{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2992200549","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s19235323","title":"Computer-Aided Diagnosis of Multiple Sclerosis Using a Support Vector Machine and Optical Coherence Tomography Features","display_name":"Computer-Aided Diagnosis of Multiple Sclerosis Using a Support Vector Machine and Optical Coherence Tomography Features","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-12-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2992200549","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s19235323","mag":"2992200549","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31816925"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s19235323","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s19235323","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/19/23/5323/pdf?version=1575425811","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/19/23/5323/pdf?version=1575425811","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090411853","display_name":"Carlo Cavaliere","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2144-6090"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I189268942","display_name":"Universidad de Alcal\u00e1","ror":"https://ror.org/04pmn0e78","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I189268942"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Carlo Cavaliere","raw_affiliation_strings":["Biomedical Engineering Group, Department of Electronics, University of Alcal\u00e1, 28801 Alcal\u00e1 de Henares, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Biomedical Engineering Group, Department of Electronics, University of Alcal\u00e1, 28801 Alcal\u00e1 de Henares, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I189268942"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048765094","display_name":"Elisa Vilad\u00e9s","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9411-5834"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I255234318","display_name":"Universidad de Zaragoza","ror":"https://ror.org/012a91z28","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I255234318"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114530","display_name":"Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet","ror":"https://ror.org/01r13mt55","country_code":"ES","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210114530"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210136512","display_name":"Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria Arag\u00f3n","ror":"https://ror.org/03njn4610","country_code":"ES","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210136512"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Elisa Vilades","raw_affiliation_strings":["Aragon Institute for Health Research (IIS Aragon), Miguel Servet Ophthalmology Innovation and Research Group (GIMSO), University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain","Department of Ophthalmology, Miguel Servet University Hospital, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9411-5834","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Aragon Institute for Health Research (IIS Aragon), Miguel Servet Ophthalmology Innovation and Research Group (GIMSO), University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I255234318","https://openalex.org/I4210136512"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Ophthalmology, Miguel Servet University Hospital, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114530"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033952140","display_name":"Concepci\u00f3n Alonso-Rodr\u00edguez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2175-4162"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I189268942","display_name":"Universidad de Alcal\u00e1","ror":"https://ror.org/04pmn0e78","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I189268942"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M\u00aa Alonso-Rodr\u00edguez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physics and Mathematics, University of Alcal\u00e1, 28801 Alcal\u00e1 de Henares, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics and Mathematics, University of Alcal\u00e1, 28801 Alcal\u00e1 de Henares, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I189268942"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069261832","display_name":"Mar\u00eda Jes\u00fas Rodrigo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4009-3075"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I255234318","display_name":"Universidad de Zaragoza","ror":"https://ror.org/012a91z28","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I255234318"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114530","display_name":"Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet","ror":"https://ror.org/01r13mt55","country_code":"ES","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210114530"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210136512","display_name":"Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria Arag\u00f3n","ror":"https://ror.org/03njn4610","country_code":"ES","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210136512"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mar\u00eda Rodrigo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Aragon Institute for Health Research (IIS Aragon), Miguel Servet Ophthalmology Innovation and Research Group (GIMSO), University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain","Department of Ophthalmology, Miguel Servet University Hospital, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain","RETICS-Oftared: Thematic Networks for Co-operative Research in Health for Ocular Diseases, 28040 Madrid, Spain"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4009-3075","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Aragon Institute for Health Research (IIS Aragon), Miguel Servet Ophthalmology Innovation and Research Group (GIMSO), University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I255234318","https://openalex.org/I4210136512"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Ophthalmology, Miguel Servet University Hospital, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114530"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"RETICS-Oftared: Thematic Networks for Co-operative Research in Health for Ocular Diseases, 28040 Madrid, Spain","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089248502","display_name":"Lu\u00eds E. Pablo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2389-8282"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I255234318","display_name":"Universidad de Zaragoza","ror":"https://ror.org/012a91z28","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I255234318"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114530","display_name":"Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet","ror":"https://ror.org/01r13mt55","country_code":"ES","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210114530"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210136512","display_name":"Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria Arag\u00f3n","ror":"https://ror.org/03njn4610","country_code":"ES","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210136512"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Luis Pablo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Aragon Institute for Health Research (IIS Aragon), Miguel Servet Ophthalmology Innovation and Research Group (GIMSO), University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain","Department of Ophthalmology, Miguel Servet University Hospital, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Aragon Institute for Health Research (IIS Aragon), Miguel Servet Ophthalmology Innovation and Research Group (GIMSO), University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I255234318","https://openalex.org/I4210136512"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Ophthalmology, Miguel Servet University Hospital, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114530"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068008918","display_name":"Juan Manuel Miguel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4641-5848"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I189268942","display_name":"Universidad de Alcal\u00e1","ror":"https://ror.org/04pmn0e78","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I189268942"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Juan Miguel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Biomedical Engineering Group, Department of Electronics, University of Alcal\u00e1, 28801 Alcal\u00e1 de Henares, Spain"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4641-5848","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Biomedical Engineering Group, Department of Electronics, University of Alcal\u00e1, 28801 Alcal\u00e1 de Henares, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I189268942"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101831518","display_name":"Elena L\u00f3pez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8145-9045"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I189268942","display_name":"Universidad de Alcal\u00e1","ror":"https://ror.org/04pmn0e78","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I189268942"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Elena L\u00f3pez-Guill\u00e9n","raw_affiliation_strings":["Biomedical Engineering Group, Department of Electronics, University of Alcal\u00e1, 28801 Alcal\u00e1 de Henares, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Biomedical Engineering Group, Department of Electronics, University of Alcal\u00e1, 28801 Alcal\u00e1 de Henares, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I189268942"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023449772","display_name":"Eva Mar\u00eda S\u00e1nchez\u2010Morla","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9438-2307"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I121748325","display_name":"Universidad Complutense de Madrid","ror":"https://ror.org/02p0gd045","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121748325"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210086614","display_name":"Research Institute Hospital 12 de Octubre","ror":"https://ror.org/002x1sg85","country_code":"ES","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210086614"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210090703","display_name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red de Salud Mental","ror":"https://ror.org/009byq155","country_code":"ES","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801357902","https://openalex.org/I4210090703","https://openalex.org/I4387152914"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Eva Morla","raw_affiliation_strings":["CIBERSAM: Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Mental Health, 28029 Madrid, Spain","Department of Psychiatry, 12 Octubre University Hospital Research Institute (i+12), 28041 Madrid, Spain","Faculty of Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CIBERSAM: Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Mental Health, 28029 Madrid, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210090703"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychiatry, 12 Octubre University Hospital Research Institute (i+12), 28041 Madrid, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210086614"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I121748325"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083414265","display_name":"Luciano Boquete","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8591-6103"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I189268942","display_name":"Universidad de Alcal\u00e1","ror":"https://ror.org/04pmn0e78","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I189268942"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Luciano Boquete","raw_affiliation_strings":["Biomedical Engineering Group, Department of Electronics, University of Alcal\u00e1, 28801 Alcal\u00e1 de Henares, Spain","RETICS-Oftared: Thematic Networks for Co-operative Research in Health for Ocular Diseases, 28040 Madrid, Spain"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8591-6103","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Biomedical Engineering Group, Department of Electronics, University of Alcal\u00e1, 28801 Alcal\u00e1 de Henares, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I189268942"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"RETICS-Oftared: Thematic Networks for Co-operative Research in Health for Ocular Diseases, 28040 Madrid, Spain","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015094639","display_name":"Elena Garc\u00eda\u2010Mart\u00edn","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6258-2489"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I255234318","display_name":"Universidad de Zaragoza","ror":"https://ror.org/012a91z28","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I255234318"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114530","display_name":"Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet","ror":"https://ror.org/01r13mt55","country_code":"ES","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210114530"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210136512","display_name":"Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria Arag\u00f3n","ror":"https://ror.org/03njn4610","country_code":"ES","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210136512"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Elena Garcia-Martin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Aragon Institute for Health Research (IIS Aragon), Miguel Servet Ophthalmology Innovation and Research Group (GIMSO), University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain","Department of Ophthalmology, Miguel Servet University Hospital, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain","RETICS-Oftared: Thematic Networks for Co-operative Research in Health for Ocular Diseases, 28040 Madrid, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Aragon Institute for Health Research (IIS Aragon), Miguel Servet Ophthalmology Innovation and Research Group (GIMSO), University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I255234318","https://openalex.org/I4210136512"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Ophthalmology, Miguel Servet University Hospital, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114530"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"RETICS-Oftared: Thematic Networks for Co-operative Research in Health for Ocular Diseases, 28040 Madrid, Spain","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":10,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5015094639","https://openalex.org/A5069261832","https://openalex.org/A5083414265"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I189268942","https://openalex.org/I255234318","https://openalex.org/I4210114530","https://openalex.org/I4210136512"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":3.0888,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":81,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91858661,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"19","issue":"23","first_page":"5323","last_page":"5323"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11569","display_name":"Optical Coherence Tomography Applications","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11569","display_name":"Optical Coherence Tomography Applications","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10137","display_name":"Multiple Sclerosis Research Studies","score":0.9937000274658203,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2734","display_name":"Pathology and Forensic Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10308","display_name":"Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Research","score":0.9793000221252441,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2745","display_name":"Rheumatology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optical-coherence-tomography","display_name":"Optical coherence tomography","score":0.8434039354324341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/support-vector-machine","display_name":"Support vector machine","score":0.7638249397277832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multiple-sclerosis","display_name":"Multiple sclerosis","score":0.5369387269020081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.520703136920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vector","display_name":"Vector (molecular biology)","score":0.49121421575546265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.49045082926750183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tomography","display_name":"Tomography","score":0.4536031484603882},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coherence","display_name":"Coherence (philosophical gambling strategy)","score":0.41122424602508545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.40686818957328796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.34129685163497925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.3369659185409546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radiology","display_name":"Radiology","score":0.2222428321838379},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.19204241037368774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biology","display_name":"Biology","score":0.13589850068092346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/immunology","display_name":"Immunology","score":0.0912063717842102}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778818243","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899552","display_name":"Optical coherence tomography","level":2,"score":0.8434039354324341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.7638249397277832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780640218","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8277","display_name":"Multiple sclerosis","level":2,"score":0.5369387269020081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.520703136920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C92087593","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q427389","display_name":"Vector (molecular biology)","level":4,"score":0.49121421575546265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.49045082926750183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163716698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q841267","display_name":"Tomography","level":2,"score":0.4536031484603882},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781181686","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4226068","display_name":"Coherence (philosophical gambling strategy)","level":2,"score":0.41122424602508545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.40686818957328796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.34129685163497925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.3369659185409546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126838900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77604","display_name":"Radiology","level":1,"score":0.2222428321838379},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.19204241037368774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.13589850068092346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.0912063717842102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40767141","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q285697","display_name":"Recombinant DNA","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000069550","descriptor_name":"Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000069550","descriptor_name":"Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000069550","descriptor_name":"Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003936","descriptor_name":"Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003936","descriptor_name":"Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003936","descriptor_name":"Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009103","descriptor_name":"Multiple Sclerosis","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009103","descriptor_name":"Multiple Sclerosis","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009103","descriptor_name":"Multiple Sclerosis","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009902","descriptor_name":"Optic Neuritis","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009902","descriptor_name":"Optic Neuritis","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009902","descriptor_name":"Optic Neuritis","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012160","descriptor_name":"Retina","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012160","descriptor_name":"Retina","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012160","descriptor_name":"Retina","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012737","descriptor_name":"Sex Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012737","descriptor_name":"Sex Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012737","descriptor_name":"Sex Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016011","descriptor_name":"Normal Distribution","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016011","descriptor_name":"Normal Distribution","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016011","descriptor_name":"Normal Distribution","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016022","descriptor_name":"Case-Control Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016022","descriptor_name":"Case-Control Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016022","descriptor_name":"Case-Control Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019540","descriptor_name":"Area Under Curve","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019540","descriptor_name":"Area Under Curve","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019540","descriptor_name":"Area Under Curve","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D041623","descriptor_name":"Tomography, Optical Coherence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D041623","descriptor_name":"Tomography, Optical Coherence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D041623","descriptor_name":"Tomography, Optical Coherence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D060388","descriptor_name":"Support Vector Machine","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D060388","descriptor_name":"Support Vector Machine","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D060388","descriptor_name":"Support Vector Machine","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s19235323","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s19235323","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/19/23/5323/pdf?version=1575425811","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:31816925","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31816925","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:5881454","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/6928765","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/19/23/5323/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19235323","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:zaguan.unizar.es:87604","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://zaguan.unizar.es/record/87604","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401812","display_name":"Zaguan (University of Zaragoza Repository)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I255234318","host_organization_name":"Universidad de Zaragoza","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I255234318"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s19235323","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s19235323","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/19/23/5323/pdf?version=1575425811","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","display_name":"Reduced inequalities","score":0.699999988079071}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3424872224","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"RD16/0008","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334923","funder_display_name":"Instituto de Salud Carlos III"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G631021586","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"PI17/01726","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334923","funder_display_name":"Instituto de Salud Carlos III"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334923","display_name":"Instituto de Salud Carlos III","ror":"https://ror.org/00ca2c886"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335598","display_name":"Agencia Estatal de Investigaci\u00f3n","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2992200549.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2992200549.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":54,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1493929963","https://openalex.org/W1540514081","https://openalex.org/W1720956115","https://openalex.org/W1974047780","https://openalex.org/W1990534247","https://openalex.org/W1992171452","https://openalex.org/W2003129702","https://openalex.org/W2007215692","https://openalex.org/W2009923902","https://openalex.org/W2038054049","https://openalex.org/W2038221289","https://openalex.org/W2058396809","https://openalex.org/W2075771080","https://openalex.org/W2078525542","https://openalex.org/W2086746754","https://openalex.org/W2104935806","https://openalex.org/W2109553965","https://openalex.org/W2112616339","https://openalex.org/W2122545833","https://openalex.org/W2133904455","https://openalex.org/W2142577589","https://openalex.org/W2147138336","https://openalex.org/W2149298154","https://openalex.org/W2161066872","https://openalex.org/W2296989255","https://openalex.org/W2415657353","https://openalex.org/W2418802570","https://openalex.org/W2509876630","https://openalex.org/W2534773862","https://openalex.org/W2562711163","https://openalex.org/W2593102773","https://openalex.org/W2604975863","https://openalex.org/W2612505191","https://openalex.org/W2619457510","https://openalex.org/W2625139016","https://openalex.org/W2755106885","https://openalex.org/W2766360297","https://openalex.org/W2771169143","https://openalex.org/W2777074421","https://openalex.org/W2783166047","https://openalex.org/W2792593273","https://openalex.org/W2792597864","https://openalex.org/W2792922816","https://openalex.org/W2883501862","https://openalex.org/W2885679903","https://openalex.org/W2892369591","https://openalex.org/W2900631262","https://openalex.org/W2905482103","https://openalex.org/W2907441857","https://openalex.org/W2943345774","https://openalex.org/W2943959904","https://openalex.org/W2973872106","https://openalex.org/W2980841233","https://openalex.org/W3143888242"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4385842477","https://openalex.org/W2775228109","https://openalex.org/W3176930657","https://openalex.org/W2323668004","https://openalex.org/W4394833138","https://openalex.org/W2139437222","https://openalex.org/W2770864300","https://openalex.org/W2055573962","https://openalex.org/W2348498086","https://openalex.org/W1976263376"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,153],"purpose":[1],"of":[2,10,36,101,187],"this":[3],"paper":[4],"is":[5,223],"to":[6,121,159,169,225,240],"evaluate":[7],"the":[8,99,102,105,111,115,123,135,151,161,176,184,188,194,199,242,246],"feasibility":[9],"diagnosing":[11],"multiple":[12],"sclerosis":[13],"(MS)":[14],"using":[15,53,138],"optical":[16,47],"coherence":[17,48],"tomography":[18,49],"(OCT)":[19],"data":[20],"and":[21,39,68,75,78,89,150,179,190,214,229],"a":[22,54],"support":[23],"vector":[24],"machine":[25],"(SVM)":[26],"as":[27,130],"an":[28,131],"automatic":[29,132],"classifier.":[30],"Forty-eight":[31],"MS":[32,230],"patients":[33,231],"without":[34,232],"symptoms":[35],"optic":[37,234],"neuritis":[38,235],"forty-eight":[40],"healthy":[41],"control":[42,227],"subjects":[43,228],"were":[44,92,119,157],"selected.":[45],"Swept-source":[46],"(SS-OCT)":[50],"was":[51,128,143],"performed":[52],"DRI":[55],"(deep-range":[56],"imaging)":[57],"Triton":[58],"OCT":[59],"device":[60],"(Topcon":[61],"Corp.,":[62],"Tokyo,":[63],"Japan).":[64],"Mean":[65],"values":[66],"(right":[67],"left":[69],"eye)":[70],"for":[71],"macular":[72,180],"thickness":[73,164,182],"(retinal":[74,81],"choroidal":[76,90],"layers)":[77,91],"peripapillary":[79,177],"area":[80,103,178],"nerve":[82],"fibre":[83],"layer,":[84],"retinal,":[85],"ganglion":[86],"cell":[87],"layer\u2014GCL,":[88],"compared":[93],"between":[94],"both":[95],"groups.":[96],"Based":[97],"on":[98],"analysis":[100],"under":[104],"receiver":[106],"operator":[107],"characteristic":[108],"curve":[109],"(AUC),":[110],"3":[112],"variables":[113,156],"with":[114,145],"greatest":[116],"discriminant":[117,155],"capacity":[118],"selected":[120],"form":[122],"feature":[124],"vector.":[125],"A":[126],"SVM":[127,195],"used":[129],"classifier,":[133,196],"obtaining":[134],"confusion":[136],"matrix":[137],"leave-one-out":[139],"cross-validation.":[140],"Classification":[141],"performance":[142],"assessed":[144],"Matthew\u2019s":[146],"correlation":[147],"coefficient":[148],"(MCC)":[149],"AUCCLASSIFIER.":[152],"most":[154],"found":[158],"be":[160],"total":[162],"GCL++":[163],"(between":[165],"inner":[166,170,191],"limiting":[167],"membrane":[168],"nuclear":[171],"layer":[172],"boundaries),":[173],"evaluated":[174],"in":[175,183,245],"retina":[181],"nasal":[185],"quadrant":[186],"outer":[189],"rings.":[192],"Using":[193],"we":[197],"obtained":[198],"following":[200],"values:":[201],"MCC":[202],"=":[203,206,209,212,216],"0.81,":[204],"sensitivity":[205],"0.89,":[207],"specificity":[208],"0.92,":[210],"accuracy":[211],"0.91,":[213],"AUCCLASSIFIER":[215],"0.97.":[217],"Our":[218],"findings":[219],"suggest":[220],"that":[221],"it":[222],"possible":[224],"classify":[226],"previous":[233],"by":[236],"applying":[237],"machine-learning":[238],"techniques":[239],"study":[241],"structural":[243],"neurodegeneration":[244],"retina.":[247]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":21},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
