{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3014967630","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s20071955","title":"Measurement of the Acoustic Non-Linearity Parameter of Materials by Exciting Reversed-Phase Rayleigh Waves in Opposite Directions","display_name":"Measurement of the Acoustic Non-Linearity Parameter of Materials by Exciting Reversed-Phase Rayleigh Waves in Opposite Directions","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-03-31","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3014967630","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s20071955","mag":"3014967630","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32244379"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s20071955","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s20071955","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/20/7/1955/pdf?version=1585879225","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/20/7/1955/pdf?version=1585879225","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035527039","display_name":"Yan Bingsheng","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36152291","display_name":"Henan University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05sbgwt55","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36152291"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Bingsheng Yan","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36152291"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013233126","display_name":"Yuzhou Song","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4620-8328"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36152291","display_name":"Henan University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05sbgwt55","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36152291"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuzhou Song","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36152291"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109648462","display_name":"Shijie Nie","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36152291","display_name":"Henan University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05sbgwt55","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36152291"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shijie Nie","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36152291"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101583099","display_name":"Mingchao Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-2239-0112"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36152291","display_name":"Henan University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05sbgwt55","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36152291"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mingchao Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36152291"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031586079","display_name":"Ziran Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8980-7374"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36152291","display_name":"Henan University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05sbgwt55","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36152291"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ziran Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36152291"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5035527039"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36152291"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":0.4546,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.55509721,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"20","issue":"7","first_page":"1955","last_page":"1955"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10662","display_name":"Ultrasonics and Acoustic Wave Propagation","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2211","display_name":"Mechanics of Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10662","display_name":"Ultrasonics and Acoustic Wave Propagation","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2211","display_name":"Mechanics of Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12169","display_name":"Non-Destructive Testing Techniques","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11856","display_name":"Thermography and Photoacoustic Techniques","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2211","display_name":"Mechanics of Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rayleigh-wave","display_name":"Rayleigh wave","score":0.7733850479125977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustics","display_name":"Acoustics","score":0.7269998788833618},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linearity","display_name":"Linearity","score":0.6892958283424377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rayleigh-scattering","display_name":"Rayleigh scattering","score":0.6166173219680786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.5742254853248596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transducer","display_name":"Transducer","score":0.5548702478408813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/superposition-principle","display_name":"Superposition principle","score":0.4990692138671875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/harmonics","display_name":"Harmonics","score":0.42701050639152527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.3676433563232422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.2862921953201294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/surface-wave","display_name":"Surface wave","score":0.24191448092460632},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.18175554275512695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.11702829599380493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.09433704614639282}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51473458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2351144","display_name":"Rayleigh wave","level":3,"score":0.7733850479125977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.7269998788833618},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77170095","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1753188","display_name":"Linearity","level":2,"score":0.6892958283424377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46244369","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193709","display_name":"Rayleigh scattering","level":2,"score":0.6166173219680786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.5742254853248596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56318395","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q215928","display_name":"Transducer","level":2,"score":0.5548702478408813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27753989","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q284885","display_name":"Superposition principle","level":2,"score":0.4990692138671875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188414643","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3001183","display_name":"Harmonics","level":3,"score":0.42701050639152527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.3676433563232422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.2862921953201294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84174578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q889796","display_name":"Surface wave","level":2,"score":0.24191448092460632},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.18175554275512695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.11702829599380493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.09433704614639282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s20071955","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s20071955","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/20/7/1955/pdf?version=1585879225","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:32244379","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32244379","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:15c4bfbf129b4deebeb35725455fae89","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/15c4bfbf129b4deebeb35725455fae89","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 20, Iss 7, p 1955 (2020)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/20/7/1955/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20071955","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:7180907","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/7180907","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s20071955","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s20071955","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/20/7/1955/pdf?version=1585879225","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5899999737739563,"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3177974349","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U1604134","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322770","display_name":"Foundation of Henan Educational Committee","ror":"https://ror.org/00xvf9d29"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3014967630.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3014967630.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":16,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1981511251","https://openalex.org/W1990931124","https://openalex.org/W2023050816","https://openalex.org/W2052294079","https://openalex.org/W2059378218","https://openalex.org/W2061227630","https://openalex.org/W2062766759","https://openalex.org/W2402713859","https://openalex.org/W2554748863","https://openalex.org/W2768098978","https://openalex.org/W2801404651","https://openalex.org/W2884657849","https://openalex.org/W2897964701","https://openalex.org/W2909837928","https://openalex.org/W2962768673","https://openalex.org/W2975872151"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4308749380","https://openalex.org/W2039242888","https://openalex.org/W2370517014","https://openalex.org/W2037841693","https://openalex.org/W2372481764","https://openalex.org/W2515867587","https://openalex.org/W1977264433","https://openalex.org/W65859210","https://openalex.org/W1978290204","https://openalex.org/W2034364859"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,151,192,205],"acoustic":[1,69,148,187,229],"non-linearity":[2,70,149,188,230],"parameter":[3,71,189],"of":[4,22,56,72,87,91,99,111,121,145,158,168,177,181,217],"Rayleigh":[5,43,59,97,220],"waves":[6,44,60,98,221],"can":[7,225,240],"be":[8,33],"used":[9,40],"to":[10,32,66,94,115,127,140,164,174],"detect":[11],"various":[12],"defects":[13],"(such":[14],"as":[15,130],"dislocation":[16],"and":[17,30,185],"micro-cracks)":[18],"on":[19,195],"material":[20],"surfaces":[21],"thick-plate":[23],"structures;":[24],"however,":[25],"it":[26],"is":[27,64,160],"generally":[28],"low":[29,47],"likely":[31],"masked":[34],"by":[35],"noise.":[36],"Moreover,":[37],"conventional":[38],"methods":[39],"with":[41,210,235],"non-linear":[42],"exhibit":[45],"a":[46,54,92,103,133],"detection":[48,243],"efficiency.":[49,244],"To":[50],"tackle":[51],"these":[52],"problems,":[53],"method":[55,144,216],"exciting":[57,218],"reversed-phase":[58,219],"in":[61,108,222],"opposite":[62,100,179,223],"directions":[63,224],"proposed":[65,143],"measure":[67],"the":[68,84,88,109,112,142,147,156,178,182,186,211,215,228,242],"materials.":[73],"For":[74],"that,":[75],"two":[76,85,96],"angle":[77],"beam":[78,237],"wedge":[79,238],"transducers":[80,239],"were":[81],"placed":[82],"at":[83],"ends":[86],"upper":[89,113],"surface":[90,114],"specimen":[93],"excite":[95],"phases,":[101],"while":[102,166],"normal":[104],"transducer":[105],"was":[106,138,199,208],"installed":[107],"middle":[110],"receive":[116],"them.":[117],"By":[118],"taking":[119],"specimens":[120,198],"0Cr17Ni4Cu4Nb":[122],"martensitic":[123],"stainless":[124],"steel":[125],"subjected":[126],"fatigue":[128,196],"damage":[129,197],"an":[131],"example,":[132],"finite":[134],"element":[135],"simulation":[136,152,212],"model":[137],"established":[139],"test":[141,206],"measuring":[146],"parameter.":[150,231],"results":[153],"show":[154],"that":[155,167],"amplitude":[157],"fundamentals":[159],"significantly":[161],"reduced":[162],"due":[163,173],"offset,":[165],"second":[169],"harmonics":[170],"greatly":[171],"increases":[172],"superposition":[175],"because":[176],"phases":[180],"excited":[183],"signals,":[184],"thus":[190],"increases.":[191],"experimental":[193],"research":[194],"carried":[200],"out":[201],"using":[202],"this":[203],"method.":[204],"result":[207],"consistent":[209],"result.":[213],"Thus,":[214],"remarkably":[226],"increase":[227],"Additionally,":[232],"synchronous":[233],"excitation":[234],"double-angle":[236],"double":[241]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
