{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3004680627","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s20030908","title":"Long-Range Distributed Solar Irradiance Sensing Using Optical Fibers","display_name":"Long-Range Distributed Solar Irradiance Sensing Using Optical Fibers","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-02-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3004680627","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s20030908","mag":"3004680627","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32046270"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s20030908","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s20030908","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/20/3/908/pdf?version=1581158306","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/20/3/908/pdf?version=1581158306","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082432128","display_name":"Regina Magalh\u00e3es","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4666-0840"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I189268942","display_name":"Universidad de Alcal\u00e1","ror":"https://ror.org/04pmn0e78","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I189268942"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Regina Magalh\u00e3es","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dpto. de Electr\u00f3nica, Universidad de Alcal\u00e1, 28805 Alcal\u00e1 de Henares (Madrid), Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dpto. de Electr\u00f3nica, Universidad de Alcal\u00e1, 28805 Alcal\u00e1 de Henares (Madrid), Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I189268942"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024889412","display_name":"Lu\u00eds Costa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5254-0605"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I189268942","display_name":"Universidad de Alcal\u00e1","ror":"https://ror.org/04pmn0e78","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I189268942"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Luis Costa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dpto. de Electr\u00f3nica, Universidad de Alcal\u00e1, 28805 Alcal\u00e1 de Henares (Madrid), Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dpto. de Electr\u00f3nica, Universidad de Alcal\u00e1, 28805 Alcal\u00e1 de Henares (Madrid), Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I189268942"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071730120","display_name":"Sonia Mart\u00edn\u2010L\u00f3pez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5203-6206"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I189268942","display_name":"Universidad de Alcal\u00e1","ror":"https://ror.org/04pmn0e78","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I189268942"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sonia Martin-Lopez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dpto. de Electr\u00f3nica, Universidad de Alcal\u00e1, 28805 Alcal\u00e1 de Henares (Madrid), Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dpto. de Electr\u00f3nica, Universidad de Alcal\u00e1, 28805 Alcal\u00e1 de Henares (Madrid), Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I189268942"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043218875","display_name":"Miguel Gonz\u00e1lez\u2010Herr\u00e1ez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2555-2971"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I189268942","display_name":"Universidad de Alcal\u00e1","ror":"https://ror.org/04pmn0e78","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I189268942"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Miguel Gonzalez-Herraez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dpto. de Electr\u00f3nica, Universidad de Alcal\u00e1, 28805 Alcal\u00e1 de Henares (Madrid), Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dpto. de Electr\u00f3nica, Universidad de Alcal\u00e1, 28805 Alcal\u00e1 de Henares (Madrid), Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I189268942"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028261221","display_name":"Alejandro F. Bra\u00f1a","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2125-8495"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63634437","display_name":"Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Madrid","ror":"https://ror.org/01cby8j38","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63634437"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alejandro F. Bra\u00f1a","raw_affiliation_strings":["Grupo de Electr\u00f3nica y Semiconductores, Dpto. de F\u00edsica Aplicada, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2125-8495","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Grupo de Electr\u00f3nica y Semiconductores, Dpto. de F\u00edsica Aplicada, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63634437"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022042304","display_name":"Hugo F. Martins","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3927-8125"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I134820265","display_name":"Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas","ror":"https://ror.org/02gfc7t72","country_code":"ES","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I134820265"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hugo F. Martins","raw_affiliation_strings":["Instituto de \u00d3ptica, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas, 28006 Madrid, Spain"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3927-8125","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Instituto de \u00d3ptica, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas, 28006 Madrid, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134820265"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5082432128"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I189268942"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":0.6242,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.66904272,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"20","issue":"3","first_page":"908","last_page":"908"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10205","display_name":"Advanced Fiber Optic Sensors","score":0.9948999881744385,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10205","display_name":"Advanced Fiber Optic Sensors","score":0.9948999881744385,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10851","display_name":"Optical Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9896000027656555,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11276","display_name":"Solar Radiation and Photovoltaics","score":0.987500011920929,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/solar-irradiance","display_name":"Solar irradiance","score":0.7895607948303223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/irradiance","display_name":"Irradiance","score":0.706739604473114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.6612735986709595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.5460938215255737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radiance","display_name":"Radiance","score":0.4762271046638489},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/solar-energy","display_name":"Solar energy","score":0.4543269872665405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optical-fiber","display_name":"Optical fiber","score":0.43690240383148193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.4164726138114929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/meteorology","display_name":"Meteorology","score":0.28499695658683777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.18756505846977234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.13853460550308228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.09791281819343567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.08122575283050537}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9695528","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7556707","display_name":"Solar irradiance","level":2,"score":0.7895607948303223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46423501","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830654","display_name":"Irradiance","level":2,"score":0.706739604473114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.6612735986709595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.5460938215255737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23690007","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1411145","display_name":"Radiance","level":2,"score":0.4762271046638489},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C541104983","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40015","display_name":"Solar energy","level":2,"score":0.4543269872665405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194232370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162","display_name":"Optical fiber","level":2,"score":0.43690240383148193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.4164726138114929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.28499695658683777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.18756505846977234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.13853460550308228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.09791281819343567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.08122575283050537}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":6,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s20030908","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s20030908","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/20/3/908/pdf?version=1581158306","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:32046270","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32046270","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:digital.csic.es:10261/223054","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10261/223054","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400616","display_name":"DIGITAL.CSIC (Spanish National Research Council (CSIC))","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I134820265","host_organization_name":"Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I134820265"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"art\u00edculo"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:607926b5df554f92a329ab49d09b0e01","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/607926b5df554f92a329ab49d09b0e01","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 20, Iss 3, p 908 (2020)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/20/3/908/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20030908","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:7038958","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/7038958","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s20030908","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s20030908","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/20/3/908/pdf?version=1581158306","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.75}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1173309073","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"FINESSE, MSCA-ITN-ETN-722509","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1418467884","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"MSCA-ITN-ETN-722509","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1833755255","display_name":"Fibre Nervous Sensing Systems","funder_award_id":"722509","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2364966382","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"P2018/NMT-4326","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320313831","funder_display_name":"Comunidad de Madrid"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3513396607","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"RTI2018-097957-B-C31","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320315062","funder_display_name":"Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovaci\u00f3n y Universidades"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5055791661","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"IJCI-2017-33856","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320315062","funder_display_name":"Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovaci\u00f3n y Universidades"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5081130682","display_name":"Ocean-Bottom Distributed Acoustic Sensors: new tools for Underwater Seismology","funder_award_id":"875302","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7761415652","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"SINFOTON2-CM: P2018/NMT-4326","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320313831","funder_display_name":"Comunidad de Madrid"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8112443325","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"SINFOTON2-CM","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320313831","funder_display_name":"Comunidad de Madrid"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8181105605","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"RTI2018","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320315062","funder_display_name":"Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovaci\u00f3n y Universidades"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8610684117","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"RTI2018-097957-B-C33","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320315062","funder_display_name":"Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovaci\u00f3n y Universidades"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320313831","display_name":"Comunidad de Madrid","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320315062","display_name":"Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovaci\u00f3n y Universidades","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","display_name":"European Commission","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3004680627.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3004680627.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":43,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1599594741","https://openalex.org/W1662968716","https://openalex.org/W1833545204","https://openalex.org/W1986487349","https://openalex.org/W1992175106","https://openalex.org/W1992966436","https://openalex.org/W2003260736","https://openalex.org/W2005892027","https://openalex.org/W2007866903","https://openalex.org/W2008684315","https://openalex.org/W2022752359","https://openalex.org/W2042511026","https://openalex.org/W2043287168","https://openalex.org/W2053239664","https://openalex.org/W2061766753","https://openalex.org/W2079126407","https://openalex.org/W2095413336","https://openalex.org/W2106801809","https://openalex.org/W2125011060","https://openalex.org/W2125523895","https://openalex.org/W2135588090","https://openalex.org/W2137820449","https://openalex.org/W2140409241","https://openalex.org/W2141444957","https://openalex.org/W2168519756","https://openalex.org/W2169534756","https://openalex.org/W2297929192","https://openalex.org/W2407746226","https://openalex.org/W2412512993","https://openalex.org/W2529252998","https://openalex.org/W2550064640","https://openalex.org/W2569349941","https://openalex.org/W2582806346","https://openalex.org/W2754661765","https://openalex.org/W2913348958","https://openalex.org/W2920926129","https://openalex.org/W2947136437","https://openalex.org/W2949833839","https://openalex.org/W2970738825","https://openalex.org/W2971261518","https://openalex.org/W2973313662","https://openalex.org/W2979823039","https://openalex.org/W6757798929"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1530649511","https://openalex.org/W3104379783","https://openalex.org/W3106902037","https://openalex.org/W2131174359","https://openalex.org/W4322211974","https://openalex.org/W2104775196","https://openalex.org/W2884263184","https://openalex.org/W2995848355","https://openalex.org/W1749313231","https://openalex.org/W4293569381"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Until":[0],"recently,":[1],"the":[2,8,19,53,67,73,85,93,167,182],"amount":[3],"of":[4,69,87,99,114,117,143,166],"solar":[5,49,58,70,102,144,173,188],"irradiance":[6,71,103,189],"reaching":[7],"Earth":[9],"surface":[10],"was":[11],"considered":[12,78],"to":[13,38,48,79,120,184],"be":[14,39,80],"a":[15,81,147,153,172,193],"steady":[16],"value":[17],"over":[18,34,112],"years.":[20],"However,":[21],"there":[22],"is":[23,76,125,159,169],"increasing":[24],"observational":[25],"evidence":[26],"showing":[27],"that":[28,88],"this":[29],"quantity":[30],"undergoes":[31],"substantial":[32],"variations":[33],"time,":[35,106],"which":[36,134],"need":[37],"addressed":[40],"in":[41,56,84,104],"different":[42],"scenarios":[43],"ranging":[44],"from":[45],"climate":[46],"change":[47],"energy":[50,59],"applications.":[51],"With":[52],"growing":[54],"interest":[55],"developing":[57],"technology":[60],"with":[61,107,146,190],"enhanced":[62],"efficiency":[63],"and":[64,138,152,161,186],"optimized":[65],"management,":[66],"monitoring":[68,100],"at":[72],"ground":[74,101],"level":[75],"now":[77],"fundamental":[82],"input":[83],"pursuit":[86],"goal.":[89],"Here,":[90],"we":[91,180],"propose":[92],"first":[94],"fiber-based":[95],"distributed":[96],"sensor":[97],"able":[98],"real":[105,136],"meter":[108],"scale":[109],"spatial":[110],"resolutions":[111],"distances":[113],"several":[115],"tens":[116],"kilometers":[118],"(up":[119],"100":[121],"km).":[122],"The":[123,157],"technique":[124,132],"based":[126],"on":[127],"an":[128],"optical":[129,149,177],"fiber":[130,150],"reflectometry":[131],"(CP-\u03d5OTDR),":[133],"enables":[135],"time":[137],"long-range":[139],"high-sensitivity":[140],"bolometric":[141],"measurements":[142],"radiance":[145],"single":[148,154],"cable":[151],"interrogator":[155],"unit.":[156],"method":[158,168],"explained":[160],"analyzed":[162],"theoretically.":[163],"A":[164],"validation":[165],"proposed":[170],"using":[171],"simulator":[174],"irradiating":[175],"standard":[176],"fibers,":[178],"where":[179],"demonstrate":[181],"ability":[183],"detect":[185],"quantify":[187],"less":[191],"than":[192],"0.1":[194],"W/m2":[195],"resolution.":[196]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
