{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3016481516","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s20082335","title":"A Deep Learning Framework for Vibration-Based Assessment of Delamination in Smart Composite Laminates","display_name":"A Deep Learning Framework for Vibration-Based Assessment of Delamination in Smart Composite Laminates","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-04-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3016481516","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s20082335","mag":"3016481516","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32325959"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s20082335","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s20082335","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/20/8/2335/pdf?version=1587561906","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/20/8/2335/pdf?version=1587561906","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083321095","display_name":"Asif Khan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7363-5192"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205490536","display_name":"Dongguk University","ror":"https://ror.org/057q6n778","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205490536"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Asif Khan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechanical, Robotics and Energy Engineering, Dongguk University-Seoul, 30 Pil-dong 1 Gil, Jung-gu, Seoul 04620, Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical, Robotics and Energy Engineering, Dongguk University-Seoul, 30 Pil-dong 1 Gil, Jung-gu, Seoul 04620, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205490536"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100844907","display_name":"Jae Kyoung Shin","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205490536","display_name":"Dongguk University","ror":"https://ror.org/057q6n778","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205490536"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jae Kyoung Shin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechanical, Robotics and Energy Engineering, Dongguk University-Seoul, 30 Pil-dong 1 Gil, Jung-gu, Seoul 04620, Korea","OnePredict Co., Ltd Solution I R&amp;D Division, Seoul 08826, Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical, Robotics and Energy Engineering, Dongguk University-Seoul, 30 Pil-dong 1 Gil, Jung-gu, Seoul 04620, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205490536"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"OnePredict Co., Ltd Solution I R&amp;D Division, Seoul 08826, Korea","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110677477","display_name":"Woo Cheol Lim","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205490536","display_name":"Dongguk University","ror":"https://ror.org/057q6n778","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205490536"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Woo Cheol Lim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechanical, Robotics and Energy Engineering, Dongguk University-Seoul, 30 Pil-dong 1 Gil, Jung-gu, Seoul 04620, Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical, Robotics and Energy Engineering, Dongguk University-Seoul, 30 Pil-dong 1 Gil, Jung-gu, Seoul 04620, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205490536"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101986206","display_name":"Na Yeon Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2395-5937"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205490536","display_name":"Dongguk University","ror":"https://ror.org/057q6n778","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205490536"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Na Yeon Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechanical, Robotics and Energy Engineering, Dongguk University-Seoul, 30 Pil-dong 1 Gil, Jung-gu, Seoul 04620, Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical, Robotics and Energy Engineering, Dongguk University-Seoul, 30 Pil-dong 1 Gil, Jung-gu, Seoul 04620, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205490536"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014488079","display_name":"Heung Soo Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7057-5174"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205490536","display_name":"Dongguk University","ror":"https://ror.org/057q6n778","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205490536"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Heung Soo Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechanical, Robotics and Energy Engineering, Dongguk University-Seoul, 30 Pil-dong 1 Gil, Jung-gu, Seoul 04620, Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7057-5174","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical, Robotics and Energy Engineering, Dongguk University-Seoul, 30 Pil-dong 1 Gil, Jung-gu, Seoul 04620, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205490536"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5014488079"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205490536"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":3.7853,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":41,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93745368,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"20","issue":"8","first_page":"2335","last_page":"2335"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10662","display_name":"Ultrasonics and Acoustic Wave Propagation","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2211","display_name":"Mechanics of Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10662","display_name":"Ultrasonics and Acoustic Wave Propagation","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2211","display_name":"Mechanics of Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10534","display_name":"Structural Health Monitoring Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12169","display_name":"Non-Destructive Testing Techniques","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/delamination","display_name":"Delamination (geology)","score":0.8720853924751282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","score":0.7092850804328918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/composite-laminates","display_name":"Composite laminates","score":0.6773080825805664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/structural-engineering","display_name":"Structural engineering","score":0.525114119052887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vibration","display_name":"Vibration","score":0.5182559490203857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fast-fourier-transform","display_name":"Fast Fourier transform","score":0.5063368082046509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spectrogram","display_name":"Spectrogram","score":0.4812328815460205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.45271408557891846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/composite-number","display_name":"Composite number","score":0.44634366035461426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.4052892029285431},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.3414793610572815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.337858647108078},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustics","display_name":"Acoustics","score":0.3224632740020752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.2864202558994293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/composite-material","display_name":"Composite material","score":0.24644866585731506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.14343157410621643},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.11719080805778503}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30239060","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5253111","display_name":"Delamination (geology)","level":4,"score":0.8720853924751282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.7092850804328918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145922259","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5156763","display_name":"Composite laminates","level":3,"score":0.6773080825805664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.525114119052887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198394728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3695508","display_name":"Vibration","level":2,"score":0.5182559490203857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75172450","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q623950","display_name":"Fast Fourier transform","level":2,"score":0.5063368082046509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45273575","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q578970","display_name":"Spectrogram","level":2,"score":0.4812328815460205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.45271408557891846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104779481","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50707","display_name":"Composite number","level":2,"score":0.44634366035461426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.4052892029285431},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.3414793610572815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.337858647108078},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.3224632740020752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2864202558994293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.24644866585731506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.14343157410621643},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.11719080805778503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77928131","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193343","display_name":"Tectonics","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58097730","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176318","display_name":"Subduction","level":3,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s20082335","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s20082335","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/20/8/2335/pdf?version=1587561906","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:32325959","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32325959","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:8b649c778ae44101a18a32aeca064624","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/8b649c778ae44101a18a32aeca064624","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 20, Iss 8, p 2335 (2020)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/20/8/2335/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20082335","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:7219247","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/7219247","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s20082335","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s20082335","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/20/8/2335/pdf?version=1587561906","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6800000071525574,"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2358525228","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NRF-2017R1D1A1B03028368","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4492006529","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2020R1A2C1006613","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6874433597","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2017R1D1A1B03028368","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8003140682","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NRF-2017R1D1A1B03028368 and 2020R1A2C1006613","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320671","display_name":"National Research Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/05s0g1g46"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","ror":"https://ror.org/013aysd81"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3016481516.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3016481516.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":73,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W58225114","https://openalex.org/W216274130","https://openalex.org/W1250045524","https://openalex.org/W1728646996","https://openalex.org/W1918650023","https://openalex.org/W1994945251","https://openalex.org/W1996541684","https://openalex.org/W1998665038","https://openalex.org/W2016821636","https://openalex.org/W2025546206","https://openalex.org/W2027071620","https://openalex.org/W2029222302","https://openalex.org/W2035194789","https://openalex.org/W2039192142","https://openalex.org/W2051363905","https://openalex.org/W2053036601","https://openalex.org/W2074840332","https://openalex.org/W2074935613","https://openalex.org/W2080701836","https://openalex.org/W2088064494","https://openalex.org/W2088087563","https://openalex.org/W2092529603","https://openalex.org/W2103289165","https://openalex.org/W2137022074","https://openalex.org/W2161464003","https://openalex.org/W2188717383","https://openalex.org/W2281110654","https://openalex.org/W2524142361","https://openalex.org/W2561184891","https://openalex.org/W2574597881","https://openalex.org/W2589955920","https://openalex.org/W2614221804","https://openalex.org/W2709541214","https://openalex.org/W2754155419","https://openalex.org/W2758584528","https://openalex.org/W2759458178","https://openalex.org/W2766734570","https://openalex.org/W2768083292","https://openalex.org/W2785288707","https://openalex.org/W2789016971","https://openalex.org/W2790012920","https://openalex.org/W2790134064","https://openalex.org/W2794412873","https://openalex.org/W2797606213","https://openalex.org/W2802925041","https://openalex.org/W2804400140","https://openalex.org/W2887577387","https://openalex.org/W2888102161","https://openalex.org/W2889870143","https://openalex.org/W2896556344","https://openalex.org/W2900049266","https://openalex.org/W2900814507","https://openalex.org/W2906085449","https://openalex.org/W2915097576","https://openalex.org/W2928633619","https://openalex.org/W2936253443","https://openalex.org/W2943080986","https://openalex.org/W2946221058","https://openalex.org/W2953733561","https://openalex.org/W2956133083","https://openalex.org/W2964430448","https://openalex.org/W2967050128","https://openalex.org/W2967816191","https://openalex.org/W2979221451","https://openalex.org/W2994827950","https://openalex.org/W3000134307","https://openalex.org/W3002451428","https://openalex.org/W3005532279","https://openalex.org/W4205920754","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W6628035305","https://openalex.org/W6660371101","https://openalex.org/W6748578999"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2917903341","https://openalex.org/W2973969581","https://openalex.org/W4313142898","https://openalex.org/W2100500937","https://openalex.org/W2027548319","https://openalex.org/W2743610607","https://openalex.org/W3166315057","https://openalex.org/W1999282263","https://openalex.org/W1978874856","https://openalex.org/W2773767085"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Delamination":[0],"is":[1,130],"one":[2],"of":[3,26,48,61,69,72,86,112,151,159,168,172,177,188,210],"the":[4,27,42,87,101,138,146,152,160,189,198,203,207],"detrimental":[5],"defects":[6,17],"in":[7,63],"laminated":[8,89],"composite":[9,65,154],"materials":[10],"that":[11],"often":[12],"arose":[13],"due":[14],"to":[15,33,132,144],"manufacturing":[16],"or":[18],"in-service":[19],"loadings":[20],"(e.g.,":[21],"low/high":[22],"velocity":[23],"impacts).":[24],"Most":[25],"contemporary":[28],"research":[29],"efforts":[30],"are":[31,79,95,105],"dedicated":[32],"high-frequency":[34],"guided":[35],"wave":[36],"and":[37,76,92,100,119,141,148,174,200,205],"mode":[38],"shape-based":[39],"methods":[40],"for":[41,57,202],"assessment":[43,60],"(i.e.,":[44],"detection,":[45],"quantification,":[46],"localization)":[47],"delamination.":[49,211],"This":[50],"paper":[51],"presents":[52],"a":[53,165],"deep":[54],"learning":[55],"framework":[56],"structural":[58],"vibration-based":[59,139],"delamination":[62],"smart":[64,153],"laminates.":[66],"A":[67,125],"number":[68],"small-sized":[70],"(4.5%":[71],"total":[73],"area)":[74],"inner":[75],"edge":[77],"delaminations":[78],"simulated":[80],"using":[81,109],"an":[82,180],"electromechanically":[83],"coupled":[84],"model":[85],"piezo-bonded":[88],"composite.":[90],"Healthy":[91],"delaminated":[93,149],"structures":[94],"stimulated":[96],"with":[97],"random":[98],"loads":[99],"corresponding":[102],"transient":[103],"responses":[104],"transformed":[106],"into":[107],"spectrograms":[108,140],"optimal":[110],"values":[111],"window":[113,117],"size,":[114],"overlapping":[115],"rate,":[116],"type,":[118],"fast":[120],"Fourier":[121],"transform":[122],"(FFT)":[123],"resolution.":[124],"convolutional":[126,161,191],"neural":[127,162,192],"network":[128,163,193],"(CNN)":[129],"designed":[131],"automatically":[133],"extract":[134],"discriminative":[135],"features":[136],"from":[137],"use":[142],"those":[143],"distinguish":[145],"intact":[147],"cases":[150],"laminate.":[155],"The":[156,184],"proposed":[157],"architecture":[158],"showed":[164],"training":[166],"accuracy":[167,171,176],"99.9%,":[169],"validation":[170],"97.1%,":[173],"test":[175],"94.5%":[178],"on":[179],"unseen":[181],"data":[182],"set.":[183],"testing":[185],"confusion":[186],"chart":[187],"pre-trained":[190],"revealed":[194],"interesting":[195],"results":[196],"regarding":[197],"severity":[199],"detectability":[201],"in-plane":[204],"through":[206],"thickness":[208],"scenarios":[209]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-06T08:25:59.206177","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
