{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3048092894","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s20164428","title":"Analytical Study of Front-End Circuits Coupled to Silicon Photomultipliers for Timing Performance Estimation under the Influence of Parasitic Components","display_name":"Analytical Study of Front-End Circuits Coupled to Silicon Photomultipliers for Timing Performance Estimation under the Influence of Parasitic Components","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-08-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3048092894","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s20164428","mag":"3048092894","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32784392"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s20164428","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s20164428","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/20/16/4428/pdf?version=1596874514","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/20/16/4428/pdf?version=1596874514","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034881707","display_name":"P.A.P. Cal\u00f2","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4666-7364"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I68618741","display_name":"Polytechnic University of Bari","ror":"https://ror.org/03c44v465","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I68618741"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Pietro Antonio Paolo Cal\u00f2","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Information Engineering, Politecnico di Bari, via E. Orabona 4, I-70125 Bari, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4666-7364","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Information Engineering, Politecnico di Bari, via E. Orabona 4, I-70125 Bari, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I68618741"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012040267","display_name":"Savino Petrignani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5016-0032"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I68618741","display_name":"Polytechnic University of Bari","ror":"https://ror.org/03c44v465","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I68618741"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Savino Petrignani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Information Engineering, Politecnico di Bari, via E. Orabona 4, I-70125 Bari, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5016-0032","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Information Engineering, Politecnico di Bari, via E. Orabona 4, I-70125 Bari, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I68618741"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007647336","display_name":"Michele Di Gioia","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I68618741","display_name":"Polytechnic University of Bari","ror":"https://ror.org/03c44v465","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I68618741"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michele Di Gioia","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Information Engineering, Politecnico di Bari, via E. Orabona 4, I-70125 Bari, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Information Engineering, Politecnico di Bari, via E. Orabona 4, I-70125 Bari, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I68618741"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090082615","display_name":"C. Marzocca","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2804-2275"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I68618741","display_name":"Polytechnic University of Bari","ror":"https://ror.org/03c44v465","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I68618741"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Cristoforo Marzocca","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Information Engineering, Politecnico di Bari, via E. Orabona 4, I-70125 Bari, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Information Engineering, Politecnico di Bari, via E. Orabona 4, I-70125 Bari, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I68618741"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5034881707","https://openalex.org/A5090082615"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I68618741"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":0.2547,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.57877066,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"20","issue":"16","first_page":"4428","last_page":"4428"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11216","display_name":"Radiation Detection and Scintillator Technologies","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3108","display_name":"Radiation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11216","display_name":"Radiation Detection and Scintillator Technologies","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3108","display_name":"Radiation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12153","display_name":"Advanced Optical Sensing Technologies","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3105","display_name":"Instrumentation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11993","display_name":"Atomic and Subatomic Physics Research","score":0.996999979019165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/silicon-photomultiplier","display_name":"Silicon photomultiplier","score":0.9399398565292358},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/preamplifier","display_name":"Preamplifier","score":0.7556338310241699},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/front-and-back-ends","display_name":"Front and back ends","score":0.6086028814315796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/detector","display_name":"Detector","score":0.6070629954338074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronics","display_name":"Electronics","score":0.5775460600852966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bipolar-junction-transistor","display_name":"Bipolar junction transistor","score":0.47587624192237854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-circuit","display_name":"Electronic circuit","score":0.4449816346168518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.4304875135421753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inductance","display_name":"Inductance","score":0.4260146915912628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transistor","display_name":"Transistor","score":0.36029890179634094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3550034761428833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.32359546422958374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.290971040725708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/amplifier","display_name":"Amplifier","score":0.11282199621200562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.1038425862789154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scintillator","display_name":"Scintillator","score":0.08003869652748108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cmos","display_name":"CMOS","score":0.07868310809135437}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104335537","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1085747","display_name":"Silicon photomultiplier","level":4,"score":0.9399398565292358},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14245642","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q399804","display_name":"Preamplifier","level":4,"score":0.7556338310241699},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53016008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q620167","display_name":"Front and back ends","level":2,"score":0.6086028814315796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94915269","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1834857","display_name":"Detector","level":2,"score":0.6070629954338074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138331895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11650","display_name":"Electronics","level":2,"score":0.5775460600852966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23061349","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188946","display_name":"Bipolar junction transistor","level":4,"score":0.47587624192237854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134146338","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1815901","display_name":"Electronic circuit","level":2,"score":0.4449816346168518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.4304875135421753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29210110","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177897","display_name":"Inductance","level":3,"score":0.4260146915912628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172385210","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5339","display_name":"Transistor","level":3,"score":0.36029890179634094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3550034761428833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.32359546422958374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.290971040725708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194257627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q211554","display_name":"Amplifier","level":3,"score":0.11282199621200562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.1038425862789154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161694136","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q910990","display_name":"Scintillator","level":3,"score":0.08003869652748108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46362747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173431","display_name":"CMOS","level":2,"score":0.07868310809135437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s20164428","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s20164428","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/20/16/4428/pdf?version=1596874514","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:32784392","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32784392","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:3305afc2a12a4cb692e90032415c1cf2","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/3305afc2a12a4cb692e90032415c1cf2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 20, Iss 16, p 4428 (2020)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/20/16/4428/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20164428","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors; Volume 20; Issue 16; Pages: 4428","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:7472482","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/7472482","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s20164428","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s20164428","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/20/16/4428/pdf?version=1596874514","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3048092894.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3048092894.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":28,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1611437588","https://openalex.org/W1976698362","https://openalex.org/W1976894319","https://openalex.org/W2007145225","https://openalex.org/W2033036814","https://openalex.org/W2058701508","https://openalex.org/W2090610995","https://openalex.org/W2096602495","https://openalex.org/W2168925398","https://openalex.org/W2208329266","https://openalex.org/W2337318563","https://openalex.org/W2495682353","https://openalex.org/W2505378457","https://openalex.org/W2529588622","https://openalex.org/W2548046954","https://openalex.org/W2548574039","https://openalex.org/W2606404237","https://openalex.org/W2769132946","https://openalex.org/W2772512523","https://openalex.org/W2775645691","https://openalex.org/W2790035323","https://openalex.org/W2888185115","https://openalex.org/W2893908773","https://openalex.org/W2901179532","https://openalex.org/W2908556374","https://openalex.org/W2940122918","https://openalex.org/W3015981692","https://openalex.org/W6761420493"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1122808991","https://openalex.org/W2191527367","https://openalex.org/W2090711137","https://openalex.org/W1988727626","https://openalex.org/W2921440212","https://openalex.org/W2038165008","https://openalex.org/W2771034502","https://openalex.org/W3099032982","https://openalex.org/W2495262935","https://openalex.org/W1982117021"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Full":[0],"exploitation":[1],"of":[2,8,21,40,62,73,77,97,100,106,117],"the":[3,27,30,33,38,41,46,59,67,74,78,81,86,95,101,104,112,115,118,121,124,131],"intrinsic":[4],"fast":[5],"timing":[6,47],"capabilities":[7],"analog":[9],"silicon":[10],"photomultipliers":[11],"(SiPMs)":[12],"requires":[13],"suitable":[14],"front-end":[15,68,125,142],"electronics.":[16,126],"Even":[17],"a":[18,22,54,63,71,141,149,156,164],"parasitic":[19,87],"inductance":[20],"few":[23],"nH,":[24],"associated":[25],"to":[26,66,93,110,155],"interconnections":[28],"between":[29],"SiPM":[31,64,161],"and":[32,80,109,120],"preamplifier,":[34,82],"can":[35],"significantly":[36],"degrade":[37],"steepness":[39],"detector":[42,79],"response,":[43],"thus":[44],"compromising":[45],"accuracy.":[48],"In":[49],"this":[50],"work,":[51],"we":[52],"propose":[53],"simple":[55],"analytic":[56],"expression":[57],"for":[58,123],"single-photon":[60],"response":[61,108],"coupled":[65,154],"electronics,":[69],"as":[70],"function":[72],"main":[75],"parameters":[76],"taking":[83],"into":[84],"account":[85],"inductance.":[88],"The":[89,127],"model":[90,132],"is":[91],"useful":[92],"evaluate":[94],"influence":[96],"each":[98],"parameter":[99],"system":[102],"on":[103,148],"slope":[105],"its":[107],"guide":[111],"designer":[113],"in":[114],"definition":[116],"architecture":[119],"specifications":[122],"results":[128],"provided":[129],"by":[130,163],"have":[133],"been":[134],"successfully":[135],"compared":[136],"with":[137,144],"experimental":[138],"measurements":[139],"from":[140],"circuit":[143],"variable":[145],"configuration":[146],"based":[147],"bipolar":[150],"junction":[151],"transistor":[152],"(BJT),":[153],"3":[157,159],"\u00d7":[158],"mm2":[160],"stimulated":[162],"fast-pulsed":[165],"laser":[166],"source.":[167]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
