{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3016015957","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s20082167","title":"Wideband Self-Calibration Method of Inductive CTs and Verification of Determined Values of Current and Phase Errors at Harmonics for Transformation of Distorted Current","display_name":"Wideband Self-Calibration Method of Inductive CTs and Verification of Determined Values of Current and Phase Errors at Harmonics for Transformation of Distorted Current","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-04-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3016015957","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s20082167","mag":"3016015957","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32290417"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s20082167","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s20082167","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/20/8/2167/pdf?version=1586609064","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/20/8/2167/pdf?version=1586609064","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043113852","display_name":"Ernest Stano","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4706-5245"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I188884621","display_name":"Lodz University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00s8fpf52","country_code":"PL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I188884621"]}],"countries":["PL"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ernest Stano","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Mechatronics and Information Systems, Lodz University of Technology, Stefanowskiego 18/22 St, 90-924 Lodz, Poland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4706-5245","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Mechatronics and Information Systems, Lodz University of Technology, Stefanowskiego 18/22 St, 90-924 Lodz, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I188884621"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041808373","display_name":"M. Kaczmarek","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6518-9161"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I188884621","display_name":"Lodz University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00s8fpf52","country_code":"PL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I188884621"]}],"countries":["PL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michal Kaczmarek","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Mechatronics and Information Systems, Lodz University of Technology, Stefanowskiego 18/22 St, 90-924 Lodz, Poland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6518-9161","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Mechatronics and Information Systems, Lodz University of Technology, Stefanowskiego 18/22 St, 90-924 Lodz, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I188884621"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5043113852"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I188884621"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":1.6142,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":27,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.82320442,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"20","issue":"8","first_page":"2167","last_page":"2167"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11222","display_name":"Magnetic Properties and Applications","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2504","display_name":"Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11222","display_name":"Magnetic Properties and Applications","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2504","display_name":"Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12169","display_name":"Non-Destructive Testing Techniques","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12300","display_name":"Advanced Electrical Measurement Techniques","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/harmonics","display_name":"Harmonics","score":0.8695435523986816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wideband","display_name":"Wideband","score":0.6541999578475952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/current-transformer","display_name":"Current transformer","score":0.580889880657196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/current","display_name":"Current (fluid)","score":0.5530077219009399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/calibration","display_name":"Calibration","score":0.5493393540382385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustics","display_name":"Acoustics","score":0.46573179960250854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.45594820380210876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase","display_name":"Phase (matter)","score":0.42893078923225403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transformer","display_name":"Transformer","score":0.39235955476760864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.3154309391975403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.23424991965293884}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188414643","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3001183","display_name":"Harmonics","level":3,"score":0.8695435523986816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780202535","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4524457","display_name":"Wideband","level":2,"score":0.6541999578475952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133770746","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q856535","display_name":"Current transformer","level":4,"score":0.580889880657196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148043351","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4456944","display_name":"Current (fluid)","level":2,"score":0.5530077219009399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165838908","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q736777","display_name":"Calibration","level":2,"score":0.5493393540382385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.46573179960250854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.45594820380210876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44280652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104837","display_name":"Phase (matter)","level":2,"score":0.42893078923225403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66322947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11658","display_name":"Transformer","level":3,"score":0.39235955476760864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.3154309391975403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.23424991965293884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s20082167","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s20082167","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/20/8/2167/pdf?version=1586609064","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:32290417","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32290417","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:cfb71dbe60564a9cba61f4102f6a397b","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/cfb71dbe60564a9cba61f4102f6a397b","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 20, Iss 8, p 2167 (2020)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/20/8/2167/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20082167","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:7218722","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/7218722","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s20082167","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s20082167","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/20/8/2167/pdf?version=1586609064","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.7799999713897705,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3016015957.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3016015957.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":21,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1985664209","https://openalex.org/W2006175595","https://openalex.org/W2018935967","https://openalex.org/W2025472849","https://openalex.org/W2071622974","https://openalex.org/W2098397735","https://openalex.org/W2114256252","https://openalex.org/W2139722964","https://openalex.org/W2156002823","https://openalex.org/W2164234494","https://openalex.org/W2345538253","https://openalex.org/W2461721972","https://openalex.org/W2579388279","https://openalex.org/W2616245041","https://openalex.org/W2638382362","https://openalex.org/W2897744942","https://openalex.org/W2898639120","https://openalex.org/W2901613173","https://openalex.org/W2945160325","https://openalex.org/W2951313707","https://openalex.org/W2954541339"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2370517014","https://openalex.org/W2039242888","https://openalex.org/W2515867587","https://openalex.org/W1838021708","https://openalex.org/W2535445299","https://openalex.org/W2020985248","https://openalex.org/W2160225810","https://openalex.org/W75722962","https://openalex.org/W2362354458","https://openalex.org/W2109760461"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Self-calibration":[0],"of":[1,26,34,49,66,90,96,102,116,119,123],"a":[2,21],"designed":[3],"wideband":[4],"inductive":[5],"current":[6,27,48,103,125,138],"transformer":[7],"(CT)":[8],"was":[9],"carried":[10],"out":[11],"in":[12,99,132],"the":[13,32,45,50,64,75,91,94,97,100,112,117,120,124,128,133,136],"ampere-turns":[14],"condition.":[15],"This":[16],"method":[17,113],"does":[18],"not":[19],"require":[20],"reference":[22],"transducer.":[23],"The":[24],"values":[25,67,78,101,118],"and":[28,72,104,135],"phase":[29,105],"errors":[30,106],"at":[31],"harmonics":[33,122],"frequencies":[35],"from":[36,80,84],"100":[37],"Hz":[38],"to":[39,55],"5":[40],"kHz":[41],"were":[42,60],"determined":[43],"for":[44,88,114],"distorted":[46],"primary":[47],"rated":[51],"main":[52],"frequency":[53,108],"equal":[54],"50":[56],"Hz.":[57],"These":[58],"results":[59],"verified":[61],"based":[62],"on":[63],"comparison":[65],"measured":[68],"between":[69,77],"two":[70],"CTs":[71],"calculated":[73],"as":[74],"difference":[76],"obtained":[79],"their":[81],"calibration.":[82],"Moreover,":[83],"vectorial":[85],"diagrams":[86],"drawn":[87],"transformation":[89],"higher":[92],"harmonics,":[93],"source":[95],"change":[98],"with":[107,127],"is":[109,139],"explained.":[110],"Furthermore,":[111],"calculation":[115],"corresponding":[121],"associated":[126],"active":[129],"power":[130],"losses":[131],"core":[134],"magnetization":[137],"presented.":[140]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}