{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3046048340","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s20154235","title":"Multi-Target Joint Detection; Tracking and Classification Based on Marginal GLMB Filter and Belief Function Theory","display_name":"Multi-Target Joint Detection; Tracking and Classification Based on Marginal GLMB Filter and Belief Function Theory","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-07-29","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3046048340","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s20154235","mag":"3046048340","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32751386"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s20154235","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s20154235","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/20/15/4235/pdf?version=1596091816","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/20/15/4235/pdf?version=1596091816","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101519377","display_name":"Jun Liang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0120-9650"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I68581759","display_name":"China Academy of Launch Vehicle Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/012z62f48","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I68581759"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jun Liang","raw_affiliation_strings":["China Academy of Launch Vehicle Technology, Beijing 100076, China","School of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0120-9650","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"China Academy of Launch Vehicle Technology, Beijing 100076, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I68581759"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012986562","display_name":"Minzhe Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7168-6949"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Minzhe Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7168-6949","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032543777","display_name":"Zhongliang Jing","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1759-8785"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhongliang Jing","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103271991","display_name":"Han Pan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1574-3213"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Han Pan","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5012986562"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":0.408,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.69623399,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"20","issue":"15","first_page":"4235","last_page":"4235"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10711","display_name":"Target Tracking and Data Fusion in Sensor Networks","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10711","display_name":"Target Tracking and Data Fusion in Sensor Networks","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10320","display_name":"Neural Networks and Applications","score":0.9569000005722046,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10876","display_name":"Fault Detection and Control Systems","score":0.9531999826431274,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/classifier","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","score":0.6858777403831482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clutter","display_name":"Clutter","score":0.6681221723556519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6442933082580566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.5858799815177917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5342722535133362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/subspace-topology","display_name":"Subspace topology","score":0.5115528702735901},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.34002169966697693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.3355207145214081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar","display_name":"Radar","score":0.15100064873695374}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95623464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1096149","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","level":2,"score":0.6858777403831482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132094186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q641585","display_name":"Clutter","level":3,"score":0.6681221723556519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6442933082580566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5858799815177917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5342722535133362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32834561","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q660730","display_name":"Subspace topology","level":2,"score":0.5115528702735901},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.34002169966697693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3355207145214081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.15100064873695374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s20154235","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s20154235","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/20/15/4235/pdf?version=1596091816","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:32751386","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32751386","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:b537769c6cf74afba302419a28102ea9","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/b537769c6cf74afba302419a28102ea9","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 20, Iss 15, p 4235 (2020)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/20/15/4235/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20154235","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors; Volume 20; Issue 15; Pages: 4235","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:7435813","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/7435813","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s20154235","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s20154235","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/20/15/4235/pdf?version=1596091816","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","score":0.7900000214576721}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2417834588","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61673262","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5096601799","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61175028","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5756350263","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2019M651498","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321543","funder_display_name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5763453836","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61673262; 61175028","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8971398177","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61673262 and 61175028","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321543","display_name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/0426zh255"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3046048340.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3046048340.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":44,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W8398474","https://openalex.org/W48213915","https://openalex.org/W1482102093","https://openalex.org/W1980071818","https://openalex.org/W1983603022","https://openalex.org/W1988323692","https://openalex.org/W2000626938","https://openalex.org/W2004783587","https://openalex.org/W2012348964","https://openalex.org/W2027525246","https://openalex.org/W2031345909","https://openalex.org/W2031649236","https://openalex.org/W2031936349","https://openalex.org/W2039795705","https://openalex.org/W2049244691","https://openalex.org/W2066337195","https://openalex.org/W2066843515","https://openalex.org/W2080937366","https://openalex.org/W2091010478","https://openalex.org/W2110012495","https://openalex.org/W2120025612","https://openalex.org/W2121802707","https://openalex.org/W2123670003","https://openalex.org/W2125385358","https://openalex.org/W2149729344","https://openalex.org/W2154353836","https://openalex.org/W2171349495","https://openalex.org/W2407949990","https://openalex.org/W2480575800","https://openalex.org/W2510574469","https://openalex.org/W2735987981","https://openalex.org/W2743121948","https://openalex.org/W2751317550","https://openalex.org/W2885108343","https://openalex.org/W2900119399","https://openalex.org/W2920541662","https://openalex.org/W2954137266","https://openalex.org/W2962923976","https://openalex.org/W2963272312","https://openalex.org/W2967533163","https://openalex.org/W2995136401","https://openalex.org/W3034739212","https://openalex.org/W3035333384","https://openalex.org/W3098020076"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2130674020","https://openalex.org/W2093748878","https://openalex.org/W2333771223","https://openalex.org/W2120056845","https://openalex.org/W1981531423","https://openalex.org/W1679012645","https://openalex.org/W2070318884","https://openalex.org/W2011939812","https://openalex.org/W4253219045","https://openalex.org/W2049864679"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"proposes":[2],"a":[3,49,107,149],"new":[4],"solution":[5],"to":[6,36,99,185],"multi-target":[7,40,152,164],"joint":[8],"detection,":[9,165],"tracking":[10,139,166],"and":[11,20,44,78,103,126,132,140,156,167,189],"classification":[12,121,133,141,168],"based":[13,52,174],"on":[14,53,92,175],"labeled":[15,30],"random":[16],"finite":[17],"set":[18],"(RFS)":[19],"belief":[21,56],"function":[22],"theory.":[23],"A":[24],"class":[25,88],"dependent":[26,87],"multi-model":[27],"marginal":[28],"generalized":[29],"multi-Bernoulli":[31],"(MGLMB)":[32],"filter":[33],"is":[34,59,115,159,169],"developed":[35],"analytically":[37],"calculate":[38],"the":[39,69,75,83,85,93,110,113,120,130,138,147,187,192],"number,":[41],"state":[42,95],"estimates":[43],"model":[45,57,86],"probabilities.":[46],"In":[47,146],"addition,":[48],"two-level":[50],"classifier":[51,177],"continuous":[54,94],"transferable":[55],"(cTBM)":[58],"designed":[60],"for":[61,72,118],"target":[62],"classification.":[63],"To":[64],"make":[65],"full":[66],"use":[67],"of":[68,163,191],"kinematic":[70],"characteristics":[71],"classification,":[73],"both":[74,144],"dynamic":[76,101],"modes":[77,102],"states":[79],"are":[80,90,123,135,143,183],"considered":[81],"in":[82],"classifier,":[84],"beliefs":[89],"computed":[91],"feature":[96],"subspace":[97],"corresponding":[98],"different":[100],"then":[104],"fused.":[105],"As":[106],"result":[108],"that":[109],"uncertainty":[111],"about":[112],"classes":[114],"well":[116],"described":[117],"decision,":[119],"results":[122,182],"more":[124],"reasonable":[125],"robust.":[127],"Moreover,":[128],"as":[129],"estimation":[131],"problems":[134],"jointly":[136],"solved,":[137],"performance":[142,162],"improved.":[145],"simulation,":[148],"scenario":[150],"contains":[151],"with":[153],"miss":[154],"detection":[155],"dense":[157],"clutter":[158],"used.":[160],"The":[161],"better":[170],"than":[171],"traditional":[172],"methods":[173],"Bayesian":[176],"or":[178],"single":[179],"model.":[180],"Simulation":[181],"illustrated":[184],"demonstrate":[186],"effectiveness":[188],"superiority":[190],"proposed":[193],"algorithm.":[194]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-05-06T08:25:59.206177","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
