{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3090726806","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s20195617","title":"3D-Printed Sensors and Actuators in Cell Culture and Tissue Engineering: Framework and Research Challenges","display_name":"3D-Printed Sensors and Actuators in Cell Culture and Tissue Engineering: Framework and Research Challenges","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3090726806","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s20195617","mag":"3090726806","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33019576"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s20195617","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s20195617","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/20/19/5617/pdf?version=1601544486","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/20/19/5617/pdf?version=1601544486","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025515207","display_name":"Pablo P\u00e9rez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7283-7254"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210104545","display_name":"Instituto de Microelectr\u00f3nica de Sevilla","ror":"https://ror.org/01mqtzm43","country_code":"ES","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I134820265","https://openalex.org/I4210104545","https://openalex.org/I4210147934","https://openalex.org/I79238269"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79238269","display_name":"Universidad de Sevilla","ror":"https://ror.org/03yxnpp24","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79238269"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pablo P\u00e9rez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Escuela T\u00e9cnica Superior de Ingenier\u00eda Inform\u00e1tica, Departamento de Tecnolog\u00eda Electr\u00f3nica, Universidad de Sevilla, Av. Reina Mercedes sn, 41012 Sevilla, Spain","Instituto de Microelectr\u00f3nica de Sevilla, IMSE-CNM (CSIC, Universidad de Sevilla), Av. Am\u00e9rico Vespucio, sn, 41092 Sevilla, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Escuela T\u00e9cnica Superior de Ingenier\u00eda Inform\u00e1tica, Departamento de Tecnolog\u00eda Electr\u00f3nica, Universidad de Sevilla, Av. Reina Mercedes sn, 41012 Sevilla, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79238269"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Instituto de Microelectr\u00f3nica de Sevilla, IMSE-CNM (CSIC, Universidad de Sevilla), Av. Am\u00e9rico Vespucio, sn, 41092 Sevilla, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210104545","https://openalex.org/I79238269"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101814419","display_name":"J. Mu\u00f1oz Serrano","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9881-0148"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210104545","display_name":"Instituto de Microelectr\u00f3nica de Sevilla","ror":"https://ror.org/01mqtzm43","country_code":"ES","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I134820265","https://openalex.org/I4210104545","https://openalex.org/I4210147934","https://openalex.org/I79238269"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79238269","display_name":"Universidad de Sevilla","ror":"https://ror.org/03yxnpp24","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79238269"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Juan Alfonso Serrano","raw_affiliation_strings":["Escuela T\u00e9cnica Superior de Ingenier\u00eda Inform\u00e1tica, Departamento de Tecnolog\u00eda Electr\u00f3nica, Universidad de Sevilla, Av. Reina Mercedes sn, 41012 Sevilla, Spain","Instituto de Microelectr\u00f3nica de Sevilla, IMSE-CNM (CSIC, Universidad de Sevilla), Av. Am\u00e9rico Vespucio, sn, 41092 Sevilla, Spain"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9881-0148","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Escuela T\u00e9cnica Superior de Ingenier\u00eda Inform\u00e1tica, Departamento de Tecnolog\u00eda Electr\u00f3nica, Universidad de Sevilla, Av. Reina Mercedes sn, 41012 Sevilla, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79238269"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Instituto de Microelectr\u00f3nica de Sevilla, IMSE-CNM (CSIC, Universidad de Sevilla), Av. Am\u00e9rico Vespucio, sn, 41092 Sevilla, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210104545","https://openalex.org/I79238269"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005211287","display_name":"Alberto Olmo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6388-4462"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210104545","display_name":"Instituto de Microelectr\u00f3nica de Sevilla","ror":"https://ror.org/01mqtzm43","country_code":"ES","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I134820265","https://openalex.org/I4210104545","https://openalex.org/I4210147934","https://openalex.org/I79238269"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79238269","display_name":"Universidad de Sevilla","ror":"https://ror.org/03yxnpp24","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79238269"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Alberto Olmo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Escuela T\u00e9cnica Superior de Ingenier\u00eda Inform\u00e1tica, Departamento de Tecnolog\u00eda Electr\u00f3nica, Universidad de Sevilla, Av. Reina Mercedes sn, 41012 Sevilla, Spain","Instituto de Microelectr\u00f3nica de Sevilla, IMSE-CNM (CSIC, Universidad de Sevilla), Av. Am\u00e9rico Vespucio, sn, 41092 Sevilla, Spain"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6388-4462","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Escuela T\u00e9cnica Superior de Ingenier\u00eda Inform\u00e1tica, Departamento de Tecnolog\u00eda Electr\u00f3nica, Universidad de Sevilla, Av. Reina Mercedes sn, 41012 Sevilla, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79238269"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Instituto de Microelectr\u00f3nica de Sevilla, IMSE-CNM (CSIC, Universidad de Sevilla), Av. Am\u00e9rico Vespucio, sn, 41092 Sevilla, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210104545","https://openalex.org/I79238269"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5005211287"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210104545","https://openalex.org/I79238269"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2673},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2673},"fwci":0.1473,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.40629008,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"20","issue":"19","first_page":"5617","last_page":"5617"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11190","display_name":"3D Printing in Biomedical Research","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11190","display_name":"3D Printing in Biomedical Research","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10783","display_name":"Additive Manufacturing and 3D Printing Technologies","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11601","display_name":"Neuroscience and Neural Engineering","score":0.9973999857902527,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/regenerative-medicine","display_name":"Regenerative medicine","score":0.786979079246521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tissue-engineering","display_name":"Tissue engineering","score":0.7345671057701111},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/3d-printing","display_name":"3D printing","score":0.5679792165756226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biomedical-engineering","display_name":"Biomedical engineering","score":0.5163282752037048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/3d-printed","display_name":"3d printed","score":0.5044122934341431},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.4712156355381012},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/actuator","display_name":"Actuator","score":0.4287908673286438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nanotechnology","display_name":"Nanotechnology","score":0.4260174632072449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4026861786842346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.39454400539398193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biochemical-engineering","display_name":"Biochemical engineering","score":0.38721704483032227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stem-cell","display_name":"Stem cell","score":0.3276246190071106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.2526974678039551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mechanical-engineering","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","score":0.2285667061805725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.17517662048339844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biology","display_name":"Biology","score":0.0879548192024231},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cell-biology","display_name":"Cell biology","score":0.08755818009376526}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10854531","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1061415","display_name":"Regenerative medicine","level":3,"score":0.786979079246521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49892992","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1540285","display_name":"Tissue engineering","level":2,"score":0.7345671057701111},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C524769229","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q229367","display_name":"3D printing","level":2,"score":0.5679792165756226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136229726","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q327092","display_name":"Biomedical engineering","level":1,"score":0.5163282752037048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3019308078","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q229367","display_name":"3d printed","level":2,"score":0.5044122934341431},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.4712156355381012},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172707124","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q423488","display_name":"Actuator","level":2,"score":0.4287908673286438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171250308","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11468","display_name":"Nanotechnology","level":1,"score":0.4260174632072449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4026861786842346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.39454400539398193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C183696295","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2487696","display_name":"Biochemical engineering","level":1,"score":0.38721704483032227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28328180","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48196","display_name":"Stem cell","level":2,"score":0.3276246190071106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.2526974678039551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.2285667061805725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.17517662048339844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0879548192024231},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95444343","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7141","display_name":"Cell biology","level":1,"score":0.08755818009376526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013234","descriptor_name":"Stem Cells","qualifier_ui":"Q000166","qualifier_name":"cytology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013234","descriptor_name":"Stem Cells","qualifier_ui":"Q000166","qualifier_name":"cytology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013234","descriptor_name":"Stem Cells","qualifier_ui":"Q000166","qualifier_name":"cytology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018929","descriptor_name":"Cell Culture Techniques","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D018929","descriptor_name":"Cell Culture Techniques","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D018929","descriptor_name":"Cell Culture Techniques","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D023822","descriptor_name":"Tissue Engineering","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D023822","descriptor_name":"Tissue Engineering","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D023822","descriptor_name":"Tissue Engineering","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D044968","descriptor_name":"Regenerative Medicine","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D044968","descriptor_name":"Regenerative Medicine","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D044968","descriptor_name":"Regenerative Medicine","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D054457","descriptor_name":"Tissue Scaffolds","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D054457","descriptor_name":"Tissue Scaffolds","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D054457","descriptor_name":"Tissue Scaffolds","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D066330","descriptor_name":"Printing, Three-Dimensional","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D066330","descriptor_name":"Printing, Three-Dimensional","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D066330","descriptor_name":"Printing, Three-Dimensional","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":8,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s20195617","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s20195617","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/20/19/5617/pdf?version=1601544486","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:33019576","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33019576","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:digital.csic.es:10261/221063","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10261/221063","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400616","display_name":"DIGITAL.CSIC (Spanish National Research Council (CSIC))","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I134820265","host_organization_name":"Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I134820265"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"art\u00edculo"},{"id":"pmh:oai:digital.csic.es:10261/251114","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10261/251114","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400616","display_name":"DIGITAL.CSIC (Spanish National Research Council (CSIC))","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I134820265","host_organization_name":"Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I134820265"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"art\u00edculo"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:776ebda2ed2842de8cc983b2afe6b4f5","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/776ebda2ed2842de8cc983b2afe6b4f5","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 20, Iss 19, p 5617 (2020)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:idus.us.es:11441/102689","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://idus.us.es/handle//11441/102689","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400333","display_name":"idUS (Universidad de Sevilla)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I79238269","host_organization_name":"Universidad de Sevilla","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79238269"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/20/19/5617/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20195617","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors; Volume 20; Issue 19; Pages: 5617","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:7582847","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/7582847","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s20195617","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s20195617","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/20/19/5617/pdf?version=1601544486","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1552378941","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Plan Estatal 2017-2020","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320315062","funder_display_name":"Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovaci\u00f3n y Universidades"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2892185308","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"P18-FR-2038","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320326754","funder_display_name":"Junta de Andaluc\u00eda"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6749022858","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"RTI2018-093512-B-C21","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320315062","funder_display_name":"Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovaci\u00f3n y Universidades"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8181105605","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"RTI2018","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320315062","funder_display_name":"Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovaci\u00f3n y Universidades"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320315062","display_name":"Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovaci\u00f3n y Universidades","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320326754","display_name":"Junta de Andaluc\u00eda","ror":"https://ror.org/01jem9c82"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3090726806.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3090726806.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":49,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W829771896","https://openalex.org/W1191932167","https://openalex.org/W1267489453","https://openalex.org/W1970835024","https://openalex.org/W1981321718","https://openalex.org/W2038628992","https://openalex.org/W2052436494","https://openalex.org/W2058839947","https://openalex.org/W2065613288","https://openalex.org/W2067139494","https://openalex.org/W2120082103","https://openalex.org/W2122109869","https://openalex.org/W2129471941","https://openalex.org/W2158880540","https://openalex.org/W2345852885","https://openalex.org/W2536032352","https://openalex.org/W2556822639","https://openalex.org/W2571355121","https://openalex.org/W2590767622","https://openalex.org/W2610098974","https://openalex.org/W2615857549","https://openalex.org/W2620819940","https://openalex.org/W2770228012","https://openalex.org/W2809198193","https://openalex.org/W2823610131","https://openalex.org/W2890191583","https://openalex.org/W2891243081","https://openalex.org/W2897807752","https://openalex.org/W2899866752","https://openalex.org/W2904922538","https://openalex.org/W2911295466","https://openalex.org/W2921555806","https://openalex.org/W2922528683","https://openalex.org/W2938356557","https://openalex.org/W2939978610","https://openalex.org/W2942657554","https://openalex.org/W2973037820","https://openalex.org/W2974852618","https://openalex.org/W2979897069","https://openalex.org/W2993622021","https://openalex.org/W2994141496","https://openalex.org/W3007067659","https://openalex.org/W3009829191","https://openalex.org/W3013324035","https://openalex.org/W3033996089","https://openalex.org/W3036319245","https://openalex.org/W3101653067","https://openalex.org/W6665004937","https://openalex.org/W6762384761"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1955801659","https://openalex.org/W3036311796","https://openalex.org/W4367665844","https://openalex.org/W3215530055","https://openalex.org/W2287501499","https://openalex.org/W4285543619","https://openalex.org/W2435286860","https://openalex.org/W2467205692","https://openalex.org/W3014163099","https://openalex.org/W4401662109"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Three-dimensional":[0],"printing":[1,38,121],"technologies":[2,39],"have":[3,57],"been":[4,58],"recently":[5,59],"proposed":[6],"to":[7,29],"monitor":[8],"cell":[9,13,62],"cultures":[10],"and":[11,36,64,107,112],"implement":[12],"bioreactors":[14],"for":[15,46,89,126],"different":[16],"biological":[17,69],"applications.":[18],"In":[19,49],"tissue":[20,25,31,65,105],"engineering,":[21],"the":[22,76,90,102,117],"control":[23],"of":[24,33,78,92,98,104,119],"formation":[26,106],"is":[27,97],"crucial":[28],"form":[30],"constructs":[32],"clinical":[34],"relevance,":[35],"3D":[37,120],"can":[40],"also":[41,130],"play":[42],"an":[43],"important":[44],"role":[45],"this":[47,50],"purpose.":[48],"work,":[51],"we":[52,83],"study":[53,84],"3D-printed":[54,86],"sensors":[55],"that":[56],"used":[60,88],"in":[61,68,101,123],"culture":[63],"engineering":[66],"applications":[67],"laboratories,":[70],"with":[71],"a":[72],"special":[73],"focus":[74],"on":[75],"technique":[77],"electrical":[79],"impedance":[80],"spectroscopy.":[81],"Furthermore,":[82],"new":[85],"actuators":[87],"stimulation":[91],"stem":[93],"cells":[94],"cultures,":[95],"which":[96],"high":[99],"importance":[100],"process":[103],"regenerative":[108,127],"medicine.":[109],"Key":[110],"challenges":[111],"open":[113],"issues,":[114],"such":[115],"as":[116],"use":[118],"techniques":[122],"implantable":[124],"devices":[125],"medicine,":[128],"are":[129],"discussed.":[131]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-30T17:31:21.811387","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}