{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3021014378","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s20092656","title":"Multi-Scale Global Contrast CNN for Salient Object Detection","display_name":"Multi-Scale Global Contrast CNN for Salient Object Detection","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-05-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3021014378","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s20092656","mag":"3021014378","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32384766"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s20092656","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s20092656","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/20/9/2656/pdf?version=1589273654","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/20/9/2656/pdf?version=1589273654","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070732947","display_name":"Weijia Feng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2362-1304"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I15062923","display_name":"Tianjin Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x2td559","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I15062923"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Weijia Feng","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer and Information Engineering, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China","Postdoctoral Innovation Practice Base, Huafa Industrial Share Co., Ltd., Zhuhai 519000, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer and Information Engineering, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I15062923"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Postdoctoral Innovation Practice Base, Huafa Industrial Share Co., Ltd., Zhuhai 519000, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100338520","display_name":"Xiaohui Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7377-1269"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I41198531","display_name":"Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/043bpky34","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I41198531"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaohui Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Wireless Laboratory of Jiangsu Province, School of Telecommunication and Information Engineering, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210003, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Wireless Laboratory of Jiangsu Province, School of Telecommunication and Information Engineering, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210003, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I41198531"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064489177","display_name":"Guangshuai Gao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5050-2311"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82880672","display_name":"Beihang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00wk2mp56","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guangshuai Gao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029390754","display_name":"Xingyue Chen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82880672","display_name":"Beihang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00wk2mp56","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xingyue Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056847110","display_name":"Qingjie Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5181-6451"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82880672","display_name":"Beihang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00wk2mp56","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qingjie Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hangzhou Innovation Institute, Beihang University, Hangzhou 310051, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hangzhou Innovation Institute, Beihang University, Hangzhou 310051, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5070732947"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I15062923"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":0.9808,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":11,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.77933992,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"20","issue":"9","first_page":"2656","last_page":"2656"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11605","display_name":"Visual Attention and Saliency Detection","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11605","display_name":"Visual Attention and Saliency Detection","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11165","display_name":"Image and Video Quality Assessment","score":0.9868999719619751,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11094","display_name":"Face Recognition and Perception","score":0.9797000288963318,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.8172842860221863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/contrast","display_name":"Contrast (vision)","score":0.8167572021484375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/salient","display_name":"Salient","score":0.740369439125061},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7302186489105225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","score":0.6480605602264404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.6090317368507385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.5961238741874695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visualization","display_name":"Visualization","score":0.5022914409637451},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pixel","display_name":"Pixel","score":0.4945797622203827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kadir\u2013brady-saliency-detector","display_name":"Kadir\u2013Brady saliency detector","score":0.4508292078971863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scale","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","score":0.4174674451351166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object","display_name":"Object (grammar)","score":0.4146726727485657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object-detection","display_name":"Object detection","score":0.40156954526901245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.09721028804779053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cartography","display_name":"Cartography","score":0.0673929750919342}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.8172842860221863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776502983","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q690182","display_name":"Contrast (vision)","level":2,"score":0.8167572021484375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780719617","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1030752","display_name":"Salient","level":2,"score":0.740369439125061},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7302186489105225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.6480605602264404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.6090317368507385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.5961238741874695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36464697","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q451553","display_name":"Visualization","level":2,"score":0.5022914409637451},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160633673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q355198","display_name":"Pixel","level":2,"score":0.4945797622203827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202227193","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6345568","display_name":"Kadir\u2013Brady saliency detector","level":4,"score":0.4508292078971863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778755073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10858537","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","level":2,"score":0.4174674451351166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781238097","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175026","display_name":"Object (grammar)","level":2,"score":0.4146726727485657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776151529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3045304","display_name":"Object detection","level":3,"score":0.40156954526901245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.09721028804779053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58640448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42515","display_name":"Cartography","level":1,"score":0.0673929750919342}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s20092656","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s20092656","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/20/9/2656/pdf?version=1589273654","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:32384766","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32384766","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:86ecd9e841934c5fa614c8330a665952","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/86ecd9e841934c5fa614c8330a665952","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 20, Iss 9, p 2656 (2020)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/20/9/2656/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20092656","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:7248752","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/7248752","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s20092656","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s20092656","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/20/9/2656/pdf?version=1589273654","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.75,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8841883960","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61602345","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":71,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W845365781","https://openalex.org/W1686810756","https://openalex.org/W1772076007","https://openalex.org/W1903029394","https://openalex.org/W1905882502","https://openalex.org/W1942214758","https://openalex.org/W1947031653","https://openalex.org/W1974536722","https://openalex.org/W1982075130","https://openalex.org/W1994922096","https://openalex.org/W1996326832","https://openalex.org/W2002781701","https://openalex.org/W2011900468","https://openalex.org/W2014558261","https://openalex.org/W2037954058","https://openalex.org/W2039313011","https://openalex.org/W2047670868","https://openalex.org/W2065985528","https://openalex.org/W2078903912","https://openalex.org/W2086791339","https://openalex.org/W2100470808","https://openalex.org/W2102605133","https://openalex.org/W2108598243","https://openalex.org/W2124321291","https://openalex.org/W2128272608","https://openalex.org/W2135957164","https://openalex.org/W2149095485","https://openalex.org/W2156777442","https://openalex.org/W2161185676","https://openalex.org/W2211996548","https://openalex.org/W2293332611","https://openalex.org/W2338972621","https://openalex.org/W2346506533","https://openalex.org/W2472480899","https://openalex.org/W2518599539","https://openalex.org/W2565639579","https://openalex.org/W2604855608","https://openalex.org/W2619387376","https://openalex.org/W2740248187","https://openalex.org/W2757028014","https://openalex.org/W2765082222","https://openalex.org/W2793847580","https://openalex.org/W2804610335","https://openalex.org/W2885702376","https://openalex.org/W2914856806","https://openalex.org/W2938260698","https://openalex.org/W2944195984","https://openalex.org/W2944209449","https://openalex.org/W2948300571","https://openalex.org/W2949370174","https://openalex.org/W2950079913","https://openalex.org/W2950891598","https://openalex.org/W2963334022","https://openalex.org/W2963529609","https://openalex.org/W2963706010","https://openalex.org/W2963868681","https://openalex.org/W2963906836","https://openalex.org/W2965638232","https://openalex.org/W2986825110","https://openalex.org/W2987701848","https://openalex.org/W2989907986","https://openalex.org/W2999281281","https://openalex.org/W3002301267","https://openalex.org/W3104979525","https://openalex.org/W3119348108","https://openalex.org/W4213078714","https://openalex.org/W4229446756","https://openalex.org/W4239147634","https://openalex.org/W6649627412","https://openalex.org/W6676297131","https://openalex.org/W6680437723"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1981354176","https://openalex.org/W1510463930","https://openalex.org/W2351778949","https://openalex.org/W2381059340","https://openalex.org/W1966025376","https://openalex.org/W1967391339","https://openalex.org/W2585171544","https://openalex.org/W2145475630","https://openalex.org/W2082401147","https://openalex.org/W2808275385"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Salient":[0],"object":[1,101,170],"detection":[2,171],"(SOD)":[3],"is":[4,39,133],"a":[5],"fundamental":[6],"task":[7],"in":[8,29,44],"computer":[9],"vision,":[10],"which":[11],"attempts":[12],"to":[13,21,97,105,116,165],"mimic":[14],"human":[15],"visual":[16,22,37,46,62],"systems":[17],"that":[18,36,83,112,150,159],"rapidly":[19],"respond":[20],"stimuli":[23],"and":[24,67,91,120],"locate":[25],"visually":[26],"salient":[27,65,100,169],"objects":[28],"various":[30],"scenes.":[31],"Perceptual":[32],"studies":[33],"have":[34],"revealed":[35],"contrast":[38,63,78,87,104],"the":[40,51,59,151],"most":[41],"important":[42],"factor":[43],"bottom-up":[45],"attention":[47],"process.":[48],"Many":[49],"of":[50,61,94,167],"proposed":[52,152],"models":[53],"predict":[54],"saliency":[55,110,128,145,157],"maps":[56,129,158],"based":[57,109],"on":[58],"computation":[60],"between":[64],"regions":[66,119],"backgrounds.":[68],"In":[69,103],"this":[70],"paper,":[71],"we":[72],"design":[73],"an":[74,95],"end-to-end":[75],"multi-scale":[76],"global":[77,90],"convolutional":[79],"neural":[80],"network":[81,132,153],"(CNN)":[82],"explicitly":[84],"learns":[85],"hierarchical":[86],"information":[88],"among":[89],"local":[92],"features":[93,125],"image":[96],"infer":[98],"its":[99],"regions.":[102],"many":[106],"previous":[107],"CNN":[108,124],"methods":[111],"apply":[113],"super-pixel":[114],"segmentation":[115],"obtain":[117],"homogeneous":[118],"then":[121],"extract":[122],"their":[123],"before":[126],"producing":[127],"region-wise,":[130],"our":[131],"pre-processing":[134],"free":[135],"without":[136],"any":[137],"additional":[138],"stages,":[139],"yet":[140],"it":[141],"predicts":[142],"accurate":[143],"pixel-wise":[144],"maps.":[146],"Extensive":[147],"experiments":[148],"demonstrate":[149],"generates":[154],"high":[155],"quality":[156],"are":[160],"comparable":[161],"or":[162],"even":[163],"superior":[164],"those":[166],"state-of-the-art":[168],"architectures.":[172]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
