{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2996619250","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s20010003","title":"Maintaining Transparency of a Heated MEMS Membrane for Enabling Long-Term Optical Measurements on Soot-Containing Exhaust Gas","display_name":"Maintaining Transparency of a Heated MEMS Membrane for Enabling Long-Term Optical Measurements on Soot-Containing Exhaust Gas","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-12-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2996619250","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s20010003","mag":"2996619250","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31861255"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s20010003","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s20010003","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/20/1/3/pdf?version=1576755666","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/20/1/3/pdf?version=1576755666","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056978501","display_name":"Luke M. Middelburg","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1599-6659"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98358874","display_name":"Delft University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02e2c7k09","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Luke M. Middelburg","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Microelectronics, Faculty of EEMCS, Delft University of Technology, Mekelweg 4, 2628CD Delft, The Netherlands"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Microelectronics, Faculty of EEMCS, Delft University of Technology, Mekelweg 4, 2628CD Delft, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040899921","display_name":"M. Ghaderi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0546-9732"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66862912","display_name":"Chalmers University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/040wg7k59","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66862912"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohammadamir Ghaderi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chalmers University of Technology, Department of Microtechnology and Nanoscience, EMSL, Kemiv\u00e5gen 9, 412 58 Gothenburg, Sweden"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chalmers University of Technology, Department of Microtechnology and Nanoscience, EMSL, Kemiv\u00e5gen 9, 412 58 Gothenburg, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66862912"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039228422","display_name":"David Bilby","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3997-2168"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1292974536","display_name":"Ford Motor Company (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00g2tkw06","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1292974536"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David Bilby","raw_affiliation_strings":["Research and Advanced Engineering, Ford Motor Company, Dearborn, MI 48121, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research and Advanced Engineering, Ford Motor Company, Dearborn, MI 48121, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1292974536"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109423587","display_name":"Jaco Visser","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1292974536","display_name":"Ford Motor Company (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00g2tkw06","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1292974536"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jaco H. Visser","raw_affiliation_strings":["Research and Advanced Engineering, Ford Motor Company, Dearborn, MI 48121, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research and Advanced Engineering, Ford Motor Company, Dearborn, MI 48121, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1292974536"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110342272","display_name":"Guo Qi Zhang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98358874","display_name":"Delft University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02e2c7k09","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guo Qi Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Microelectronics, Faculty of EEMCS, Delft University of Technology, Mekelweg 4, 2628CD Delft, The Netherlands"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Microelectronics, Faculty of EEMCS, Delft University of Technology, Mekelweg 4, 2628CD Delft, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044340940","display_name":"Per Lundgren","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3234-1670"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66862912","display_name":"Chalmers University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/040wg7k59","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66862912"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Per Lundgren","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chalmers University of Technology, Department of Microtechnology and Nanoscience, EMSL, Kemiv\u00e5gen 9, 412 58 Gothenburg, Sweden"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chalmers University of Technology, Department of Microtechnology and Nanoscience, EMSL, Kemiv\u00e5gen 9, 412 58 Gothenburg, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66862912"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022165395","display_name":"Peter Enoksson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4207-430X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66862912","display_name":"Chalmers University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/040wg7k59","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66862912"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peter Enoksson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chalmers University of Technology, Department of Microtechnology and Nanoscience, EMSL, Kemiv\u00e5gen 9, 412 58 Gothenburg, Sweden"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chalmers University of Technology, Department of Microtechnology and Nanoscience, EMSL, Kemiv\u00e5gen 9, 412 58 Gothenburg, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66862912"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072116455","display_name":"R.F. Wolffenbuttel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2074-4958"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66862912","display_name":"Chalmers University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/040wg7k59","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66862912"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Reinoud F. Wolffenbuttel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chalmers University of Technology, Department of Microtechnology and Nanoscience, EMSL, Kemiv\u00e5gen 9, 412 58 Gothenburg, Sweden"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chalmers University of Technology, Department of Microtechnology and Nanoscience, EMSL, Kemiv\u00e5gen 9, 412 58 Gothenburg, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66862912"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5056978501"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":1.1128,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.74823096,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"20","issue":"1","first_page":"3","last_page":"3"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11111","display_name":"Spectroscopy and Laser Applications","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1607","display_name":"Spectroscopy"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11111","display_name":"Spectroscopy and Laser Applications","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1607","display_name":"Spectroscopy"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10461","display_name":"Gas Sensing Nanomaterials and Sensors","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10192","display_name":"Catalytic Processes in Materials Science","score":0.9955000281333923,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soot","display_name":"Soot","score":0.8588368892669678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.6889029145240784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/membrane","display_name":"Membrane","score":0.6355313062667847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microelectromechanical-systems","display_name":"Microelectromechanical systems","score":0.5821006298065186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microheater","display_name":"Microheater","score":0.49329107999801636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exhaust-gas","display_name":"Exhaust gas","score":0.4431461691856384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optoelectronics","display_name":"Optoelectronics","score":0.3960829973220825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/combustion","display_name":"Combustion","score":0.39331290125846863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/analytical-chemistry","display_name":"Analytical Chemistry (journal)","score":0.3438994884490967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chemical-engineering","display_name":"Chemical engineering","score":0.32604676485061646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fabrication","display_name":"Fabrication","score":0.19777488708496094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/waste-management","display_name":"Waste management","score":0.1877279281616211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chemistry","display_name":"Chemistry","score":0.171296626329422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chromatography","display_name":"Chromatography","score":0.08975109457969666}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775925408","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13174856","display_name":"Soot","level":3,"score":0.8588368892669678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.6889029145240784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41625074","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176088","display_name":"Membrane","level":2,"score":0.6355313062667847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37977207","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175561","display_name":"Microelectromechanical systems","level":2,"score":0.5821006298065186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779426163","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17123760","display_name":"Microheater","level":4,"score":0.49329107999801636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779139147","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q320173","display_name":"Exhaust gas","level":2,"score":0.4431461691856384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.3960829973220825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105923489","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133235","display_name":"Combustion","level":2,"score":0.39331290125846863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113196181","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q485223","display_name":"Analytical Chemistry (journal)","level":2,"score":0.3438994884490967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42360764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83588","display_name":"Chemical engineering","level":1,"score":0.32604676485061646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136525101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5428139","display_name":"Fabrication","level":3,"score":0.19777488708496094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C548081761","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180388","display_name":"Waste management","level":1,"score":0.1877279281616211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.171296626329422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43617362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170050","display_name":"Chromatography","level":1,"score":0.08975109457969666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204787440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188504","display_name":"Alternative medicine","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":6,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s20010003","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s20010003","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/20/1/3/pdf?version=1576755666","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:31861255","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31861255","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:tudelft.nl:uuid:8595149f-9e21-4119-8f28-65581a19ca66","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:8595149f-9e21-4119-8f28-65581a19ca66","pdf_url":"http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:8595149f-9e21-4119-8f28-65581a19ca66","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400906","display_name":"Research Repository (Delft University of Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I98358874","host_organization_name":"Delft University of Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"journal article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/20/1/3/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20010003","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:6982716","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/6982716","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:research.chalmers.se:514662","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://research.chalmers.se/en/publication/514662","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402469","display_name":"Chalmers Research (Chalmers University of Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I66862912","host_organization_name":"Chalmers University of Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66862912"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":""}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s20010003","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s20010003","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/20/1/3/pdf?version=1576755666","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.7699999809265137}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G232350120","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"URP2016","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320307103","funder_display_name":"Ford Motor Company"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4442421288","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"47116","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321030","funder_display_name":"VINNOVA"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320307103","display_name":"Ford Motor Company","ror":"https://ror.org/00g2tkw06"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321012","display_name":"Technische Universiteit Delft","ror":"https://ror.org/02e2c7k09"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321030","display_name":"VINNOVA","ror":"https://ror.org/01kd5m353"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2996619250.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2996619250.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":28,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W317212471","https://openalex.org/W602732352","https://openalex.org/W1587395735","https://openalex.org/W1986023539","https://openalex.org/W1989608490","https://openalex.org/W1990390642","https://openalex.org/W2005728282","https://openalex.org/W2006614703","https://openalex.org/W2011163119","https://openalex.org/W2019382958","https://openalex.org/W2034076814","https://openalex.org/W2036501083","https://openalex.org/W2047649702","https://openalex.org/W2059060058","https://openalex.org/W2065753743","https://openalex.org/W2083977885","https://openalex.org/W2112164225","https://openalex.org/W2119942537","https://openalex.org/W2121677122","https://openalex.org/W2135202804","https://openalex.org/W2136951918","https://openalex.org/W2140212259","https://openalex.org/W2163994219","https://openalex.org/W2346712170","https://openalex.org/W2620648748","https://openalex.org/W2896699437","https://openalex.org/W2912206355","https://openalex.org/W4245755231"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2079928829","https://openalex.org/W1969711776","https://openalex.org/W4390791705","https://openalex.org/W3208278757","https://openalex.org/W2542897164","https://openalex.org/W2382392107","https://openalex.org/W3088675879","https://openalex.org/W2313441236","https://openalex.org/W4200187317","https://openalex.org/W2968914916"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Ensuring":[0],"optical":[1,39],"transparency":[2,83,185],"over":[3],"a":[4,9,12,48,59,133],"wide":[5],"spectral":[6],"range":[7],"of":[8,17,29,44,52,90,105,165],"window":[10,50,82],"with":[11,58],"view":[13],"into":[14],"the":[15,18,26,78,91,111,114,161,195,200],"tailpipe":[16],"combustion":[19],"engine,":[20],"while":[21,190],"it":[22],"is":[23,33,84,116,129],"exposed":[24],"to":[25,66,99,131,145,160,167,179],"harsh":[27],"environment":[28],"soot-containing":[30],"exhaust":[31],"gas,":[32],"an":[34,53,94],"essential":[35],"pre-requisite":[36],"for":[37,41,97],"introducing":[38],"techniques":[40],"long-term":[42],"monitoring":[43],"automotive":[45],"emissions.":[46],"Therefore,":[47],"regenerable":[49],"composed":[51],"optically":[54],"transparent":[55,118],"polysilicon-carbide":[56],"membrane":[57,92,115],"diameter":[60],"ranging":[61],"from":[62],"100":[63],"\u00b5m":[64,68],"up":[65],"2000":[67],"has":[69],"been":[70,143,156],"fabricated":[71],"in":[72,103],"microelectromechanical":[73],"systems":[74],"(MEMS)":[75],"technology.":[76],"In":[77,110],"first":[79],"operating":[80],"mode,":[81,113],"periodically":[85],"restored":[86],"by":[87,119,136],"pulsed":[88],"heating":[89,98,164],"using":[93,123],"integrated":[95,127],"resistor":[96,128],"temperatures":[100,151],"that":[101],"result":[102],"oxidation":[104],"deposited":[106],"soot":[107,121,147,188],"(600-700":[108],"\u00b0C).":[109],"second":[112],"kept":[117],"repelling":[120],"particles":[122],"thermophoresis.":[124],"The":[125],"same":[126,196,201],"used":[130],"yield":[132],"temperature":[134,174],"gradient":[135],"continuous":[137],"moderate-temperature":[138],"heating.":[139],"Realized":[140],"devices":[141],"have":[142,155],"subjected":[144],"laboratory":[146],"exposure":[148,202],"experiments.":[149],"Membrane":[150],"exceeding":[152],"500":[153],"\u00b0C":[154,171],"achieved":[157],"without":[158],"damage":[159],"membrane.":[162],"Moreover,":[163],"membranes":[166,193],"\u0394T":[168],"=":[169],"40":[170],"above":[172],"gas":[173],"provides":[175],"sufficient":[176],"thermophoretic":[177],"repulsion":[178],"prevent":[180],"particle":[181],"deposition":[182],"and":[183,198],"maintain":[184],"at":[186,199],"high":[187],"exposure,":[189],"non-heated":[191],"identical":[192],"on":[194],"die":[197],"are":[203],"heavily":[204],"contaminated.":[205]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-03-20T23:20:44.827607","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}