{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3091031208","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s20195598","title":"Design of a High Sensitivity Microwave Sensor for Liquid Dielectric Constant Measurement","display_name":"Design of a High Sensitivity Microwave Sensor for Liquid Dielectric Constant Measurement","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-09-29","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3091031208","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s20195598","mag":"3091031208","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33003596"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s20195598","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s20195598","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/20/19/5598/pdf?version=1601386958","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/20/19/5598/pdf?version=1601386958","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109238190","display_name":"Honggang Hao","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I10535382","display_name":"Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/03dgaqz26","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I10535382"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Honggang Hao","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Electronic Engineering, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing 400065, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Electronic Engineering, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing 400065, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I10535382"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005325606","display_name":"Dexu Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-4218-791X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I10535382","display_name":"Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/03dgaqz26","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I10535382"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dexu Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Electronic Engineering, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing 400065, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Electronic Engineering, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing 400065, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I10535382"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100439573","display_name":"Zhu Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3691-1407"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I10535382","display_name":"Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/03dgaqz26","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I10535382"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhu Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Electronic Engineering, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing 400065, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Electronic Engineering, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing 400065, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I10535382"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005574970","display_name":"Bo Yin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9900-3647"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I10535382","display_name":"Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/03dgaqz26","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I10535382"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bo Yin","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Electronic Engineering, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing 400065, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Electronic Engineering, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing 400065, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I10535382"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090537867","display_name":"Wei Ruan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0944-456X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I10535382","display_name":"Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/03dgaqz26","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I10535382"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wei Ruan","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Electronic Engineering, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing 400065, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Electronic Engineering, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing 400065, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I10535382"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5109238190"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I10535382"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2673},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2673},"fwci":1.465,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":38,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.81487449,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"20","issue":"19","first_page":"5598","last_page":"5598"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11607","display_name":"Microwave and Dielectric Measurement Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11607","display_name":"Microwave and Dielectric Measurement Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10205","display_name":"Advanced Fiber Optic Sensors","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12510","display_name":"Magneto-Optical Properties and Applications","score":0.9958000183105469,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dielectric","display_name":"Dielectric","score":0.7758208513259888},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/permittivity","display_name":"Permittivity","score":0.7171364426612854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.6776558756828308},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microwave","display_name":"Microwave","score":0.6196436882019043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relative-permittivity","display_name":"Relative permittivity","score":0.6134073138237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sensitivity","display_name":"Sensitivity (control systems)","score":0.5787909030914307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microstrip","display_name":"Microstrip","score":0.5411436557769775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/offset","display_name":"Offset (computer science)","score":0.48243483901023865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optoelectronics","display_name":"Optoelectronics","score":0.40362080931663513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.34649941325187683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.2241242527961731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.1392468810081482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.12830236554145813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.08207756280899048}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133386390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184996","display_name":"Dielectric","level":2,"score":0.7758208513259888},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168651791","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q211569","display_name":"Permittivity","level":3,"score":0.7171364426612854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.6776558756828308},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44838205","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q127995","display_name":"Microwave","level":2,"score":0.6196436882019043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13760523","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4027242","display_name":"Relative permittivity","level":4,"score":0.6134073138237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21200559","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7451068","display_name":"Sensitivity (control systems)","level":2,"score":0.5787909030914307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123657345","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q639055","display_name":"Microstrip","level":2,"score":0.5411436557769775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175291020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1156822","display_name":"Offset (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.48243483901023865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.40362080931663513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.34649941325187683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.2241242527961731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.1392468810081482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.12830236554145813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.08207756280899048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s20195598","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s20195598","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/20/19/5598/pdf?version=1601386958","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:33003596","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33003596","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:bc2524a3b1bc4b89ae50d04b3baf895b","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/bc2524a3b1bc4b89ae50d04b3baf895b","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 20, Iss 19, p 5598 (2020)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/20/19/5598/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20195598","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors; Volume 20; Issue 19; Pages: 5598","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:7584046","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/7584046","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s20195598","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s20195598","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/20/19/5598/pdf?version=1601386958","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.8299999833106995,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1040737001","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"cstc2018jcyjAX0508","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323172","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4991496724","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"KJQN201800639","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324805","funder_display_name":"Chongqing Municipal Education Commission"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323172","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324805","display_name":"Chongqing Municipal Education Commission","ror":"https://ror.org/031nm5713"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3091031208.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3091031208.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":37,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1529163756","https://openalex.org/W1931085413","https://openalex.org/W2005296435","https://openalex.org/W2014293504","https://openalex.org/W2022968741","https://openalex.org/W2039840110","https://openalex.org/W2047692161","https://openalex.org/W2067890248","https://openalex.org/W2079847724","https://openalex.org/W2154155428","https://openalex.org/W2206637095","https://openalex.org/W2314639641","https://openalex.org/W2323935702","https://openalex.org/W2542362329","https://openalex.org/W2554984571","https://openalex.org/W2573269249","https://openalex.org/W2574666340","https://openalex.org/W2595036468","https://openalex.org/W2751632613","https://openalex.org/W2752911626","https://openalex.org/W2759425522","https://openalex.org/W2790673685","https://openalex.org/W2791126242","https://openalex.org/W2800163964","https://openalex.org/W2806859716","https://openalex.org/W2889065084","https://openalex.org/W2897245098","https://openalex.org/W2900755450","https://openalex.org/W2907147781","https://openalex.org/W2941027358","https://openalex.org/W2972165488","https://openalex.org/W3004874915","https://openalex.org/W3013432647","https://openalex.org/W3026831933","https://openalex.org/W3035009775","https://openalex.org/W3104455115","https://openalex.org/W4299689903"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2107320019","https://openalex.org/W4391114742","https://openalex.org/W2905363763","https://openalex.org/W2146228281","https://openalex.org/W2313079490","https://openalex.org/W3091232865","https://openalex.org/W2333849723","https://openalex.org/W1129759607","https://openalex.org/W4238822153","https://openalex.org/W2600143927"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"order":[1],"to":[2,89,109,168],"improve":[3],"the":[4,25,48,53,63,67,70,78,82,100,104,119,144,147,151,162],"sensitivity":[5,57,163],"of":[6,33,69,81,103,115,133,164],"liquid":[7,12],"dielectric":[8,13,35,64,101,122],"constant":[9,14,65,102,123],"measurements,":[10],"a":[11,18,34,38,94,136],"sensor":[15,83],"based":[16],"on":[17],"cubic":[19,29],"container":[20],"structure":[21,71],"is":[22,84,124,127,140,157,166],"proposed":[23],"for":[24,118],"first":[26],"time.":[27],"The":[28,73,131,154],"container,":[30],"which":[31,126],"consists":[32],"substrate":[36],"with":[37,66,92,135],"split":[39],"resonant":[40,79,152],"ring":[41],"(SRR)":[42],"and":[43,150,161],"microstrip":[44],"lines,":[45],"can":[46,58],"enhance":[47],"electric":[49],"field":[50],"intensity":[51],"in":[52],"measuring":[54,62,165],"area.":[55],"High":[56],"be":[59],"obtained":[60],"from":[61,86,107],"characteristics":[68],"resonate.":[72],"research":[74],"results":[75],"show":[76],"that":[77],"frequency":[80,97,113],"shifted":[85],"7.69":[87],"GHz":[88,96],"5.70":[90],"GHz,":[91],"about":[93],"2":[95],"offset,":[98],"when":[99],"sample":[105],"varied":[106],"1":[108],"10.":[110],"A":[111],"resonance":[112],"offset":[114],"200":[116],"MHz":[117],"per":[120],"unit":[121],"achieved,":[125],"excellent":[128],"regarding":[129],"performance.":[130],"permittivity":[132,149],"oil":[134],"different":[137],"metal":[138],"content":[139],"measured":[141],"by":[142],"using":[143],"relation":[145],"between":[146],"fitted":[148],"frequency.":[153],"relative":[155],"error":[156],"less":[158],"than":[159],"1.5%":[160],"up":[167],"3.45%.":[169]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-30T17:31:21.811387","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
