{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3088618883","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s20092629","title":"Mobility Prediction-Based Optimisation and Encryption of Passenger Traffic-Flows Using Machine Learning","display_name":"Mobility Prediction-Based Optimisation and Encryption of Passenger Traffic-Flows Using Machine Learning","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-05-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3088618883","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s20092629","mag":"3088618883","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32380656"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s20092629","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s20092629","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/20/9/2629/pdf?version=1589278659","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/20/9/2629/pdf?version=1589278659","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030353214","display_name":"Syed Muhammad Asad","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5895-6959"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I7882870","display_name":"University of Glasgow","ror":"https://ror.org/00vtgdb53","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I7882870"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Syed Muhammad Asad","raw_affiliation_strings":["James Watt School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"James Watt School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I7882870"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100754273","display_name":"Jawad Ahmad","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6289-8248"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I251738","display_name":"Edinburgh Napier University","ror":"https://ror.org/03zjvnn91","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I251738"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jawad Ahmad","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computing, Edinburgh Napier University, Edinburgh EH10 5DT, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing, Edinburgh Napier University, Edinburgh EH10 5DT, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I251738"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025757700","display_name":"Sajjad Hussain","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1802-9728"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I7882870","display_name":"University of Glasgow","ror":"https://ror.org/00vtgdb53","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I7882870"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sajjad Hussain","raw_affiliation_strings":["James Watt School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"James Watt School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I7882870"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089174765","display_name":"Ahmed Zoha","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7497-9336"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I7882870","display_name":"University of Glasgow","ror":"https://ror.org/00vtgdb53","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I7882870"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ahmed Zoha","raw_affiliation_strings":["James Watt School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"James Watt School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I7882870"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047892843","display_name":"Qammer H. Abbasi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7097-9969"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I7882870","display_name":"University of Glasgow","ror":"https://ror.org/00vtgdb53","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I7882870"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qammer Hussain Abbasi","raw_affiliation_strings":["James Watt School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"James Watt School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I7882870"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100331811","display_name":"Muhammad Ali Imran","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4743-9136"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I7882870","display_name":"University of Glasgow","ror":"https://ror.org/00vtgdb53","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I7882870"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad Ali Imran","raw_affiliation_strings":["James Watt School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"James Watt School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I7882870"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5030353214"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I7882870"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":4.2521,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":21,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93700303,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"20","issue":"9","first_page":"2629","last_page":"2629"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11980","display_name":"Human Mobility and Location-Based Analysis","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3313","display_name":"Transportation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11980","display_name":"Human Mobility and Location-Based Analysis","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3313","display_name":"Transportation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11344","display_name":"Traffic Prediction and Management Techniques","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10761","display_name":"Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs)","score":0.9962999820709229,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encryption","display_name":"Encryption","score":0.6953786611557007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5809321403503418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radio-frequency-identification","display_name":"Radio-frequency identification","score":0.5166847705841064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.4994196891784668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/traffic-congestion","display_name":"Traffic congestion","score":0.43581265211105347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intelligent-transportation-system","display_name":"Intelligent transportation system","score":0.42809659242630005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simulation","display_name":"Simulation","score":0.33516383171081543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.28679853677749634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.24307137727737427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transport-engineering","display_name":"Transport engineering","score":0.1988493800163269},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.19198280572891235}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148730421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141090","display_name":"Encryption","level":2,"score":0.6953786611557007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5809321403503418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204222849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104954","display_name":"Radio-frequency identification","level":2,"score":0.5166847705841064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.4994196891784668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779888511","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q244156","display_name":"Traffic congestion","level":2,"score":0.43581265211105347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47796450","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q508378","display_name":"Intelligent transportation system","level":2,"score":0.42809659242630005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44154836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45045","display_name":"Simulation","level":1,"score":0.33516383171081543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.28679853677749634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.24307137727737427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22212356","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q775325","display_name":"Transport engineering","level":1,"score":0.1988493800163269},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.19198280572891235}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":8,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s20092629","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s20092629","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/20/9/2629/pdf?version=1589278659","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:32380656","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32380656","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.gla.ac.uk:214048","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210235606","display_name":"ENLIGHTEN (Jurnal Bimbingan dan Konseling Islam)","issn_l":"2622-8912","issn":["2622-8912","2622-8920"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Articles"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:f1d5af6a5dc641e3b761ee192081a16a","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/f1d5af6a5dc641e3b761ee192081a16a","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 20, Iss 9, p 2629 (2020)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/20/9/2629/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20092629","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:napier-surface.worktribe.com:2671068","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://napier-surface.worktribe.com/2671068/1/Mobility%20Prediction-Based%20Optimisation%20and%20Encryption%20of%20Passenger%20Traffic-Flows%20Using%20Machine%20Learning","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400544","display_name":"Research Output (Edinburgh Napier University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I251738","host_organization_name":"Edinburgh Napier University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I251738"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:7248743","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/7248743","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:repository@napier.ac.uk:2671068","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://researchrepository.napier.ac.uk/Output/2671068","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402591","display_name":"Edinburgh Napier Research Repository (Edinburgh Napier University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I251738","host_organization_name":"Edinburgh Napier University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I251738"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"publishedVersion"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s20092629","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s20092629","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/20/9/2629/pdf?version=1589278659","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.5899999737739563,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5362573400","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DARE Project EP/P028764/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/0439y7842"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3088618883.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3088618883.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":57,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W192982988","https://openalex.org/W960484378","https://openalex.org/W1505393241","https://openalex.org/W1918016542","https://openalex.org/W1987228002","https://openalex.org/W2002298318","https://openalex.org/W2003612823","https://openalex.org/W2004073866","https://openalex.org/W2023034877","https://openalex.org/W2045230780","https://openalex.org/W2060252541","https://openalex.org/W2065099681","https://openalex.org/W2065530563","https://openalex.org/W2098563066","https://openalex.org/W2111612776","https://openalex.org/W2150152686","https://openalex.org/W2151854870","https://openalex.org/W2153922235","https://openalex.org/W2160160578","https://openalex.org/W2168642961","https://openalex.org/W2186370008","https://openalex.org/W2201336861","https://openalex.org/W2345277216","https://openalex.org/W2411122105","https://openalex.org/W2523438800","https://openalex.org/W2533412528","https://openalex.org/W2545234387","https://openalex.org/W2558600380","https://openalex.org/W2574076121","https://openalex.org/W2735793369","https://openalex.org/W2740306516","https://openalex.org/W2770404886","https://openalex.org/W2789309090","https://openalex.org/W2796293586","https://openalex.org/W2799055157","https://openalex.org/W2883175183","https://openalex.org/W2900485049","https://openalex.org/W2903957515","https://openalex.org/W2912610469","https://openalex.org/W2915287806","https://openalex.org/W2934498797","https://openalex.org/W2940010537","https://openalex.org/W2955338161","https://openalex.org/W2963722041","https://openalex.org/W2964468365","https://openalex.org/W2982033479","https://openalex.org/W2987172297","https://openalex.org/W2995976652","https://openalex.org/W2999117202","https://openalex.org/W3003125993","https://openalex.org/W3008319366","https://openalex.org/W3010081596","https://openalex.org/W3010113315","https://openalex.org/W3104449270","https://openalex.org/W3105986953","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W6647206902"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1577771720","https://openalex.org/W67524538","https://openalex.org/W2283353220","https://openalex.org/W2078898468","https://openalex.org/W2973192971","https://openalex.org/W4390341805","https://openalex.org/W3069032","https://openalex.org/W2982084411","https://openalex.org/W4210448965","https://openalex.org/W4360619413"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Information":[0],"and":[1,28,73,81,98,111,147,167,191,219],"Communication":[2],"Technology":[3],"(ICT)":[4],"enabled":[5],"optimisation":[6,27],"of":[7,16,135,151,205,225],"train's":[8],"passenger":[9,51,90,119,139,160],"traffic":[10,91,140],"flows":[11,92],"is":[12,133],"a":[13,128],"key":[14],"consideration":[15],"transportation":[17],"under":[18],"Smart":[19],"City":[20],"planning":[21],"(SCP).":[22],"Traditional":[23],"mobility":[24,65,175],"prediction":[25,66,156,176,186],"based":[26,93],"encryption":[29,130,193,228],"approaches":[30],"are":[31,42],"reactive":[32],"in":[33,142],"nature;":[34],"however,":[35],"Artificial":[36],"Intelligence":[37],"(AI)":[38],"driven":[39,154],"proactive":[40],"solutions":[41],"required":[43],"for":[44],"near":[45],"real-time":[46],"optimisation.":[47],"Leveraging":[48],"the":[49,62,75,89,137,149,223,226],"historical":[50],"data":[52,162],"recorded":[53],"via":[54],"Radio":[55],"Frequency":[56],"Identification":[57],"(RFID)":[58],"sensors":[59],"installed":[60],"at":[61],"train":[63,104],"stations,":[64],"models":[67,157,177],"can":[68,183],"be":[69],"developed":[70],"to":[71,102],"support":[72,103],"improve":[74],"railway":[76],"operational":[77],"performance":[78,150],"vis-a-vis":[79],"5G":[80],"beyond.":[82],"In":[83],"this":[84],"paper":[85,114],"we":[86],"have":[87,145],"analysed":[88],"on":[94,117],"an":[95,180],"Access,":[96],"Egress":[97],"Interchange":[99],"(AEI)":[100],"framework":[101,182],"infrastructure":[105],"against":[106],"congestion,":[107],"accidents,":[108],"overloading":[109],"carriages":[110],"maintenance.":[112],"This":[113],"predominantly":[115],"focuses":[116],"developing":[118],"flow":[120,141,155,161],"predictions":[121],"using":[122,158],"Machine":[123],"Learning":[124],"(ML)":[125],"along":[126,188],"with":[127,189],"novel":[129],"model":[131],"that":[132,179],"capable":[134],"handling":[136],"heavy":[138],"real-time.":[143],"We":[144],"compared":[146],"reported":[148],"various":[152],"ML":[153],"real-world":[159],"obtained":[163],"from":[164],"London":[165],"Underground":[166],"Overground":[168],"(LUO).":[169],"Extensive":[170],"spatio-temporal":[171],"simulations":[172],"leveraging":[173],"realistic":[174],"show":[178],"AEI":[181],"achieve":[184],"91.17%":[185],"accuracy":[187],"secure":[190],"light-weight":[192],"capabilities.":[194],"Security":[195],"parameters":[196],"such":[197],"as":[198],"correlation":[199],"coefficient":[200],"(<0.01),":[201],"entropy":[202],"(>7.70),":[203],"number":[204],"pixel":[206],"change":[207,212],"rate":[208],"(>99%),":[209],"unified":[210],"average":[211],"intensity":[213],"(>33),":[214],"contrast":[215],"(>10),":[216],"homogeneity":[217],"(<0.3)":[218],"energy":[220],"(<0.01)":[221],"prove":[222],"efficacy":[224],"proposed":[227],"scheme.":[229]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-03-20T23:20:44.827607","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}