{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3069229004","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s20174713","title":"High Sensitivity Microfiber Interferometer Sensor in Aqueous Solution","display_name":"High Sensitivity Microfiber Interferometer Sensor in Aqueous Solution","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-08-21","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3069229004","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s20174713","mag":"3069229004","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32825539"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s20174713","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s20174713","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/20/17/4713/pdf?version=1597979679","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"letter","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/20/17/4713/pdf?version=1597979679","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060281529","display_name":"Saad Hayatu Girei","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130343225","display_name":"Universiti Putra Malaysia","ror":"https://ror.org/02e91jd64","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130343225"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Saad Hayatu Girei","raw_affiliation_strings":["Wireless and Photonics Networks Research Centre, University Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7038-0972","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Wireless and Photonics Networks Research Centre, University Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130343225"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055023067","display_name":"\u202cHong Ngee Lim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2436-8953"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130343225","display_name":"Universiti Putra Malaysia","ror":"https://ror.org/02e91jd64","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130343225"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hong Ngee Lim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2436-8953","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130343225"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051325786","display_name":"Muhammad Zamharir Ahmad","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5109-2118"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I72600253","display_name":"Malaysian Agricultural Research and Development Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/04sky4s35","country_code":"MY","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I72600253"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad Zamharir Ahmad","raw_affiliation_strings":["Biotechnology and Nanotechnology Research Centre, MARDI Headquarters, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Biotechnology and Nanotechnology Research Centre, MARDI Headquarters, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I72600253"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076713388","display_name":"Mohd Adzir Mahdi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2843-181X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130343225","display_name":"Universiti Putra Malaysia","ror":"https://ror.org/02e91jd64","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130343225"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohd Adzir Mahdi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Wireless and Photonics Networks Research Centre, University Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Wireless and Photonics Networks Research Centre, University Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130343225"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012327354","display_name":"Ahmad Rifqi Md Zain","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4611-341X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I885383172","display_name":"National University of Malaysia","ror":"https://ror.org/00bw8d226","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I885383172"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ahmad Rifqi Md Zain","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Microengineering and Nanoelectronics (IMEN), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Bangi 43650, Selangor, Malaysia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Microengineering and Nanoelectronics (IMEN), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Bangi 43650, Selangor, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I885383172"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038498298","display_name":"Mohd Hanif Yaacob","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3026-3202"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130343225","display_name":"Universiti Putra Malaysia","ror":"https://ror.org/02e91jd64","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130343225"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mohd Hanif Yaacob","raw_affiliation_strings":["Wireless and Photonics Networks Research Centre, University Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3026-3202","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Wireless and Photonics Networks Research Centre, University Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130343225"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5038498298"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130343225"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":1.2482,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":20,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.79751762,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"20","issue":"17","first_page":"4713","last_page":"4713"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10205","display_name":"Advanced Fiber Optic Sensors","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10205","display_name":"Advanced Fiber Optic Sensors","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10299","display_name":"Photonic and Optical Devices","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11472","display_name":"Analytical Chemistry and Sensors","score":0.9944999814033508,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1502","display_name":"Bioengineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/15","display_name":"Chemical Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microfiber","display_name":"Microfiber","score":0.9555108547210693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interferometry","display_name":"Interferometry","score":0.8271418809890747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sensitivity","display_name":"Sensitivity (control systems)","score":0.703270673751831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aqueous-solution","display_name":"Aqueous solution","score":0.6667883992195129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.5691133141517639},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.5231529474258423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optical-sensing","display_name":"Optical sensing","score":0.4419131278991699},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optoelectronics","display_name":"Optoelectronics","score":0.2770451307296753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.2302093803882599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chemistry","display_name":"Chemistry","score":0.2275761067867279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/composite-material","display_name":"Composite material","score":0.22355762124061584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.20300161838531494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.13162347674369812}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12820456","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q920873","display_name":"Microfiber","level":2,"score":0.9555108547210693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166689943","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q850283","display_name":"Interferometry","level":2,"score":0.8271418809890747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21200559","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7451068","display_name":"Sensitivity (control systems)","level":2,"score":0.703270673751831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184651966","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q906356","display_name":"Aqueous solution","level":2,"score":0.6667883992195129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.5691133141517639},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.5231529474258423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2989271610","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q209121","display_name":"Optical sensing","level":2,"score":0.4419131278991699},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.2770451307296753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2302093803882599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.2275761067867279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.22355762124061584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.20300161838531494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.13162347674369812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147789679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11372","display_name":"Physical chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":6,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s20174713","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s20174713","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/20/17/4713/pdf?version=1597979679","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:32825539","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32825539","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:psasir.upm.edu.my:89184","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":"http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/89184/1/FIBER.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196260","display_name":"Universiti Putra Malaysia Institutional Repository (Universiti Putra Malaysia)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I130343225","host_organization_name":"Universiti Putra Malaysia","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130343225"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"PeerReviewed"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:0064d8a5c10b4df2a5bef3a807fa40b0","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/0064d8a5c10b4df2a5bef3a807fa40b0","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 20, Iss 17, p 4713 (2020)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/20/17/4713/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20174713","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors; Volume 20; Issue 17; Pages: 4713","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:7506984","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/7506984","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s20174713","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s20174713","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/20/17/4713/pdf?version=1597979679","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Clean water and sanitation","score":0.5699999928474426,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/6"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322714","display_name":"Universiti Putra Malaysia","ror":"https://ror.org/02e91jd64"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3069229004.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3069229004.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1970430672","https://openalex.org/W1979662252","https://openalex.org/W2001000425","https://openalex.org/W2015103201","https://openalex.org/W2050310805","https://openalex.org/W2051255224","https://openalex.org/W2055717609","https://openalex.org/W2090448769","https://openalex.org/W2122514896","https://openalex.org/W2145700019","https://openalex.org/W2258051214","https://openalex.org/W2324560899","https://openalex.org/W2551335341","https://openalex.org/W2564201454","https://openalex.org/W2569336179","https://openalex.org/W2771862686","https://openalex.org/W2791270922","https://openalex.org/W2810474946","https://openalex.org/W2890579818","https://openalex.org/W2891473074","https://openalex.org/W2897551546","https://openalex.org/W6755338513"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3116200264","https://openalex.org/W3122805758","https://openalex.org/W2766890288","https://openalex.org/W2901093744","https://openalex.org/W2018710254","https://openalex.org/W4385305524","https://openalex.org/W2554930392","https://openalex.org/W1967351733","https://openalex.org/W2121466193","https://openalex.org/W3173139786"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,74,102,133,163,181,203],"need":[1],"for":[2,17,46,107,226],"environmental":[3,36],"protection":[4],"and":[5,63,153,228],"water":[6,33,52,115,230],"pollution":[7],"control":[8],"has":[9],"led":[10],"to":[11,78,91,143,199],"the":[12,69,79,92,95,99,117,130,141,171,186,194,210,213,218],"development":[13],"of":[14,21,32,82,94,111,140,166,190,221],"different":[15,148],"sensors":[16],"determining":[18],"many":[19],"kinds":[20],"pollutants":[22],"in":[23,35,51,114,116,185,212],"water.":[24],"Ammonia":[25],"nitrogen":[26,49,113,161,188,207],"presence":[27],"is":[28,72,76,105,174,183],"an":[29],"important":[30],"indicator":[31],"quality":[34],"monitoring":[37,47],"applications.":[38],"In":[39],"this":[40,222],"paper,":[41],"a":[42,54,60,64,86,108,125],"high":[43],"sensitivity":[44,165],"sensor":[45,61,104,225],"ammonia":[48,112,160,187,206],"concentration":[50,110,205],"using":[53],"tapered":[55],"microfiber":[56],"interferometer":[57],"(MFI)":[58],"as":[59,68],"platform":[62],"broad":[65,134],"supercontinuum":[66,131],"laser":[67],"light":[70],"source":[71,135],"realized.":[73],"MFI":[75,103,142,211],"fabricated":[77],"waist":[80],"diameter":[81],"8":[83],"\u00b5m":[84],"producing":[85],"strong":[87],"interference":[88],"pattern":[89],"due":[90],"coupling":[93],"fundamental":[96],"mode":[97],"with":[98,124,193],"cladding":[100],"mode.":[101],"investigated":[106],"low":[109,204],"wide":[118],"wavelength":[119,172],"range":[120,189],"from":[121],"1500-1800":[122],"nm":[123,178],"high-power":[126],"signal":[127],"provided":[128],"by":[129,209],"source.":[132],"allows":[136],"optical":[137,223],"sensing":[138],"characteristics":[139],"be":[144,200],"evaluated":[145],"at":[146,176],"four":[147],"wavelengths":[149],"(1505,":[150],"1605,":[151],"1705,":[152],"1785":[154,177],"nm)":[155],"upon":[156],"exposure":[157],"towards":[158],"various":[159],"concentrations.":[162],"highest":[164],"0.099":[167],"nm/ppm":[168],"that":[169],"indicates":[170],"shift":[173],"observed":[175],"operating":[179],"wavelength.":[180],"response":[182],"linear":[184],"5-30":[191],"ppm":[192],"best":[195],"measurement":[196],"resolution":[197],"calculated":[198],"0.5":[201],"ppm.":[202],"detected":[208],"unique":[214],"infrared":[215],"region":[216],"reveals":[217],"potential":[219],"application":[220],"fiber-based":[224],"rivers":[227],"drinking":[229],"monitoring.":[231]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-06T08:25:59.206177","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}