{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3087272931","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s20185389","title":"Unsupervised Monocular Depth Estimation Method Based on Uncertainty Analysis and Retinex Algorithm","display_name":"Unsupervised Monocular Depth Estimation Method Based on Uncertainty Analysis and Retinex Algorithm","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-09-21","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3087272931","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s20185389","mag":"3087272931","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32967069"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s20185389","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s20185389","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/20/18/5389/pdf?version=1600651880","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"letter","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/20/18/5389/pdf?version=1600651880","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049560488","display_name":"Chuanxue Song","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I194450716","display_name":"Jilin University","ror":"https://ror.org/00js3aw79","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I194450716"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chuanxue Song","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Automotive Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130022, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Automotive Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130022, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I194450716"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103125036","display_name":"Chunyang Qi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7956-0865"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I194450716","display_name":"Jilin University","ror":"https://ror.org/00js3aw79","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I194450716"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chunyang Qi","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Automotive Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130022, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Automotive Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130022, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I194450716"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101407169","display_name":"Shixin Song","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7250-2681"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I194450716","display_name":"Jilin University","ror":"https://ror.org/00js3aw79","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I194450716"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Shixin Song","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130022, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130022, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I194450716"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100623426","display_name":"Feng Xiao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1847-504X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I194450716","display_name":"Jilin University","ror":"https://ror.org/00js3aw79","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I194450716"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4392738231","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control","ror":"https://ror.org/00b67z867","country_code":null,"type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I194450716","https://openalex.org/I4392738231"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Feng Xiao","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control, Jilin University, Changchun 130022, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control, Jilin University, Changchun 130022, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I194450716","https://openalex.org/I4392738231"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101407169"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I194450716"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":0.5889,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.69635426,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"20","issue":"18","first_page":"5389","last_page":"5389"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10531","display_name":"Advanced Vision and Imaging","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10531","display_name":"Advanced Vision and Imaging","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13114","display_name":"Image Processing Techniques and Applications","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10638","display_name":"Optical measurement and interference techniques","score":0.9955000281333923,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/monocular","display_name":"Monocular","score":0.799765944480896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.700592041015625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6423928141593933},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.6265926361083984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/color-constancy","display_name":"Color constancy","score":0.5854446887969971},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.5407019853591919},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/focus","display_name":"Focus (optics)","score":0.5354194045066833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pixel","display_name":"Pixel","score":0.4555257260799408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","score":0.4450409710407257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/function","display_name":"Function (biology)","score":0.4430271089076996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.42798590660095215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/estimation","display_name":"Estimation","score":0.42129766941070557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.3412683606147766}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65909025","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1945033","display_name":"Monocular","level":2,"score":0.799765944480896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.700592041015625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6423928141593933},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.6265926361083984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187888035","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2563885","display_name":"Color constancy","level":3,"score":0.5854446887969971},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.5407019853591919},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192209626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190909","display_name":"Focus (optics)","level":2,"score":0.5354194045066833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160633673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q355198","display_name":"Pixel","level":2,"score":0.4555257260799408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43214815","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310987","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","level":3,"score":0.4450409710407257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14036430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3736076","display_name":"Function (biology)","level":2,"score":0.4430271089076996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.42798590660095215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96250715","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q965330","display_name":"Estimation","level":2,"score":0.42129766941070557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3412683606147766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78458016","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840400","display_name":"Evolutionary biology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s20185389","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s20185389","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/20/18/5389/pdf?version=1600651880","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:32967069","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32967069","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:85da78bd764c4659aa64ce36e824d924","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/85da78bd764c4659aa64ce36e824d924","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 20, Iss 18, p 5389 (2020)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/20/18/5389/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20185389","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors; Volume 20; Issue 18; Pages: 5389","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:7570747","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/7570747","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s20185389","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s20185389","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/20/18/5389/pdf?version=1600651880","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4637464355","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Grant No. 201501037JC","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320310121","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Jilin Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6699856489","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2015010","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322174","funder_display_name":"People's Government of Jilin Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7593846718","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"201501037JC","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320310121","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Jilin Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8630064649","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"No. 201501037JC","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320310121","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Jilin Province"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320310121","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Jilin Province","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322174","display_name":"People's Government of Jilin Province","ror":"https://ror.org/02fzqav45"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3087272931.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3087272931.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":34,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W260801291","https://openalex.org/W603908379","https://openalex.org/W1758387927","https://openalex.org/W1803059841","https://openalex.org/W1905829557","https://openalex.org/W1915250530","https://openalex.org/W2026203852","https://openalex.org/W2115579991","https://openalex.org/W2124907686","https://openalex.org/W2125416623","https://openalex.org/W2171740948","https://openalex.org/W2300779272","https://openalex.org/W2343077198","https://openalex.org/W2520707372","https://openalex.org/W2593414960","https://openalex.org/W2600383743","https://openalex.org/W2605938684","https://openalex.org/W2609883120","https://openalex.org/W2785512290","https://openalex.org/W2890949887","https://openalex.org/W2949634581","https://openalex.org/W2950517871","https://openalex.org/W2951234442","https://openalex.org/W2951261569","https://openalex.org/W2951333975","https://openalex.org/W2953175911","https://openalex.org/W2962741876","https://openalex.org/W2962816904","https://openalex.org/W2963583471","https://openalex.org/W2963591054","https://openalex.org/W2963654727","https://openalex.org/W2963906250","https://openalex.org/W2964968086","https://openalex.org/W6618372016"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2982638676","https://openalex.org/W4237735386","https://openalex.org/W2622554317","https://openalex.org/W2006198159","https://openalex.org/W1603973577","https://openalex.org/W2114667878","https://openalex.org/W2159871081","https://openalex.org/W2082294883","https://openalex.org/W2155138846","https://openalex.org/W3206716821"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Depth":[0],"estimation":[1,48,56,123],"of":[2,20,80,102,110],"a":[3,7,53,68,89],"single":[4],"image":[5],"presents":[6],"classic":[8],"problem":[9,65,101],"for":[10,16],"computer":[11],"vision,":[12],"and":[13,24,125],"is":[14],"important":[15],"the":[17,45,64,78,95,100,108],"3D":[18],"reconstruction":[19],"scenes,":[21],"augmented":[22],"reality,":[23],"object":[25],"detection.":[26],"At":[27],"present,":[28],"most":[29],"researchers":[30],"are":[31],"beginning":[32],"to":[33,44,107,118],"focus":[34],"on":[35,59,94],"unsupervised":[36],"monocular":[37,54,121],"depth":[38,47,55,122],"estimation.":[39],"This":[40],"paper":[41,87],"proposes":[42,88],"solutions":[43,51],"current":[46,119],"problem.":[49],"These":[50],"include":[52],"method":[57,117],"based":[58,93],"uncertainty":[60],"analysis,":[61],"which":[62,67,98],"solves":[63,99],"in":[66],"neural":[69],"network":[70],"has":[71],"strong":[72],"expressive":[73],"ability":[74],"but":[75],"cannot":[76],"evaluate":[77],"reliability":[79],"an":[81],"output":[82],"result.":[83],"In":[84],"addition,":[85],"this":[86],"photometric":[90],"loss":[91],"function":[92],"Retinex":[96],"algorithm,":[97],"pulling":[103],"around":[104],"pixels":[105],"due":[106],"presence":[109],"moving":[111],"objects.":[112],"We":[113],"objectively":[114],"compare":[115],"our":[116],"mainstream":[120],"methods":[124],"obtain":[126],"satisfactory":[127],"results.":[128]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-04-10T15:06:20.359241","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
