock":[68],"development":[69],"was":[70],"included.":[71],"Machine-learning-based":[72],"models":[75,111,154],"were":[76,127],"proposed":[77,107,153],"tested":[79],"on":[80],"normalized":[81,188],"features":[82,177,191],"derived":[83],"by":[84,156],"vital":[85],"signs.":[86],"Results:":[87],"The":[88],"results":[89],"showed":[90],"mean":[93],"standard":[95],"deviation":[96],"(SD)":[97],"for":[98],"estimating":[99,184],"against":[101],"reference":[103],"our":[106,152],"random-forest-derived":[108],"PPG":[113,125,176],"ABP":[115,123,181,190],"features,":[116,126],"as":[117,119],"well":[118],"combination":[121],"11.9":[128],"156.2,":[130],"6.5":[131],"161.5,":[133],"7.0":[135],"139.4":[137],"mL,":[138],"respectively.":[139],"Compared":[140],"with":[141],"traditional":[142],"hematocrit":[143],"computation":[144],"formulas":[145],"(estimation":[146],"error:":[147],"102.1":[148],"313.5":[150],"mL),":[151],"outperformed":[155],"nearly":[157],"200":[158],"mL":[159],"SD.":[161],"Conclusion:":[162],"This":[163],"is":[164],"first":[166],"attempt":[167],"predicting":[169],"quantitative":[170],"from":[172],"noninvasive":[173],"measurements.":[174],"Normalized":[175],"superior":[179],"to":[180],"accurately":[183],"early-stage":[185],"BLV,":[186],"could":[192],"enhance":[193],"model":[194],"performance":[195],"event":[198],"massive":[201],"BLV.":[202]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-07-22T07:51:19.307946","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
