{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3082022399","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s20175007","title":"A Deep-Learning Method for Radar Micro-Doppler Spectrogram Restoration","display_name":"A Deep-Learning Method for Radar Micro-Doppler Spectrogram Restoration","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-09-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3082022399","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s20175007","mag":"3082022399","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32899348"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s20175007","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s20175007","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/20/17/5007/pdf?version=1599376928","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/20/17/5007/pdf?version=1599376928","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059053033","display_name":"Yuan He","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7578-8515"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuan He","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Trustworthy Distributed Computing and Service (BUPT), Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 100876, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7578-8515","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Trustworthy Distributed Computing and Service (BUPT), Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 100876, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100406096","display_name":"Xinyu Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1919-2327"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xinyu Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Trustworthy Distributed Computing and Service (BUPT), Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 100876, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1919-2327","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Trustworthy Distributed Computing and Service (BUPT), Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 100876, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023522075","display_name":"Runlong Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5900-0759"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Runlong Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Trustworthy Distributed Computing and Service (BUPT), Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 100876, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Trustworthy Distributed Computing and Service (BUPT), Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 100876, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100356269","display_name":"Jianping Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9450-8961"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98358874","display_name":"Delft University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02e2c7k09","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jianping Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science (EEMCS), Delft University of Technology, 2628CD Delft, The Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science (EEMCS), Delft University of Technology, 2628CD Delft, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027047483","display_name":"Xiaojun Jing","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2560-4364"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaojun Jing","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Trustworthy Distributed Computing and Service (BUPT), Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 100876, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Trustworthy Distributed Computing and Service (BUPT), Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 100876, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100356269"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2673},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2673},"fwci":0.5155,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":13,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.57885998,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"20","issue":"17","first_page":"5007","last_page":"5007"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11196","display_name":"Non-Invasive Vital Sign Monitoring","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11196","display_name":"Non-Invasive Vital Sign Monitoring","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11038","display_name":"Advanced SAR Imaging Techniques","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12153","display_name":"Advanced Optical Sensing Technologies","score":0.9916999936103821,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3105","display_name":"Instrumentation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spectrogram","display_name":"Spectrogram","score":0.9875183701515198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interference","display_name":"Interference (communication)","score":0.654827892780304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6425341367721558},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar","display_name":"Radar","score":0.6368131041526794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5798795223236084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","score":0.5585492253303528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.456000953912735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.4331149160861969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/doppler-effect","display_name":"Doppler effect","score":0.42634421586990356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.39661556482315063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.3694794774055481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustics","display_name":"Acoustics","score":0.364535391330719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.17342758178710938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.08189743757247925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.07815772294998169}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45273575","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q578970","display_name":"Spectrogram","level":2,"score":0.9875183701515198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32022120","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q797225","display_name":"Interference (communication)","level":3,"score":0.654827892780304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6425341367721558},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.6368131041526794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5798795223236084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.5585492253303528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.456000953912735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.4331149160861969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142757262","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76436","display_name":"Doppler effect","level":2,"score":0.42634421586990356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.39661556482315063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.3694794774055481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.364535391330719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.17342758178710938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.08189743757247925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.07815772294998169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1276947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333","display_name":"Astronomy","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":6,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s20175007","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s20175007","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/20/17/5007/pdf?version=1599376928","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:32899348","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32899348","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:tud:oai:tudelft.nl:uuid:a5ab144e-5f12-4fff-9a98-119bfced7932","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:a5ab144e-5f12-4fff-9a98-119bfced7932","pdf_url":"http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:a5ab144e-5f12-4fff-9a98-119bfced7932","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401843","display_name":"Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1322597698","host_organization_name":"Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1322597698"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, 20(17)","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:52dc9265067e4126afad14d829107b16","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/52dc9265067e4126afad14d829107b16","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 20, Iss 17, p 5007 (2020)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/20/17/5007/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20175007","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors; Volume 20; Issue 17; Pages: 5007","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:7506618","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/7506618","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s20175007","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s20175007","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/20/17/5007/pdf?version=1599376928","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15","score":0.5199999809265137,"display_name":"Life in Land"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1655785612","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"500419757","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321470","funder_display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2747697957","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61901049","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321470","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3082022399.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3082022399.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":30,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1936714692","https://openalex.org/W2076705731","https://openalex.org/W2108598243","https://openalex.org/W2163605009","https://openalex.org/W2298692413","https://openalex.org/W2407521645","https://openalex.org/W2738088905","https://openalex.org/W2740819638","https://openalex.org/W2765811365","https://openalex.org/W2792124446","https://openalex.org/W2887770386","https://openalex.org/W2902556054","https://openalex.org/W2940010537","https://openalex.org/W2940542567","https://openalex.org/W2941814132","https://openalex.org/W2944605902","https://openalex.org/W2961105531","https://openalex.org/W2974420514","https://openalex.org/W2979314512","https://openalex.org/W2984834466","https://openalex.org/W2997725121","https://openalex.org/W3003598450","https://openalex.org/W3043547428","https://openalex.org/W3101333263","https://openalex.org/W4285664176","https://openalex.org/W4288313418","https://openalex.org/W6713134421","https://openalex.org/W6718379498","https://openalex.org/W6735913928","https://openalex.org/W6769090698"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2530685530","https://openalex.org/W4375868962","https://openalex.org/W2088854863","https://openalex.org/W2011227383","https://openalex.org/W2065606036","https://openalex.org/W1976719989","https://openalex.org/W2942893872","https://openalex.org/W3179495260","https://openalex.org/W3127543252","https://openalex.org/W2016904525"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Radio":[0],"frequency":[1],"interference,":[2],"which":[3],"makes":[4],"it":[5],"difficult":[6],"to":[7,30,57,72,100],"produce":[8],"high-quality":[9,124],"radar":[10,94,125],"spectrograms,":[11],"is":[12,55,70,80],"a":[13,27,49,64],"major":[14],"issue":[15],"for":[16],"micro-Doppler-based":[17],"human":[18],"activity":[19],"recognition":[20],"(HAR).":[21],"In":[22],"this":[23],"paper,":[24],"we":[25,40],"propose":[26],"deep-learning-based":[28],"method":[29,117],"detect":[31,58],"and":[32,59,91,110,122],"cut":[33],"out":[34],"the":[35,42,45,61,74,77,83,92,102,115,120,128,133,136],"interference":[36,97,121],"in":[37,44],"spectrograms.":[38,126],"Then,":[39,63],"restore":[41,73,123],"spectrograms":[43,90,95],"cut-out":[46],"region.":[47],"First,":[48],"fully":[50],"convolutional":[51],"neural":[52],"network":[53,68],"(FCN)":[54],"employed":[56],"remove":[60],"interference.":[62],"coarse-to-fine":[65],"generative":[66],"adversarial":[67],"(GAN)":[69],"proposed":[71,103,116,137],"part":[75],"of":[76,135],"spectrogram":[78],"that":[79,114],"affected":[81],"by":[82],"interferences.":[84],"The":[85],"simulated":[86],"motion":[87],"capture":[88],"(MOCAP)":[89],"measured":[93],"with":[96],"are":[98],"used":[99],"verify":[101],"method.":[104],"Experimental":[105],"results":[106],"from":[107],"both":[108],"qualitative":[109],"quantitative":[111],"perspectives":[112],"show":[113],"can":[118],"mitigate":[119],"Furthermore,":[127],"comparison":[129],"experiments":[130],"also":[131],"demonstrate":[132],"efficiency":[134],"approach.":[138]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-07-22T07:51:19.307946","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
