{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3093728415","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s20215997","title":"Detection and Mitigation of RPL Rank and Version Number Attacks in the Internet of Things: SRPL-RP","display_name":"Detection and Mitigation of RPL Rank and Version Number Attacks in the Internet of Things: SRPL-RP","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-10-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3093728415","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s20215997","mag":"3093728415","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33105891"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s20215997","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s20215997","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/20/21/5997/pdf?version=1603791671","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/20/21/5997/pdf?version=1603791671","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080761300","display_name":"Zahrah A. Almusaylim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8167-0011"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4626487","display_name":"King Faisal University","ror":"https://ror.org/00dn43547","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4626487"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zahrah A. Almusaylim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, College of Computer Science & IT, King Faisal University, 31982 Al-Hasa, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8167-0011","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, College of Computer Science & IT, King Faisal University, 31982 Al-Hasa, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4626487"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029582839","display_name":"N. Z. Jhanjhi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8116-4733"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210143550","display_name":"Taylor's University","ror":"https://ror.org/0498pcx51","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210143550"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"NZ Jhanjhi","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering (SCE), Taylor\u2019s University, Lakeside Campus, Subang Jaya 47500, Malaysia","School of Computer Science and Engineering (SCE), Taylor's University, Lakeside Campus, Subang Jaya 47500, Malaysia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8116-4733","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering (SCE), Taylor\u2019s University, Lakeside Campus, Subang Jaya 47500, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210143550"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering (SCE), Taylor's University, Lakeside Campus, Subang Jaya 47500, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210143550"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042394003","display_name":"Abdulaziz Alhumam","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7778-2838"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4626487","display_name":"King Faisal University","ror":"https://ror.org/00dn43547","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4626487"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abdulaziz Alhumam","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, College of Computer Science & IT, King Faisal University, 31982 Al-Hasa, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, College of Computer Science & IT, King Faisal University, 31982 Al-Hasa, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4626487"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5080761300"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4626487"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":11.0139,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":131,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98625303,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"20","issue":"21","first_page":"5997","last_page":"5997"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.9973999857902527,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.993399977684021,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-packet","display_name":"Network packet","score":0.6882306337356567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.6812769174575806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6522578597068787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/routing-protocol","display_name":"Routing protocol","score":0.5398271679878235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.47714850306510925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/denial-of-service-attack","display_name":"Denial-of-service attack","score":0.4724743068218231},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-of-things","display_name":"Internet of Things","score":0.42890509963035583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet","display_name":"The Internet","score":0.3308205008506775}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158379750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214111","display_name":"Network packet","level":2,"score":0.6882306337356567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.6812769174575806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6522578597068787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104954878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1648707","display_name":"Routing protocol","level":3,"score":0.5398271679878235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.47714850306510925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38822068","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131406","display_name":"Denial-of-service attack","level":3,"score":0.4724743068218231},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81860439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q251212","display_name":"Internet of Things","level":2,"score":0.42890509963035583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.3308205008506775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s20215997","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s20215997","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/20/21/5997/pdf?version=1603791671","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:33105891","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33105891","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:5e542a8c27624b7cb6111cc2a856ec1c","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/5e542a8c27624b7cb6111cc2a856ec1c","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 20, Iss 21, p 5997 (2020)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/20/21/5997/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20215997","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors; Volume 20; Issue 21; Pages: 5997","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:7660197","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/7660197","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s20215997","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s20215997","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/20/21/5997/pdf?version=1603791671","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8500000238418579,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320331156","display_name":"King Faisal University","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3093728415.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3093728415.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":37,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1988828201","https://openalex.org/W2005777120","https://openalex.org/W2020743799","https://openalex.org/W2028956415","https://openalex.org/W2058401212","https://openalex.org/W2292010581","https://openalex.org/W2460667315","https://openalex.org/W2514362294","https://openalex.org/W2518735427","https://openalex.org/W2584316671","https://openalex.org/W2587471901","https://openalex.org/W2616194875","https://openalex.org/W2765835563","https://openalex.org/W2781947165","https://openalex.org/W2783154085","https://openalex.org/W2783501492","https://openalex.org/W2788700207","https://openalex.org/W2789414100","https://openalex.org/W2790799828","https://openalex.org/W2792342425","https://openalex.org/W2803967002","https://openalex.org/W2897219387","https://openalex.org/W2898717733","https://openalex.org/W2904959125","https://openalex.org/W2907367370","https://openalex.org/W2920115059","https://openalex.org/W2946805489","https://openalex.org/W2974184504","https://openalex.org/W2980801064","https://openalex.org/W2980804824","https://openalex.org/W2997258927","https://openalex.org/W3006210341","https://openalex.org/W3006589602","https://openalex.org/W3137680802","https://openalex.org/W6637769493","https://openalex.org/W6757122227","https://openalex.org/W6791688109"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2765763546","https://openalex.org/W4386482731","https://openalex.org/W4385302085","https://openalex.org/W2360429410","https://openalex.org/W4390188535","https://openalex.org/W4256682929","https://openalex.org/W335511927","https://openalex.org/W2471811227","https://openalex.org/W2039821316","https://openalex.org/W2388081684"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,78,99,139,150,200],"rapid":[1],"growth":[2],"of":[3,6,13,25,41,60,89,146,177,216,222,230,239],"the":[4,10,46,147,159,205,242],"Internet":[5],"Things":[7],"(IoT)":[8],"and":[9,32,49,56,81,109,125,133,154,158,167,180,198,225],"massive":[11],"propagation":[12],"wireless":[14],"technologies":[15],"has":[16],"revealed":[17],"recent":[18],"opportunities":[19],"for":[20,45,53,96,123],"development":[21],"in":[22,72,136],"various":[23],"domains":[24],"real":[26],"life,":[27],"such":[28,187],"as":[29,188],"smart":[30],"cities":[31],"E-Health":[33],"applications.":[34],"A":[35],"slight":[36],"defense":[37],"against":[38],"different":[39],"forms":[40,88],"attack":[42,155],"is":[43,141,181],"offered":[44],"current":[47],"secure":[48],"lightweight":[50],"Routing":[51,120],"Protocol":[52,121],"Low":[54],"Power":[55],"Lossy":[57],"Networks":[58],"(RPL)":[59],"IoT":[61],"resource-constrained":[62],"devices.":[63],"Data":[64],"packets":[65],"are":[66,86],"highly":[67],"likely":[68],"to":[69,163,170],"be":[70],"exposed":[71],"transmission":[73],"during":[74],"data":[75],"packet":[76],"routing.":[77],"RPL":[79,90,97,119,137,190],"rank":[80,124,148],"version":[82,126],"number":[83,127],"attacks,":[84,91],"which":[85],"two":[87],"can":[92],"have":[93,105],"critical":[94],"consequences":[95],"networks.":[98,138],"studies":[100],"conducted":[101],"on":[102,143],"these":[103],"attacks":[104,135],"several":[106],"security":[107],"defects":[108],"performance":[110],"shortcomings.":[111],"In":[112],"this":[113],"research,":[114],"we":[115],"propose":[116],"a":[117,144,164,211,218,235],"Secure":[118],"(SRPL-RP)":[122],"attacks.":[128,243],"This":[129],"mainly":[130],"detects,":[131],"mitigates,":[132],"isolates":[134],"detection":[140],"based":[142],"comparison":[145],"strategy.":[149],"mitigation":[151],"uses":[152],"threshold":[153],"status":[156],"tables,":[157],"isolation":[160],"adds":[161],"them":[162],"blacklist":[165],"table":[166],"alerts":[168],"nodes":[169],"skip":[171],"them.":[172],"SRPL-RP":[173,206,233],"supports":[174],"diverse":[175],"types":[176],"network":[178],"topologies":[179],"comprehensively":[182],"analyzed":[183],"with":[184,191,210],"multiple":[185],"studies,":[186],"Standard":[189],"Attacks,":[192],"Sink-Based":[193],"Intrusion":[194],"Detection":[195],"Systems":[196],"(SBIDS),":[197],"RPL+Shield.":[199],"analysis":[201],"results":[202],"showed":[203],"that":[204],"achieved":[207],"significant":[208],"improvements":[209],"Packet":[212],"Delivery":[213],"Ratio":[214],"(PDR)":[215],"98.48%,":[217],"control":[219],"message":[220],"value":[221],"991":[223],"packets/second,":[224],"an":[226],"average":[227],"energy":[228],"consumption":[229],"1231.75":[231],"joules.":[232],"provided":[234],"better":[236],"accuracy":[237],"rate":[238],"98.30%":[240],"under":[241]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":41},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":35},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":24},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2020-10-29T00:00:00"}