{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3081536477","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s20185017","title":"Comparative Analysis of Object Digitization Techniques Applied to the Characterization of Deformed Materials in Ballistic Tests","display_name":"Comparative Analysis of Object Digitization Techniques Applied to the Characterization of Deformed Materials in Ballistic Tests","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-09-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3081536477","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s20185017","mag":"3081536477","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32899594"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s20185017","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s20185017","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/20/18/5017/pdf?version=1599182454","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/20/18/5017/pdf?version=1599182454","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071483197","display_name":"Filipe Dmengeon Pedreiro Balbino","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2699952","display_name":"Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro","ror":"https://ror.org/01dg47b60","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2699952"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Filipe Dmengeon Pedreiro Balbino","raw_affiliation_strings":["Postgraduate Programme in Metrology, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro, Marqu\u00eas de S\u00e3o Vicente Street, 225, G\u00e1vea, Rio de Janeiro 22451-900, Brazil"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Postgraduate Programme in Metrology, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro, Marqu\u00eas de S\u00e3o Vicente Street, 225, G\u00e1vea, Rio de Janeiro 22451-900, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2699952"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083898195","display_name":"Khrissy Arac\u00e9lly Reis Medeiros","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8577-9671"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2699952","display_name":"Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro","ror":"https://ror.org/01dg47b60","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2699952"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Khrissy Arac\u00e9lly Reis Medeiros","raw_affiliation_strings":["Mechanical Engineering Department (DEM), Optical Fiber Sensors Laboratory (LSFO), Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro, Marqu\u00eas de S\u00e3o Vicente Street, 225, G\u00e1vea, Rio de Janeiro 22451-900, Brazil"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Mechanical Engineering Department (DEM), Optical Fiber Sensors Laboratory (LSFO), Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro, Marqu\u00eas de S\u00e3o Vicente Street, 225, G\u00e1vea, Rio de Janeiro 22451-900, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2699952"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030941940","display_name":"Carlos Roberto Hall Barbosa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0753-9044"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2699952","display_name":"Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro","ror":"https://ror.org/01dg47b60","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2699952"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Carlos Roberto Hall Barbosa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Postgraduate Programme in Metrology, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro, Marqu\u00eas de S\u00e3o Vicente Street, 225, G\u00e1vea, Rio de Janeiro 22451-900, Brazil"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Postgraduate Programme in Metrology, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro, Marqu\u00eas de S\u00e3o Vicente Street, 225, G\u00e1vea, Rio de Janeiro 22451-900, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2699952"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5030941940"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2699952"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":1.1467,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.85976292,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"20","issue":"18","first_page":"5017","last_page":"5017"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12153","display_name":"Advanced Optical Sensing Technologies","score":0.9966999888420105,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3105","display_name":"Instrumentation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12153","display_name":"Advanced Optical Sensing Technologies","score":0.9966999888420105,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3105","display_name":"Instrumentation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10638","display_name":"Optical measurement and interference techniques","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12549","display_name":"Image and Object Detection Techniques","score":0.9937999844551086,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scanner","display_name":"Scanner","score":0.6164276599884033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digitization","display_name":"Digitization","score":0.5853085517883301},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ballistics","display_name":"Ballistics","score":0.5382409691810608},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/projectile","display_name":"Projectile","score":0.5373557806015015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5312594771385193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/characterization","display_name":"Characterization (materials science)","score":0.5212855339050293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metrology","display_name":"Metrology","score":0.5137823224067688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/laser-scanning","display_name":"Laser scanning","score":0.5057411193847656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/structured-light-3d-scanner","display_name":"Structured-light 3D scanner","score":0.5028156638145447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.49866509437561035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nondestructive-testing","display_name":"Nondestructive testing","score":0.47476768493652344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sample","display_name":"Sample (material)","score":0.460593581199646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/photogrammetry","display_name":"Photogrammetry","score":0.45353245735168457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.42963993549346924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/point-cloud","display_name":"Point cloud","score":0.42035186290740967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.26515108346939087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.159114271402359},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.11665165424346924}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779751349","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1474480","display_name":"Scanner","level":2,"score":0.6164276599884033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779308522","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q843958","display_name":"Digitization","level":2,"score":0.5853085517883301},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71480407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184631","display_name":"Ballistics","level":3,"score":0.5382409691810608},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49304495","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q49393","display_name":"Projectile","level":2,"score":0.5373557806015015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5312594771385193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780841128","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5073781","display_name":"Characterization (materials science)","level":2,"score":0.5212855339050293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195766429","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q394","display_name":"Metrology","level":2,"score":0.5137823224067688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141349535","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1361664","display_name":"Laser scanning","level":3,"score":0.5057411193847656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184577583","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1485537","display_name":"Structured-light 3D scanner","level":3,"score":0.5028156638145447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.49866509437561035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56529433","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q626700","display_name":"Nondestructive testing","level":2,"score":0.47476768493652344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198531522","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q485146","display_name":"Sample (material)","level":2,"score":0.460593581199646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117455697","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190149","display_name":"Photogrammetry","level":2,"score":0.45353245735168457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.42963993549346924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131979681","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1899648","display_name":"Point cloud","level":2,"score":0.42035186290740967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.26515108346939087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.159114271402359},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.11665165424346924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191897082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11467","display_name":"Metallurgy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C520434653","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38867","display_name":"Laser","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s20185017","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s20185017","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/20/18/5017/pdf?version=1599182454","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:32899594","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32899594","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:345725e1a685493a986237b00121a9e2","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/345725e1a685493a986237b00121a9e2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 20, Iss 18, p 5017 (2020)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/20/18/5017/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20185017","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors; Volume 20; Issue 18; Pages: 5017","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:7570666","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/7570666","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s20185017","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s20185017","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/20/18/5017/pdf?version=1599182454","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7900000214576721,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3081536477.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3081536477.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":39,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W60171607","https://openalex.org/W1598123022","https://openalex.org/W1874503286","https://openalex.org/W1969014399","https://openalex.org/W1986049249","https://openalex.org/W1998365472","https://openalex.org/W2000018820","https://openalex.org/W2004525420","https://openalex.org/W2008073424","https://openalex.org/W2027254180","https://openalex.org/W2028542749","https://openalex.org/W2049981393","https://openalex.org/W2066815131","https://openalex.org/W2069768695","https://openalex.org/W2082612735","https://openalex.org/W2084032407","https://openalex.org/W2107883532","https://openalex.org/W2118104180","https://openalex.org/W2152017725","https://openalex.org/W2171623499","https://openalex.org/W2345892910","https://openalex.org/W2551723962","https://openalex.org/W2611946301","https://openalex.org/W2736556587","https://openalex.org/W2762064069","https://openalex.org/W2772913126","https://openalex.org/W2781525095","https://openalex.org/W2785758335","https://openalex.org/W2793137555","https://openalex.org/W2801933742","https://openalex.org/W2803600673","https://openalex.org/W2811289326","https://openalex.org/W2890636337","https://openalex.org/W2906529579","https://openalex.org/W3025798581","https://openalex.org/W3026188923","https://openalex.org/W3027809399","https://openalex.org/W4256572809","https://openalex.org/W6652231383"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1539704186","https://openalex.org/W4254109238","https://openalex.org/W2399890175","https://openalex.org/W4308177873","https://openalex.org/W2969134726","https://openalex.org/W1492706736","https://openalex.org/W2091615206","https://openalex.org/W2967590874","https://openalex.org/W2339895499","https://openalex.org/W2118787874"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Several":[0],"three-dimensional":[1,80,124,153],"scanning":[2,82],"methods":[3],"have":[4],"been":[5],"developed":[6],"and":[7,31,47],"improved":[8],"over":[9],"the":[10,21,25,28,34,48,63,87,111,114,133,142,149,155],"past":[11],"40":[12],"years.":[13],"The":[14,53,92],"peculiarities":[15],"of":[16,24,33,50,56,65,90,113],"each":[17,107],"technique,":[18],"associated":[19],"with":[20],"computational":[22],"advances":[23],"period,":[26],"allowed":[27],"increasing":[29],"application":[30],"diffusion":[32],"technology":[35],"in":[36,45,106,136],"several":[37],"sectors,":[38],"among":[39],"them":[40],"those":[41,139],"related":[42],"to":[43,61,132,138,148],"metrology":[44],"ballistics":[46],"testing":[49],"protective":[51],"materials.":[52],"specific":[54],"goal":[55],"such":[57],"ballistic":[58],"tests":[59],"is":[60],"estimate":[62],"depth":[64],"indentation":[66],"caused":[67],"by":[68,101,126,141],"projectiles.":[69],"In":[70],"particular,":[71],"this":[72,121],"study":[73],"presents":[74],"a":[75],"comparative":[76,93],"analysis":[77,94],"between":[78],"two":[79],"optical":[81],"methods,":[83],"taking":[84],"into":[85],"account":[86],"same":[88],"object":[89],"interest.":[91],"was":[95,118,158],"based":[96],"on":[97],"reference":[98],"planes":[99],"detected":[100],"Random":[102],"Sample":[103],"Consensus":[104],"methodology":[105],"cloud.":[108],"By":[109],"comparing":[110],"results":[112],"different":[115],"techniques,":[116],"it":[117],"found":[119],"for":[120,152],"case":[122],"that":[123],"reconstruction":[125],"stereo":[127],"images":[128],"estimated":[129,140],"values":[130],"closer":[131],"real":[134],"ones":[135],"comparison":[137],"structured":[143],"light":[144],"scanner,":[145],"mainly":[146],"due":[147],"fact":[150],"that,":[151],"reconstruction,":[154],"image":[156],"acquisition":[157],"conducted":[159],"statically.":[160]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-20T23:20:44.827607","created_date":"2020-09-08T00:00:00"}