{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2980923743","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s20030941","title":"Emphasis Learning, Features Repetition in Width Instead of Length to Improve Classification Performance: Case Study\u2014Alzheimer\u2019s Disease Diagnosis","display_name":"Emphasis Learning, Features Repetition in Width Instead of Length to Improve Classification Performance: Case Study\u2014Alzheimer\u2019s Disease Diagnosis","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-02-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2980923743","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s20030941","mag":"2980923743","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32050715"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s20030941","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s20030941","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/20/3/941/pdf?version=1581409320","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/20/3/941/pdf?version=1581409320","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062914158","display_name":"Hamid Akramifard","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4894-0291"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I41832843","display_name":"University of Tabriz","ror":"https://ror.org/01papkj44","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I41832843"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hamid Akramifard","raw_affiliation_strings":[". Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Tabriz, East Azerbaijan, Tabriz 51666-16471, Iran"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4894-0291","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":". Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Tabriz, East Azerbaijan, Tabriz 51666-16471, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I41832843"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089205977","display_name":"Mohammad Ali Balafar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5898-0871"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I41832843","display_name":"University of Tabriz","ror":"https://ror.org/01papkj44","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I41832843"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"MohammadAli Balafar","raw_affiliation_strings":[". Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Tabriz, East Azerbaijan, Tabriz 51666-16471, Iran"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5898-0871","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":". Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Tabriz, East Azerbaijan, Tabriz 51666-16471, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I41832843"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112476407","display_name":"SeyedNaser Razavi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I41832843","display_name":"University of Tabriz","ror":"https://ror.org/01papkj44","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I41832843"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"SeyedNaser Razavi","raw_affiliation_strings":[". Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Tabriz, East Azerbaijan, Tabriz 51666-16471, Iran"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":". Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Tabriz, East Azerbaijan, Tabriz 51666-16471, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I41832843"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110477863","display_name":"Abd Rahman Ramli","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130343225","display_name":"Universiti Putra Malaysia","ror":"https://ror.org/02e91jd64","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130343225"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abd Rahman Ramli","raw_affiliation_strings":[". Department of Computer and Communication Systems Engineering, University Putra Malaysia, UPM-Serdang 43400, Malaysia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":". Department of Computer and Communication Systems Engineering, University Putra Malaysia, UPM-Serdang 43400, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130343225"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5089205977"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I41832843"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":0.374,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.61033503,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"20","issue":"3","first_page":"941","last_page":"941"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12702","display_name":"Brain Tumor Detection and Classification","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2808","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12702","display_name":"Brain Tumor Detection and Classification","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2808","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10009","display_name":"Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2738","display_name":"Psychiatry and Mental health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14144","display_name":"Neurological Disease Mechanisms and Treatments","score":0.9904999732971191,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2808","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6591967344284058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/classifier","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","score":0.6133991479873657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5973576307296753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/support-vector-machine","display_name":"Support vector machine","score":0.5774587988853455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/concatenation","display_name":"Concatenation (mathematics)","score":0.5720635652542114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.5670632719993591},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-vector","display_name":"Feature vector","score":0.5528039932250977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.5272523164749146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-selection","display_name":"Feature selection","score":0.49203774333000183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedding","display_name":"Embedding","score":0.4290749430656433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/replication","display_name":"Replication (statistics)","score":0.41589123010635376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.35366079211235046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.17317649722099304}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6591967344284058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95623464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1096149","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","level":2,"score":0.6133991479873657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5973576307296753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.5774587988853455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87619178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126002","display_name":"Concatenation (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5720635652542114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5670632719993591},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83665646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42139305","display_name":"Feature vector","level":2,"score":0.5528039932250977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.5272523164749146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148483581","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q446488","display_name":"Feature selection","level":2,"score":0.49203774333000183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41608201","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q980509","display_name":"Embedding","level":2,"score":0.4290749430656433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12590798","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3933199","display_name":"Replication (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.41589123010635376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.35366079211235046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.17317649722099304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000544","descriptor_name":"Alzheimer Disease","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000544","descriptor_name":"Alzheimer Disease","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000544","descriptor_name":"Alzheimer Disease","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000544","descriptor_name":"Alzheimer Disease","qualifier_ui":"Q000145","qualifier_name":"classification","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000544","descriptor_name":"Alzheimer Disease","qualifier_ui":"Q000145","qualifier_name":"classification","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000544","descriptor_name":"Alzheimer Disease","qualifier_ui":"Q000145","qualifier_name":"classification","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000544","descriptor_name":"Alzheimer Disease","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000544","descriptor_name":"Alzheimer Disease","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000544","descriptor_name":"Alzheimer Disease","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007858","descriptor_name":"Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007858","descriptor_name":"Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007858","descriptor_name":"Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008279","descriptor_name":"Magnetic Resonance Imaging","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008279","descriptor_name":"Magnetic Resonance Imaging","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008279","descriptor_name":"Magnetic Resonance Imaging","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011237","descriptor_name":"Predictive Value of Tests","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011237","descriptor_name":"Predictive Value of Tests","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011237","descriptor_name":"Predictive Value of Tests","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012372","descriptor_name":"ROC Curve","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012372","descriptor_name":"ROC Curve","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012372","descriptor_name":"ROC Curve","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019540","descriptor_name":"Area Under Curve","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019540","descriptor_name":"Area Under Curve","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019540","descriptor_name":"Area Under Curve","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D025341","descriptor_name":"Principal Component Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D025341","descriptor_name":"Principal Component Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D025341","descriptor_name":"Principal Component Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D060388","descriptor_name":"Support Vector Machine","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D060388","descriptor_name":"Support Vector Machine","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D060388","descriptor_name":"Support Vector Machine","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D060825","descriptor_name":"Cognitive Dysfunction","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D060825","descriptor_name":"Cognitive Dysfunction","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D060825","descriptor_name":"Cognitive Dysfunction","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s20030941","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s20030941","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/20/3/941/pdf?version=1581409320","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:32050715","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32050715","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:7daad6277f9e47cd99205354e96a12a7","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/7daad6277f9e47cd99205354e96a12a7","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 20, Iss 3, p 941 (2020)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/20/3/941/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20030941","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:7039233","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/7039233","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s20030941","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s20030941","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/20/3/941/pdf?version=1581409320","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320326","display_name":"University of Reading","ror":"https://ror.org/05v62cm79"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337337","display_name":"National Institute on Aging","ror":"https://ror.org/049v75w11"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337363","display_name":"National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering","ror":"https://ror.org/00372qc85"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2980923743.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2980923743.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":57,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W54730903","https://openalex.org/W1494052777","https://openalex.org/W1537066827","https://openalex.org/W1563088657","https://openalex.org/W1964793333","https://openalex.org/W1986014162","https://openalex.org/W2000292092","https://openalex.org/W2007804187","https://openalex.org/W2009463478","https://openalex.org/W2009849234","https://openalex.org/W2026553142","https://openalex.org/W2032977736","https://openalex.org/W2044758663","https://openalex.org/W2045867209","https://openalex.org/W2057739090","https://openalex.org/W2058046532","https://openalex.org/W2058161128","https://openalex.org/W2062469750","https://openalex.org/W2078524519","https://openalex.org/W2098017711","https://openalex.org/W2102508963","https://openalex.org/W2106931873","https://openalex.org/W2120111102","https://openalex.org/W2120892458","https://openalex.org/W2124114508","https://openalex.org/W2126598020","https://openalex.org/W2128251808","https://openalex.org/W2136579519","https://openalex.org/W2138291493","https://openalex.org/W2139212933","https://openalex.org/W2146089088","https://openalex.org/W2148046162","https://openalex.org/W2153171432","https://openalex.org/W2161109421","https://openalex.org/W2162333503","https://openalex.org/W2169643258","https://openalex.org/W2171831801","https://openalex.org/W2294798173","https://openalex.org/W2331803192","https://openalex.org/W2558927549","https://openalex.org/W2585784318","https://openalex.org/W2593468621","https://openalex.org/W2742971208","https://openalex.org/W2746293221","https://openalex.org/W2765759611","https://openalex.org/W2788473288","https://openalex.org/W2806865256","https://openalex.org/W2886013305","https://openalex.org/W2891367803","https://openalex.org/W2895581539","https://openalex.org/W2901020939","https://openalex.org/W2906155095","https://openalex.org/W2950680182","https://openalex.org/W2952992882","https://openalex.org/W2969438869","https://openalex.org/W6632182068","https://openalex.org/W6683909449"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2373577936","https://openalex.org/W3095575180","https://openalex.org/W2389596151","https://openalex.org/W4221148444","https://openalex.org/W4226054107","https://openalex.org/W4387678054","https://openalex.org/W4306784355","https://openalex.org/W2784004155","https://openalex.org/W4246226292","https://openalex.org/W1971646133"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,69,222],"the":[1,37,48,58,90,96,100,105,110,115,119,127,147,182,187,207,245,253,258],"past":[2],"decade,":[3],"many":[4],"studies":[5],"have":[6,21,41],"been":[7],"conducted":[8],"to":[9,77,149,163,198,210],"advance":[10],"computer-aided":[11],"systems":[12,24],"for":[13,138,155,260,276],"Alzheimer's":[14,83],"disease":[15,84],"(AD)":[16],"diagnosis.":[17],"Most":[18],"of":[19,50,92,102,109,118,130,228,271],"them":[20],"recently":[22],"developed":[23],"concentrated":[25],"on":[26,99,104,146],"extracting":[27],"and":[28,34,125,185,203,216,274,285],"combining":[29],"features":[30,148,202,230],"from":[31,214],"MRI,":[32],"PET,":[33],"CSF.":[35],"For":[36,132],"most":[38,200],"part,":[39],"they":[40],"obtained":[42,266],"very":[43],"high":[44],"performance.":[45],"However,":[46],"improving":[47],"performance":[49,63,190,247,255],"a":[51,72,141,168,225,267],"classification":[52,183,263],"problem":[53],"is":[54,75,89,144,161,175,231,242,248],"complicated,":[55],"specifically":[56,81],"when":[57],"model's":[59],"accuracy":[60],"or":[61,192],"other":[62],"measurements":[64],"are":[65],"higher":[66],"than":[67],"90%.":[68],"this":[70,79,261],"study,":[71],"novel":[73,173],"methodology":[74,88],"proposed":[76,120,195],"address":[78],"problem,":[80],"in":[82,95,257],"diagnosis":[85],"classification.":[86],"This":[87,239],"first":[91],"its":[93],"kind":[94],"literature,":[97],"based":[98],"notion":[101],"replication":[103,188],"feature":[106,133,153],"space":[107],"instead":[108],"traditional":[111],"sample":[112],"space.":[113,171],"Briefly,":[114],"main":[116],"steps":[117],"method":[121,196],"include":[122],"extracting,":[123],"embedding,":[124],"exploring":[126],"best":[128],"subset":[129,227],"features.":[131],"extraction,":[134],"we":[135],"adopt":[136],"VBM-SPM;":[137],"embedding":[139],"features,":[140,166],"concatenation":[142],"strategy":[143],"used":[145],"ultimately":[150],"create":[151],"one":[152],"vector":[154,235],"each":[156,223],"subject.":[157],"Principal":[158],"component":[159],"analysis":[160],"applied":[162,176],"extract":[164],"new":[165],"forming":[167],"low-dimensional":[169],"compact":[170],"A":[172],"process":[174],"by":[177,233],"replicating":[178],"selected":[179],"components,":[180],"assessing":[181],"model,":[184],"repeating":[186,240],"until":[189,244],"divergence":[191],"convergence.":[193],"The":[194],"aims":[197],"explore":[199],"significant":[201],"highest-preforming":[204],"model":[205,268],"at":[206],"same":[208],"time,":[209],"classify":[211],"normal":[212,279],"subjects":[213],"AD":[215,277,286],"mild":[217],"cognitive":[218],"impairment":[219],"(MCI)":[220],"patients.":[221],"epoch,":[224],"small":[226],"candidate":[229],"assessed":[232],"support":[234],"machine":[236],"(SVM)":[237],"classifier.":[238],"procedure":[241],"continued":[243],"highest":[246,254],"achieved.":[249],"Experimental":[250],"results":[251],"reveal":[252],"reported":[256],"literature":[259],"specific":[262],"problem.":[264],"We":[265],"with":[269],"accuracies":[270],"98.81%,":[272],"81.61%,":[273],"81.40%":[275],"vs.":[278,283,287],"control":[280],"(NC),":[281],"MCI":[282,288],"NC,":[284],"classification,":[289],"respectively.":[290]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}