{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3004776061","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s20030840","title":"Experimental Validation of Microwave Tomography with the DBIM-TwIST Algorithm for Brain Stroke Detection and Classification","display_name":"Experimental Validation of Microwave Tomography with the DBIM-TwIST Algorithm for Brain Stroke Detection and Classification","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-02-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3004776061","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s20030840","mag":"3004776061","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32033241"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s20030840","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s20030840","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/20/3/840/pdf?version=1581402922","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/20/3/840/pdf?version=1581402922","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059514300","display_name":"Olympia Karadima","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2756-8515"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183935753","display_name":"King's College London","ror":"https://ror.org/0220mzb33","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I183935753"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Olympia Karadima","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Natural and Mathematical Sciences, King\u2019s College London, Strand, London WC2R 2LS, UK","Faculty of Natural and Mathematical Sciences, King's College London, Strand, London WC2R 2LS, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2756-8515","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Natural and Mathematical Sciences, King\u2019s College London, Strand, London WC2R 2LS, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183935753"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Natural and Mathematical Sciences, King's College London, Strand, London WC2R 2LS, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183935753"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048975116","display_name":"Mohammed Rahman","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183935753","display_name":"King's College London","ror":"https://ror.org/0220mzb33","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I183935753"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohammed Rahman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Natural and Mathematical Sciences, King\u2019s College London, Strand, London WC2R 2LS, UK","Faculty of Natural and Mathematical Sciences, King's College London, Strand, London WC2R 2LS, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Natural and Mathematical Sciences, King\u2019s College London, Strand, London WC2R 2LS, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183935753"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Natural and Mathematical Sciences, King's College London, Strand, London WC2R 2LS, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183935753"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009486791","display_name":"Ioannis Sotiriou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0924-9078"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183935753","display_name":"King's College London","ror":"https://ror.org/0220mzb33","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I183935753"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ioannis Sotiriou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Natural and Mathematical Sciences, King\u2019s College London, Strand, London WC2R 2LS, UK","Faculty of Natural and Mathematical Sciences, King's College London, Strand, London WC2R 2LS, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0924-9078","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Natural and Mathematical Sciences, King\u2019s College London, Strand, London WC2R 2LS, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183935753"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Natural and Mathematical Sciences, King's College London, Strand, London WC2R 2LS, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183935753"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074261554","display_name":"Navid Ghavami","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5102-0760"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183935753","display_name":"King's College London","ror":"https://ror.org/0220mzb33","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I183935753"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Navid Ghavami","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Natural and Mathematical Sciences, King\u2019s College London, Strand, London WC2R 2LS, UK","Faculty of Natural and Mathematical Sciences, King's College London, Strand, London WC2R 2LS, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Natural and Mathematical Sciences, King\u2019s College London, Strand, London WC2R 2LS, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183935753"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Natural and Mathematical Sciences, King's College London, Strand, London WC2R 2LS, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183935753"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027128301","display_name":"Pan Lu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9128-4728"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183935753","display_name":"King's College London","ror":"https://ror.org/0220mzb33","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I183935753"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pan Lu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Natural and Mathematical Sciences, King\u2019s College London, Strand, London WC2R 2LS, UK","Faculty of Natural and Mathematical Sciences, King's College London, Strand, London WC2R 2LS, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9128-4728","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Natural and Mathematical Sciences, King\u2019s College London, Strand, London WC2R 2LS, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183935753"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Natural and Mathematical Sciences, King's College London, Strand, London WC2R 2LS, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183935753"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085741772","display_name":"Syed Ahsan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9545-9903"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183935753","display_name":"King's College London","ror":"https://ror.org/0220mzb33","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I183935753"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Syed Ahsan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Natural and Mathematical Sciences, King\u2019s College London, Strand, London WC2R 2LS, UK","Faculty of Natural and Mathematical Sciences, King's College London, Strand, London WC2R 2LS, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Natural and Mathematical Sciences, King\u2019s College London, Strand, London WC2R 2LS, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183935753"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Natural and Mathematical Sciences, King's College London, Strand, London WC2R 2LS, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183935753"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073887593","display_name":"Panagiotis Kosmas","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9759-2820"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183935753","display_name":"King's College London","ror":"https://ror.org/0220mzb33","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I183935753"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Panagiotis Kosmas","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Natural and Mathematical Sciences, King\u2019s College London, Strand, London WC2R 2LS, UK","Faculty of Natural and Mathematical Sciences, King's College London, Strand, London WC2R 2LS, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9759-2820","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Natural and Mathematical Sciences, King\u2019s College London, Strand, London WC2R 2LS, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183935753"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Natural and Mathematical Sciences, King's College London, Strand, London WC2R 2LS, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183935753"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5059514300","https://openalex.org/A5073887593"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183935753"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":5.3131,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":88,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96542313,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"20","issue":"3","first_page":"840","last_page":"840"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11739","display_name":"Microwave Imaging and Scattering Analysis","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11739","display_name":"Microwave Imaging and Scattering Analysis","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11607","display_name":"Microwave and Dielectric Measurement Techniques","score":0.9965000152587891,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":0.9940999746322632,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/imaging-phantom","display_name":"Imaging phantom","score":0.563425600528717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.5241670608520508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microwave-imaging","display_name":"Microwave imaging","score":0.4793292284011841},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inverse","display_name":"Inverse","score":0.4594823122024536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thresholding","display_name":"Thresholding","score":0.45212650299072266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tomography","display_name":"Tomography","score":0.44733697175979614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4391976296901703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inverse-problem","display_name":"Inverse problem","score":0.42838940024375916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/twist","display_name":"Twist","score":0.4109351933002472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dielectric","display_name":"Dielectric","score":0.4109213352203369},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.351495623588562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microwave","display_name":"Microwave","score":0.3283178508281708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.29420608282089233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.2153608798980713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.1759870946407318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optoelectronics","display_name":"Optoelectronics","score":0.09914210438728333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-analysis","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","score":0.08829006552696228}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104293457","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28324852","display_name":"Imaging phantom","level":2,"score":0.563425600528717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.5241670608520508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779885931","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17010029","display_name":"Microwave imaging","level":3,"score":0.4793292284011841},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207467116","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4385666","display_name":"Inverse","level":2,"score":0.4594823122024536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191178318","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2256906","display_name":"Thresholding","level":3,"score":0.45212650299072266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163716698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q841267","display_name":"Tomography","level":2,"score":0.44733697175979614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4391976296901703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135252773","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1567213","display_name":"Inverse problem","level":2,"score":0.42838940024375916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776196297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17138781","display_name":"Twist","level":2,"score":0.4109351933002472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133386390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184996","display_name":"Dielectric","level":2,"score":0.4109213352203369},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.351495623588562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44838205","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q127995","display_name":"Microwave","level":2,"score":0.3283178508281708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.29420608282089233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.2153608798980713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.1759870946407318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.09914210438728333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.08829006552696228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000080925","descriptor_name":"Microwave Imaging","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000080925","descriptor_name":"Microwave Imaging","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000080925","descriptor_name":"Microwave Imaging","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000080925","descriptor_name":"Microwave Imaging","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001921","descriptor_name":"Brain","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001921","descriptor_name":"Brain","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001921","descriptor_name":"Brain","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001921","descriptor_name":"Brain","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002545","descriptor_name":"Brain Ischemia","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002545","descriptor_name":"Brain Ischemia","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002545","descriptor_name":"Brain Ischemia","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002545","descriptor_name":"Brain Ischemia","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005782","descriptor_name":"Gels","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005782","descriptor_name":"Gels","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005782","descriptor_name":"Gels","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005782","descriptor_name":"Gels","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007091","descriptor_name":"Image Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007091","descriptor_name":"Image Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007091","descriptor_name":"Image Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007091","descriptor_name":"Image Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008872","descriptor_name":"Microwaves","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008872","descriptor_name":"Microwaves","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008872","descriptor_name":"Microwaves","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008872","descriptor_name":"Microwaves","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012542","descriptor_name":"Scattering, Radiation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012542","descriptor_name":"Scattering, Radiation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012542","descriptor_name":"Scattering, Radiation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012542","descriptor_name":"Scattering, Radiation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012815","descriptor_name":"Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012815","descriptor_name":"Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012815","descriptor_name":"Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012815","descriptor_name":"Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014054","descriptor_name":"Tomography","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014054","descriptor_name":"Tomography","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014054","descriptor_name":"Tomography","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014054","descriptor_name":"Tomography","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015203","descriptor_name":"Reproducibility of Results","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015203","descriptor_name":"Reproducibility of Results","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015203","descriptor_name":"Reproducibility of Results","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015203","descriptor_name":"Reproducibility of Results","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019047","descriptor_name":"Phantoms, Imaging","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019047","descriptor_name":"Phantoms, Imaging","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019047","descriptor_name":"Phantoms, Imaging","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019047","descriptor_name":"Phantoms, Imaging","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D020521","descriptor_name":"Stroke","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D020521","descriptor_name":"Stroke","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D020521","descriptor_name":"Stroke","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D020521","descriptor_name":"Stroke","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D021621","descriptor_name":"Imaging, Three-Dimensional","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D021621","descriptor_name":"Imaging, Three-Dimensional","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D021621","descriptor_name":"Imaging, Three-Dimensional","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D021621","descriptor_name":"Imaging, Three-Dimensional","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":7,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s20030840","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s20030840","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/20/3/840/pdf?version=1581402922","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:32033241","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32033241","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:kclpure.kcl.ac.uk:publications/080f3202-ad0b-41f2-ad89-35f7c77b4577","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/publications/080f3202-ad0b-41f2-ad89-35f7c77b4577","pdf_url":"https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/ws/files/123484938/sensors_20_00840_1_.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400216","display_name":"Research Portal (King's College London)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I183935753","host_organization_name":"King's College London","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183935753"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Karadima, O, Rahman, M W, Sotiriou, J, Ghavami, N, Lu, P, Ahsan, S N & Kosmas, P 2020, 'Experimental Validation of Microwave Tomographywith the DBIM-TwIST Algorithm for Brain StrokeDetection and Classification', SENSORS, vol. 20, no. 3, 840. https://doi.org/10.3390/s20030840","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:a58942d2d6964f299606c91ce4c0db2a","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/a58942d2d6964f299606c91ce4c0db2a","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 20, Iss 3, p 840 (2020)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/20/3/840/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20030840","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:7038739","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/7038739","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:zenodo.org:3757815","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://zenodo.org/record/3757815","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s20030840","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s20030840","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/20/3/840/pdf?version=1581402922","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1278216724","display_name":"ElectroMagnetic imaging for a novel genERation of medicAL Devices","funder_award_id":"764479","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338337","funder_display_name":"H2020 Marie Sk\u0142odowska-Curie Actions"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G452731552","display_name":"Detecting and Monitoring Stroke in China Using a Low-Cost, Portable Microwave Scanner (DeMoStroke)","funder_award_id":"EP/R013918/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6164743158","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"764479","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","display_name":"European Commission","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/0439y7842"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338337","display_name":"H2020 Marie Sk\u0142odowska-Curie Actions","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3004776061.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":50,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1511667231","https://openalex.org/W1541124929","https://openalex.org/W1929507333","https://openalex.org/W1964494134","https://openalex.org/W1970534438","https://openalex.org/W1992567986","https://openalex.org/W1993037340","https://openalex.org/W2000978429","https://openalex.org/W2001345040","https://openalex.org/W2022981781","https://openalex.org/W2023279849","https://openalex.org/W2028349405","https://openalex.org/W2055054213","https://openalex.org/W2060081920","https://openalex.org/W2066155729","https://openalex.org/W2069472142","https://openalex.org/W2082205811","https://openalex.org/W2106874336","https://openalex.org/W2113837331","https://openalex.org/W2130637270","https://openalex.org/W2139198144","https://openalex.org/W2150274370","https://openalex.org/W2159918397","https://openalex.org/W2196906371","https://openalex.org/W2281421890","https://openalex.org/W2336766440","https://openalex.org/W2476260696","https://openalex.org/W2560002865","https://openalex.org/W2594063230","https://openalex.org/W2744749068","https://openalex.org/W2745360823","https://openalex.org/W2762791016","https://openalex.org/W2766769603","https://openalex.org/W2887433393","https://openalex.org/W2888961988","https://openalex.org/W2890358670","https://openalex.org/W2896229036","https://openalex.org/W2898661188","https://openalex.org/W2904897572","https://openalex.org/W2909429531","https://openalex.org/W2915013978","https://openalex.org/W2915142973","https://openalex.org/W2933606628","https://openalex.org/W2942946817","https://openalex.org/W2948704044","https://openalex.org/W2963003007","https://openalex.org/W2967754533","https://openalex.org/W2982564052","https://openalex.org/W2990238027","https://openalex.org/W6742582975"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1542224353","https://openalex.org/W1661087619","https://openalex.org/W2116854923","https://openalex.org/W2750730210","https://openalex.org/W2236974868","https://openalex.org/W2152038938","https://openalex.org/W2314254201","https://openalex.org/W2103253790","https://openalex.org/W1991507680","https://openalex.org/W2048340126"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0],"present":[1],"an":[2,112],"initial":[3],"experimental":[4,66,117],"validation":[5,29],"of":[6,32,61,86,106,114,131],"a":[7,46,51],"microwave":[8],"tomography":[9],"(MWT)":[10],"prototypefor":[11],"brain":[12,48],"stroke":[13,55,99],"detection":[14],"and":[15,34,42,68,125],"classification":[16],"using":[17,77],"the":[18,40,43,62,70,78,83,87,98,107,115,119],"distorted":[19],"Born":[20],"iterative":[21],"method,":[22],"two-stepiterative":[23],"shrinkage":[24],"thresholding":[25],"(DBIM-TwIST)":[26],"algorithm.":[27],"The":[28],"study":[30],"consists":[31],"firstpreparing":[33],"characterizing":[35],"gel":[36],"phantoms":[37,63],"which":[38],"mimic":[39],"structure":[41],"dielectric":[44,84,133],"propertiesof":[45],"simplified":[47],"model":[49],"with":[50],"haemorrhagic":[52,124],"or":[53],"ischemic":[54,126],"target.":[56],"Then,":[57],"we":[58,93],"measure":[59],"theS-parameters":[60],"in":[64,101],"our":[65],"prototype":[67,120],"process":[69],"scattered":[71],"signals":[72],"from":[73],"0.5to":[74],"2.5":[75],"GHz":[76],"DBIM-TwIST":[79],"algorithm":[80],"to":[81,96],"estimate":[82],"properties":[85],"reconstructiondomain.":[88],"Our":[89],"results":[90],"demonstrate":[91],"that":[92],"are":[94],"able":[95],"detect":[97],"target":[100],"scenarios":[102],"where":[103],"theinitial":[104],"guess":[105],"inverse":[108],"problem":[109],"is":[110],"only":[111],"approximation":[113],"true":[116],"phantom.Moreover,":[118],"can":[121],"differentiate":[122],"between":[123],"strokes":[127],"based":[128],"on":[129],"theestimation":[130],"their":[132],"properties.":[134]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":21},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":7}],"updated_date":"2026-05-22T06:13:13.366637","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
