{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3036224372","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s20123470","title":"Detection of Ferric Ions and Catecholamine Neurotransmitters via Highly Fluorescent Heteroatom Co-Doped Carbon Dots","display_name":"Detection of Ferric Ions and Catecholamine Neurotransmitters via Highly Fluorescent Heteroatom Co-Doped Carbon Dots","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-06-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3036224372","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s20123470","mag":"3036224372","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32575578"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s20123470","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s20123470","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/20/12/3470/pdf?version=1592572511","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/20/12/3470/pdf?version=1592572511","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075928155","display_name":"Thi Hoa Le","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4882-8099"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12832649","display_name":"Gachon University","ror":"https://ror.org/03ryywt80","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12832649"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thi Hoa Le","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12832649"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078058155","display_name":"Hyun Jong Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6443-0902"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12832649","display_name":"Gachon University","ror":"https://ror.org/03ryywt80","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12832649"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hyun Jong Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12832649"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055571562","display_name":"Ji Hyeon Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3107-6548"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12832649","display_name":"Gachon University","ror":"https://ror.org/03ryywt80","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12832649"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ji Hyeon Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12832649"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101794581","display_name":"Sang Joon Park","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12832649","display_name":"Gachon University","ror":"https://ror.org/03ryywt80","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12832649"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Sang Joon Park","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12832649"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101794581"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12832649"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":1.3788,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":27,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.79539191,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"20","issue":"12","first_page":"3470","last_page":"3470"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11342","display_name":"Carbon and Quantum Dots Applications","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11342","display_name":"Carbon and Quantum Dots Applications","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12149","display_name":"Nanocluster Synthesis and Applications","score":0.9923999905586243,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10212","display_name":"Electrochemical sensors and biosensors","score":0.986299991607666,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fluorescence","display_name":"Fluorescence","score":0.8523945808410645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heteroatom","display_name":"Heteroatom","score":0.7063431739807129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-yield","display_name":"Quantum yield","score":0.6902480125427246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ferric","display_name":"Ferric","score":0.6400476694107056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chemistry","display_name":"Chemistry","score":0.5823143124580383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/carbon-fibers","display_name":"Carbon fibers","score":0.5719433426856995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/detection-limit","display_name":"Detection limit","score":0.5431245565414429},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ion","display_name":"Ion","score":0.45754051208496094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inorganic-chemistry","display_name":"Inorganic chemistry","score":0.3922465741634369},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/photochemistry","display_name":"Photochemistry","score":0.3895007371902466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/analytical-chemistry","display_name":"Analytical Chemistry (journal)","score":0.36319440603256226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.27303194999694824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chromatography","display_name":"Chromatography","score":0.16618600487709045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/organic-chemistry","display_name":"Organic chemistry","score":0.08434119820594788},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/composite-number","display_name":"Composite number","score":0.06808698177337646}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91881484","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q191807","display_name":"Fluorescence","level":2,"score":0.8523945808410645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20950531","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161940","display_name":"Heteroatom","level":3,"score":0.7063431739807129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171001562","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2856048","display_name":"Quantum yield","level":3,"score":0.6902480125427246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780534640","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3233795","display_name":"Ferric","level":2,"score":0.6400476694107056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.5823143124580383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140205800","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5860","display_name":"Carbon fibers","level":3,"score":0.5719433426856995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119128265","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q900165","display_name":"Detection limit","level":2,"score":0.5431245565414429},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145148216","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36496","display_name":"Ion","level":2,"score":0.45754051208496094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179104552","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11165","display_name":"Inorganic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.3922465741634369},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75473681","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188651","display_name":"Photochemistry","level":1,"score":0.3895007371902466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113196181","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q485223","display_name":"Analytical Chemistry (journal)","level":2,"score":0.36319440603256226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.27303194999694824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43617362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170050","display_name":"Chromatography","level":1,"score":0.16618600487709045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.08434119820594788},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104779481","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50707","display_name":"Composite number","level":2,"score":0.06808698177337646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780378348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25351438","display_name":"Ring (chemistry)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D002244","descriptor_name":"Carbon","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002244","descriptor_name":"Carbon","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002244","descriptor_name":"Carbon","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002244","descriptor_name":"Carbon","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002395","descriptor_name":"Catecholamines","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002395","descriptor_name":"Catecholamines","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002395","descriptor_name":"Catecholamines","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002395","descriptor_name":"Catecholamines","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005456","descriptor_name":"Fluorescent Dyes","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005456","descriptor_name":"Fluorescent Dyes","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005456","descriptor_name":"Fluorescent Dyes","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005456","descriptor_name":"Fluorescent Dyes","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007477","descriptor_name":"Ions","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007477","descriptor_name":"Ions","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007477","descriptor_name":"Ions","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007477","descriptor_name":"Ions","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009584","descriptor_name":"Nitrogen","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009584","descriptor_name":"Nitrogen","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009584","descriptor_name":"Nitrogen","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009584","descriptor_name":"Nitrogen","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018377","descriptor_name":"Neurotransmitter Agents","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D018377","descriptor_name":"Neurotransmitter Agents","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D018377","descriptor_name":"Neurotransmitter Agents","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D018377","descriptor_name":"Neurotransmitter Agents","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D045663","descriptor_name":"Quantum Dots","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D045663","descriptor_name":"Quantum Dots","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D045663","descriptor_name":"Quantum Dots","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D045663","descriptor_name":"Quantum Dots","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s20123470","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s20123470","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/20/12/3470/pdf?version=1592572511","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:32575578","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32575578","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:7be25d5620d34d39a8f16f3d94643a08","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/7be25d5620d34d39a8f16f3d94643a08","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 20, Iss 12, p 3470 (2020)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/20/12/3470/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20123470","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:7349486","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/7349486","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s20123470","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s20123470","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/20/12/3470/pdf?version=1592572511","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8796097441","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2019R1A6C1010016","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322111","funder_display_name":"Korea Basic Science Institute"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322111","display_name":"Korea Basic Science Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/0417sdw47"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3036224372.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3036224372.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":57,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1956600540","https://openalex.org/W1969663610","https://openalex.org/W1975327940","https://openalex.org/W1984986574","https://openalex.org/W1996645524","https://openalex.org/W1999807623","https://openalex.org/W2025946022","https://openalex.org/W2033012968","https://openalex.org/W2040558397","https://openalex.org/W2047816702","https://openalex.org/W2063719902","https://openalex.org/W2102208788","https://openalex.org/W2117529392","https://openalex.org/W2139096847","https://openalex.org/W2147112287","https://openalex.org/W2155611005","https://openalex.org/W2165111960","https://openalex.org/W2167950134","https://openalex.org/W2169444767","https://openalex.org/W2215077700","https://openalex.org/W2295516553","https://openalex.org/W2309865808","https://openalex.org/W2321426138","https://openalex.org/W2333244007","https://openalex.org/W2496479297","https://openalex.org/W2518764451","https://openalex.org/W2518863251","https://openalex.org/W2523347857","https://openalex.org/W2604552982","https://openalex.org/W2738491223","https://openalex.org/W2769354056","https://openalex.org/W2781354547","https://openalex.org/W2781747214","https://openalex.org/W2789950921","https://openalex.org/W2790373421","https://openalex.org/W2797405197","https://openalex.org/W2800115630","https://openalex.org/W2805588674","https://openalex.org/W2809555868","https://openalex.org/W2891199152","https://openalex.org/W2900401005","https://openalex.org/W2900920053","https://openalex.org/W2901048624","https://openalex.org/W2904021255","https://openalex.org/W2910159805","https://openalex.org/W2911814543","https://openalex.org/W2945866712","https://openalex.org/W2947025119","https://openalex.org/W2947116991","https://openalex.org/W2948144238","https://openalex.org/W2963511592","https://openalex.org/W2981643516","https://openalex.org/W2998834631","https://openalex.org/W3003649164","https://openalex.org/W3016883374","https://openalex.org/W4239409539","https://openalex.org/W6752453376"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2002749631","https://openalex.org/W2030801448","https://openalex.org/W2130045861","https://openalex.org/W2015186123","https://openalex.org/W2901899161","https://openalex.org/W2585931667","https://openalex.org/W2377128574","https://openalex.org/W2163377459","https://openalex.org/W2607076828","https://openalex.org/W4400250225"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Carbon":[0],"dots":[1,48],"(CDs)":[2],"demonstrate":[3],"very":[4],"poor":[5],"fluorescence":[6,86,112,136,158],"quantum":[7],"yield":[8],"(QY).":[9],"In":[10],"this":[11,146,180],"study,":[12],"with":[13,23,194,210],"the":[14,30,34,56,74,89,119,127,135,157,186,190,198],"help":[15],"of":[16,70,94,113,137,160,189,213,216],"a":[17,52,142,163,169,211],"hydrothermal":[18],"method,":[19],"we":[20,182],"combined":[21],"CDs":[22,71],"nitrogen":[24,43],"and":[25,44,91,98,108,118,175,218,223],"phosphorus":[26,45],"elements":[27],"belonging":[28],"to":[29,37,59,196],"VA":[31],"group":[32,192],"(in":[33],"periodic":[35],"table)":[36],"form":[38],"heteroatom":[39],"co-doped":[40,46],"CDs,":[41],"i.e.,":[42],"carbon":[47],"(NPCDs).":[49],"These":[50],"displayed":[51],"significant":[53],"improvement":[54],"in":[55,141,179],"QY":[57],"(up":[58],"84%),":[60],"which":[61],"was":[62,115,122,139],"as":[63,65,83,103,168,185],"much":[64],"four":[66],"times":[67],"than":[68],"that":[69,148],"synthesized":[72],"by":[73],"same":[75],"method.":[76],"The":[77,111,204],"as-prepared":[78],"NPCDs":[79,114,138,165],"could":[80,151],"be":[81,152],"used":[82],"an":[84],"\"off-on\"":[85],"detector":[87],"for":[88,173,221],"rapid":[90],"effective":[92],"sensing":[93,199],"ferric":[95],"ions":[96],"(Fe<sup>3+</sup>)":[97],"catecholamine":[99],"neurotransmitters":[100],"(CNs)":[101],"such":[102],"dopamine":[104],"(DA),":[105],"adrenaline":[106],"(AD),":[107],"noradrenaline":[109],"(NAD).":[110],"\"turned":[116],"off\"":[117],"emission":[120],"wavelength":[121],"slightly":[123],"red-shifted":[124],"upon":[125],"increasing":[126],"Fe<sup>3+</sup>":[128,174,195,222],"concentration.":[129],"However,":[130],"when":[131],"CNs":[132],"were":[133],"incorporated,":[134],"recovered":[140],"short":[143],"response":[144],"time;":[145],"indicated":[147],"CN":[149,176,191],"concentration":[150],"monitored,":[153],"relying":[154],"on":[155,202],"enhancing":[156],"signal":[159],"NPCDs.":[161,203],"As":[162],"result,":[164],"are":[166],"considered":[167],"potential":[170],"fluorescent":[171],"bi-sensor":[172],"detection.":[177],"Particularly,":[178],"research,":[181],"selected":[183],"DA":[184],"representative":[187],"neurotransmitter":[188],"along":[193],"study":[197],"system":[200],"based":[201],"results":[205],"exhibited":[206],"good":[207],"linear":[208],"ranges":[209],"limit":[212],"detection":[214],"(LOD)":[215],"0.2":[217],"0.1":[219],"\u00b5M":[220],"DA,":[224],"respectively.":[225]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":8}],"updated_date":"2026-03-26T15:22:09.906841","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}