{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2995297292","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s19245489","title":"Assessing Global Ionosphere TEC Maps with Satellite Altimetry and Ionospheric Radio Occultation Observations","display_name":"Assessing Global Ionosphere TEC Maps with Satellite Altimetry and Ionospheric Radio Occultation Observations","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-12-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2995297292","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s19245489","mag":"2995297292","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31842443"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s19245489","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s19245489","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/19/24/5489/pdf?version=1576647926","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/19/24/5489/pdf?version=1576647926","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100649421","display_name":"Wei Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-2262-202X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3124059619","display_name":"China University of Geosciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04gcegc37","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210105990","display_name":"Institute of Geodesy and Geophysics","ror":"https://ror.org/01gkn6j11","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210105990"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wei Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Geography and Information Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China","State Key Laboratory of Geodesy and Earth\u2019s Dynamics, Institute of Geodesy and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430077, China","State Key Laboratory of Geodesy and Earth's Dynamics, Institute of Geodesy and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430077, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Geography and Information Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Geodesy and Earth\u2019s Dynamics, Institute of Geodesy and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430077, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210105990","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Geodesy and Earth's Dynamics, Institute of Geodesy and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430077, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210105990","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070590874","display_name":"Longqiang Huang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3124059619","display_name":"China University of Geosciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04gcegc37","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210126705","display_name":"Guangzhou Urban Planning Survey & Design Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/02crg7060","country_code":"CN","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210126705"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Longqiang Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Guangzhou Urban Planning & Design Survey Research Institute, Guangzhou 510060, China","School of Geography and Information Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Guangzhou Urban Planning & Design Survey Research Institute, Guangzhou 510060, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210126705"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Geography and Information Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034689588","display_name":"Shaocheng Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5379-8293"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3124059619","display_name":"China University of Geosciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04gcegc37","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Shaocheng Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Geography and Information Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5379-8293","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Geography and Information Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103710993","display_name":"Yanju Chai","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210105990","display_name":"Institute of Geodesy and Geophysics","ror":"https://ror.org/01gkn6j11","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210105990"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yanju Chai","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Geodesy and Earth\u2019s Dynamics, Institute of Geodesy and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430077, China","State Key Laboratory of Geodesy and Earth's Dynamics, Institute of Geodesy and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430077, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Geodesy and Earth\u2019s Dynamics, Institute of Geodesy and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430077, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210105990","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Geodesy and Earth's Dynamics, Institute of Geodesy and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430077, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210105990","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5034689588"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":1.4098,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":19,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.82102447,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"19","issue":"24","first_page":"5489","last_page":"5489"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10159","display_name":"Ionosphere and magnetosphere dynamics","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10159","display_name":"Ionosphere and magnetosphere dynamics","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10655","display_name":"GNSS positioning and interference","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11405","display_name":"Geophysics and Gravity Measurements","score":0.9972000122070312,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1910","display_name":"Oceanography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tec","display_name":"TEC","score":0.9267077445983887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ionosphere","display_name":"Ionosphere","score":0.7443484663963318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radio-occultation","display_name":"Radio occultation","score":0.6739833950996399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gnss-applications","display_name":"GNSS applications","score":0.5791342854499817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/latitude","display_name":"Latitude","score":0.5662820339202881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/total-electron-content","display_name":"Total electron content","score":0.5457765460014343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/international-reference-ionosphere","display_name":"International Reference Ionosphere","score":0.5344352722167969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.5053308606147766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/satellite","display_name":"Satellite","score":0.503947913646698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/altimeter","display_name":"Altimeter","score":0.46075305342674255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.3848116993904114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.3758735656738281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/meteorology","display_name":"Meteorology","score":0.3319154679775238},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geodesy","display_name":"Geodesy","score":0.26954561471939087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.21895647048950195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geophysics","display_name":"Geophysics","score":0.11857318878173828},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.08828750252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/astronomy","display_name":"Astronomy","score":0.06490650773048401}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176379880","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18031939","display_name":"TEC","level":3,"score":0.9267077445983887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116403925","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162219","display_name":"Ionosphere","level":2,"score":0.7443484663963318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777034083","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1560557","display_name":"Radio occultation","level":3,"score":0.6739833950996399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14279187","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5514012","display_name":"GNSS applications","level":3,"score":0.5791342854499817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C122523270","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34027","display_name":"Latitude","level":2,"score":0.5662820339202881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165391973","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844304","display_name":"Total electron content","level":4,"score":0.5457765460014343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777966019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1666845","display_name":"International Reference Ionosphere","level":5,"score":0.5344352722167969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.5053308606147766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19269812","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26540","display_name":"Satellite","level":2,"score":0.503947913646698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17534553","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q216197","display_name":"Altimeter","level":2,"score":0.46075305342674255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.3848116993904114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.3758735656738281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.3319154679775238},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.26954561471939087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.21895647048950195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8058405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46255","display_name":"Geophysics","level":1,"score":0.11857318878173828},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.08828750252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1276947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333","display_name":"Astronomy","level":1,"score":0.06490650773048401}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s19245489","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s19245489","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/19/24/5489/pdf?version=1576647926","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:31842443","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31842443","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/19/24/5489/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19245489","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:6960828","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/6960828","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s19245489","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s19245489","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/19/24/5489/pdf?version=1576647926","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Life below water","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/14","score":0.7099999785423279}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3294722263","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"XDA17010304","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321133","funder_display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3912510463","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"41504023 and 41804033","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5603567696","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"41504023","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G844239149","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"41804033","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321133","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321519","display_name":"Centre National d\u2019Etudes Spatiales","ror":"https://ror.org/04h1h0y33"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335678","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Geodesy and Earth's Dynamics","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2995297292.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2995297292.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":33,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1828120065","https://openalex.org/W1972984133","https://openalex.org/W1986762915","https://openalex.org/W1987326676","https://openalex.org/W1992094596","https://openalex.org/W1993196165","https://openalex.org/W2005422192","https://openalex.org/W2019518734","https://openalex.org/W2021148397","https://openalex.org/W2021594447","https://openalex.org/W2025971758","https://openalex.org/W2029963641","https://openalex.org/W2038508265","https://openalex.org/W2059394952","https://openalex.org/W2085484975","https://openalex.org/W2094797839","https://openalex.org/W2108698702","https://openalex.org/W2153105094","https://openalex.org/W2308146030","https://openalex.org/W2319271322","https://openalex.org/W2422434037","https://openalex.org/W2486478291","https://openalex.org/W2490744401","https://openalex.org/W2546678278","https://openalex.org/W2613106739","https://openalex.org/W2756791727","https://openalex.org/W2758458935","https://openalex.org/W2759433488","https://openalex.org/W2800920201","https://openalex.org/W2900831118","https://openalex.org/W3000225754","https://openalex.org/W3007628165","https://openalex.org/W6698736606"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4366495655","https://openalex.org/W3081990870","https://openalex.org/W936749771","https://openalex.org/W2008650690","https://openalex.org/W2579896290","https://openalex.org/W2078705677","https://openalex.org/W2887494347","https://openalex.org/W2042464627","https://openalex.org/W2059906660","https://openalex.org/W2598365277"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"As":[0,199],"global":[1,23],"navigation":[2],"satellite":[3,34],"system":[4],"(GNSS)stations":[5],"are":[6,131,148,159,192],"sparsely":[7],"distributed":[8,208],"in":[9,46,142,175,221,253],"oceanic":[10,12,47,186],"area,":[11],"areas":[13,20,164,211,223],"usually":[14],"have":[15,42],"lower":[16,162],"precision":[17,82,201],"than":[18,150,165,195],"continental":[19],"on":[21,212],"a":[22],"ionosphere":[24],"maps":[25],"(GIM).":[26],"On":[27],"the":[28,62,81,88,95,108,113,116,140,145,153,176,188,200,219,227,232,246],"other":[29,184],"hand,":[30],"space-borne":[31,103,189,203,233],"observations":[32,45,243],"like":[33],"altimetry":[35],"(SA)":[36],"and":[37,65,72,91,102,107,115,135,156,182,231,235,248],"ionospheric":[38],"radio":[39],"occultation":[40],"(IRO)":[41],"substantial":[43],"dual-frequency":[44],"areas,":[48,187],"which":[49],"could":[50,238],"be":[51,206,216,239],"used":[52,78,240],"for":[53,69],"total":[54],"electron":[55],"content":[56],"(TEC)":[57],"retrieval.":[58],"In":[59],"this":[60],"paper,":[61],"Jason-2":[63],"SA":[64,234],"Constellation":[66],"Observing":[67],"System":[68],"Meteorology,":[70],"Ionosphere,":[71],"Climate":[73],"(COSMIC)":[74],"IRO":[75,236],"products":[76],"were":[77,105],"to":[79,244],"assess":[80],"of":[83,202,250],"IGS":[84],"GIM":[85,100,196,229],"products.":[86],"Both":[87],"systematic":[89],"biases":[90,114,143,158],"scaling":[92,117],"factors":[93,118],"between":[94],"international":[96],"GNSS":[97],"service":[98],"(IGS)":[99],"TEC":[101,104,190,197,204,220,251],"calculated,":[106],"statistical":[109],"results":[110,171],"show":[111,173],"that":[112,128,138,174,218],"obviously":[119],"vary":[120],"under":[121],"different":[122,210],"temporal-spatial":[123],"conditions.":[124],"This":[125],"analysis":[126],"shows":[127],"these":[129,222,254],"differences":[130,141],"variable":[132],"with":[133],"diurnal":[134],"latitude":[136,163,168,180],"factors,":[137],"is,":[139],"during":[144,152],"day":[146],"time":[147],"higher":[149,194],"those":[151],"night":[154],"time,":[155],"larger":[157],"experienced":[160],"at":[161,166],"high":[167],"areas.":[169,255],"The":[170],"also":[172],"southern":[177],"hemisphere":[178],"middle-high":[179],"area":[181],"some":[183],"central":[185],"values":[191,252],"even":[193],"values.":[198],"should":[205],"evenly":[207],"around":[209],"Earth,":[213],"it":[214],"can":[215],"explain":[217],"is":[224],"undervalued":[225],"by":[226],"current":[228],"model,":[230],"techniques":[237],"as":[241],"complementary":[242],"improve":[245],"accuracy":[247],"reliability":[249]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}