{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3047186534","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s20154335","title":"10 MHz Thin-Film PZT-Based Flexible PMUT Array: Finite Element Design and Characterization","display_name":"10 MHz Thin-Film PZT-Based Flexible PMUT Array: Finite Element Design and Characterization","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-08-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3047186534","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s20154335","mag":"3047186534"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s20154335","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s20154335","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/20/15/4335/pdf?version=1596787585","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/20/15/4335/pdf?version=1596787585","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074502293","display_name":"Jeong Nyeon Kim","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130769515","display_name":"Pennsylvania State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04p491231","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jeong Nyeon Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056498191","display_name":"Tianning Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1910-1656"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130769515","display_name":"Pennsylvania State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04p491231","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tianning Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059843180","display_name":"Thomas N. Jackson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2272-5830"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130769515","display_name":"Pennsylvania State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04p491231","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thomas N. Jackson","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111514208","display_name":"Kyusun Choi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130769515","display_name":"Pennsylvania State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04p491231","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kyusun Choi","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032028141","display_name":"Susan Trolier\u2010McKinstry","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7267-9281"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130769515","display_name":"Pennsylvania State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04p491231","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Susan Trolier-McKinstry","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7267-9281","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109247395","display_name":"Richard L. Tutwiler","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130769515","display_name":"Pennsylvania State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04p491231","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Richard L. Tutwiler","raw_affiliation_strings":["Applied Research Laboratory, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Applied Research Laboratory, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103608475","display_name":"Judith A. Todd","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-3449-099X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130769515","display_name":"Pennsylvania State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04p491231","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Judith A. Todd","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5103608475"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":1.0614,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":16,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.7212685,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"20","issue":"15","first_page":"4335","last_page":"4335"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10662","display_name":"Ultrasonics and Acoustic Wave Propagation","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2211","display_name":"Mechanics of Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10662","display_name":"Ultrasonics and Acoustic Wave Propagation","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2211","display_name":"Mechanics of Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10727","display_name":"Ultrasound Imaging and Elastography","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11160","display_name":"Acoustic Wave Resonator Technologies","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.7806962728500366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pmut","display_name":"PMUT","score":0.7401517629623413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lead-zirconate-titanate","display_name":"Lead zirconate titanate","score":0.7134463787078857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/center-frequency","display_name":"Center frequency","score":0.7066975235939026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/piezoelectricity","display_name":"Piezoelectricity","score":0.6237737536430359},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustics","display_name":"Acoustics","score":0.47503000497817993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ultrasonic-sensor","display_name":"Ultrasonic sensor","score":0.464909166097641},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transducer","display_name":"Transducer","score":0.4378807842731476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optoelectronics","display_name":"Optoelectronics","score":0.39783722162246704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.3603052496910095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ferroelectricity","display_name":"Ferroelectricity","score":0.17539691925048828},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dielectric","display_name":"Dielectric","score":0.17057839035987854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.14167964458465576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/band-pass-filter","display_name":"Band-pass filter","score":0.09904459118843079},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/composite-material","display_name":"Composite material","score":0.09470579028129578}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.7806962728500366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57693265","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17105295","display_name":"PMUT","level":3,"score":0.7401517629623413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781128178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q883484","display_name":"Lead zirconate titanate","level":4,"score":0.7134463787078857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C7054721","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1940572","display_name":"Center frequency","level":3,"score":0.7066975235939026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100082104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183759","display_name":"Piezoelectricity","level":2,"score":0.6237737536430359},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.47503000497817993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81288441","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20736125","display_name":"Ultrasonic sensor","level":2,"score":0.464909166097641},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56318395","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q215928","display_name":"Transducer","level":2,"score":0.4378807842731476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.39783722162246704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.3603052496910095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79090758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1045739","display_name":"Ferroelectricity","level":3,"score":0.17539691925048828},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133386390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184996","display_name":"Dielectric","level":2,"score":0.17057839035987854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.14167964458465576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147788027","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2718101","display_name":"Band-pass filter","level":2,"score":0.09904459118843079},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.09470579028129578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s20154335","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s20154335","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/20/15/4335/pdf?version=1596787585","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:d639194b4f5d43e7b1a32442058d315f","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/d639194b4f5d43e7b1a32442058d315f","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 20, Iss 15, p 4335 (2020)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/20/15/4335/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20154335","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors; Volume 20; Issue 15; Pages: 4335","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:7435793","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/7435793","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s20154335","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s20154335","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/20/15/4335/pdf?version=1596787585","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3047186534.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":44,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1750564206","https://openalex.org/W1919980451","https://openalex.org/W1978685500","https://openalex.org/W1989651585","https://openalex.org/W1999509110","https://openalex.org/W2012779095","https://openalex.org/W2018409502","https://openalex.org/W2019123650","https://openalex.org/W2023325937","https://openalex.org/W2026365929","https://openalex.org/W2040658833","https://openalex.org/W2041181499","https://openalex.org/W2044680521","https://openalex.org/W2065829652","https://openalex.org/W2072840621","https://openalex.org/W2076566337","https://openalex.org/W2087921477","https://openalex.org/W2090158643","https://openalex.org/W2091031501","https://openalex.org/W2100771998","https://openalex.org/W2102423385","https://openalex.org/W2116241686","https://openalex.org/W2117433871","https://openalex.org/W2120356665","https://openalex.org/W2144208546","https://openalex.org/W2147634472","https://openalex.org/W2147946872","https://openalex.org/W2148411797","https://openalex.org/W2153853556","https://openalex.org/W2182747672","https://openalex.org/W2476858967","https://openalex.org/W2569232495","https://openalex.org/W2615710859","https://openalex.org/W2765973908","https://openalex.org/W2804868521","https://openalex.org/W2889039448","https://openalex.org/W2900516840","https://openalex.org/W2956114943","https://openalex.org/W3011221384","https://openalex.org/W3014596126","https://openalex.org/W4214912137","https://openalex.org/W6637556307","https://openalex.org/W6640455328","https://openalex.org/W6650417365"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2163627367","https://openalex.org/W1994673710","https://openalex.org/W4210541942","https://openalex.org/W2912807936","https://openalex.org/W2080895147","https://openalex.org/W2147060379","https://openalex.org/W2608441477","https://openalex.org/W2752812248","https://openalex.org/W4242358325","https://openalex.org/W2057950700"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Piezoelectric":[0],"micromachined":[1],"ultrasound":[2,18],"transducers":[3],"(PMUT)":[4],"incorporating":[5],"lead":[6],"zirconate":[7],"titanate":[8],"PbZr0.52Ti0.48O3":[9],"(PZT)":[10],"thin":[11],"films":[12],"were":[13],"investigated":[14],"for":[15,170],"miniaturized":[16],"high-frequency":[17],"systems.":[19],"A":[20,61,73,115],"recently":[21],"developed":[22],"process":[23],"to":[24,38,45,151,195],"remove":[25],"a":[26,55,89,99],"PMUT":[27,51,64,199],"from":[28,78],"an":[29],"underlying":[30],"silicon":[31],"(Si)":[32],"substrate":[33],"has":[34],"enabled":[35],"curved":[36],"arrays":[37,52],"be":[39,193],"readily":[40],"formed.":[41],"This":[42],"research":[43],"aimed":[44],"improve":[46],"the":[47,79,120],"design":[48,196],"of":[49,84,102,107,119,132,168,183,188],"flexible":[50,198],"using":[53],"PZFlex,":[54],"finite":[56],"element":[57],"method":[58],"software":[59],"package.":[60],"10":[62,103],"MHz":[63,104],"2D":[65,116,145],"array":[66,146],"working":[67],"in":[68,130],"3-1":[69],"mode":[70],"was":[71,76,126],"designed.":[72],"circular":[74],"unit-cell":[75],"structured":[77],"top,":[80],"with":[81],"concentric":[82],"layers":[83],"platinum":[85],"(Pt)/PZT/Pt/titanium":[86],"(Ti)":[87],"on":[88],"polyimide":[90],"(PI)":[91],"substrate.":[92],"Pulse-echo":[93],"and":[94,105,112,128,134,141,155,173,190],"spectral":[95,135],"response":[96],"analyses":[97],"predicted":[98],"center":[100],"frequency":[101],"bandwidth":[106,149],"87%":[108],"under":[109],"water":[110],"load":[111],"air":[113],"backing.":[114],"array,":[117],"consisting":[118],"256":[121],"(16":[122],"\u00d7":[123],"16)":[124],"unit-cells,":[125],"created":[127],"characterized":[129],"terms":[131],"pulse-echo":[133],"responses,":[136],"surface":[137],"displacement":[138],"profiles,":[139],"crosstalk,":[140],"beam":[142],"profiles.":[143],"The":[144],"showed:":[147],"decreased":[148],"due":[150],"protracted":[152],"oscillation":[153],"decay":[154],"guided":[156],"wave":[157],"effects;":[158],"mechanical":[159],"focal":[160],"length":[161],"at":[162],"2.9":[163],"mm;":[164],"3.7":[165],"mm":[166],"depth":[167,187],"field":[169],"-6":[171],"dB;":[172],"-55.6":[174],"dB":[175],"crosstalk.":[176],"Finite":[177],"element-based":[178],"virtual":[179],"prototyping":[180],"identified":[181],"figures":[182],"merit\u2014center":[184],"frequency,":[185],"bandwidth,":[186],"field,":[189],"crosstalk\u2014that":[191],"could":[192],"optimized":[194],"robust,":[197],"arrays.":[200]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-06-17T08:01:34.144755","created_date":"2020-08-10T00:00:00"}
