{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2983732714","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s19214785","title":"Robust Detection for Chipless RFID Tags Based on Compact Printable Alphabets","display_name":"Robust Detection for Chipless RFID Tags Based on Compact Printable Alphabets","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-11-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2983732714","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s19214785","mag":"2983732714","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31684205"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s19214785","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s19214785","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/19/21/4785/pdf?version=1573032694","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/19/21/4785/pdf?version=1573032694","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050757809","display_name":"Hatem Rmili","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4826-8682"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185163786","display_name":"King Abdulaziz University","ror":"https://ror.org/02ma4wv74","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185163786"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Hatem Rmili","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical and Computer Engineering, Department, Faculty of Engineering, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80204, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical and Computer Engineering, Department, Faculty of Engineering, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80204, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185163786"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022462137","display_name":"Oussama Boularess","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I108714496","display_name":"Tunis University","ror":"https://ror.org/02q1spa57","country_code":"TN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I108714496"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210131288","display_name":"National Engineering School of Tunis","ror":"https://ror.org/03b1zjt31","country_code":"TN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210131288","https://openalex.org/I63596082"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63596082","display_name":"Tunis El Manar University","ror":"https://ror.org/029cgt552","country_code":"TN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63596082"]}],"countries":["TN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Boularess Oussama","raw_affiliation_strings":["Communications Systems Laboratory, National Engineering School of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, BP 37, Belvedere 1002 Tunis, Tunisia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Communications Systems Laboratory, National Engineering School of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, BP 37, Belvedere 1002 Tunis, Tunisia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210131288","https://openalex.org/I108714496","https://openalex.org/I63596082"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025387125","display_name":"Jawad Yousaf","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7937-3007"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I117222138","display_name":"Abu Dhabi University","ror":"https://ror.org/01r3kjq03","country_code":"AE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I117222138"]}],"countries":["AE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jawad Yousaf","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Abu Dhabi University, 1970 Abu Dhabi, UAE"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Abu Dhabi University, 1970 Abu Dhabi, UAE","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I117222138"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025618075","display_name":"Bandar Hakim","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185163786","display_name":"King Abdulaziz University","ror":"https://ror.org/02ma4wv74","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185163786"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bandar Hakim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical and Computer Engineering, Department, Faculty of Engineering, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80204, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical and Computer Engineering, Department, Faculty of Engineering, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80204, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185163786"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058279563","display_name":"R. Mittra","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0960-2708"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I106165777","display_name":"University of Central Florida","ror":"https://ror.org/036nfer12","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I106165777"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185163786","display_name":"King Abdulaziz University","ror":"https://ror.org/02ma4wv74","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185163786"]}],"countries":["SA","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Raj Mittra","raw_affiliation_strings":["EMC Lab, Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USA","Electrical and Computer Engineering, Department, Faculty of Engineering, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80204, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"EMC Lab, Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I106165777"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical and Computer Engineering, Department, Faculty of Engineering, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80204, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185163786"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030379213","display_name":"Taoufik Aguili","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5071-013X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I108714496","display_name":"Tunis University","ror":"https://ror.org/02q1spa57","country_code":"TN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I108714496"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210131288","display_name":"National Engineering School of Tunis","ror":"https://ror.org/03b1zjt31","country_code":"TN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210131288","https://openalex.org/I63596082"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63596082","display_name":"Tunis El Manar University","ror":"https://ror.org/029cgt552","country_code":"TN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63596082"]}],"countries":["TN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Taoufik Aguili","raw_affiliation_strings":["Communications Systems Laboratory, National Engineering School of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, BP 37, Belvedere 1002 Tunis, Tunisia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Communications Systems Laboratory, National Engineering School of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, BP 37, Belvedere 1002 Tunis, Tunisia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210131288","https://openalex.org/I108714496","https://openalex.org/I63596082"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015509272","display_name":"Sma\u00efl Tedjini","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2058-6638"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210145979","display_name":"Laboratoire de Conception et d'Int\u00e9gration des Syst\u00e8mes","ror":"https://ror.org/04eg25g76","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I106785703","https://openalex.org/I4210145979","https://openalex.org/I899635006","https://openalex.org/I899635006"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I899635006","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Grenoble Alpes","ror":"https://ror.org/02rx3b187","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I899635006"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Smail Tedjini","raw_affiliation_strings":["LCIS, University Grenoble-Alpes, 26902 Valence, France"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"LCIS, University Grenoble-Alpes, 26902 Valence, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210145979","https://openalex.org/I899635006"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":5,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5050757809"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185163786"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":1.4498,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":14,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.85102273,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"19","issue":"21","first_page":"4785","last_page":"4785"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10986","display_name":"RFID technology advancements","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10986","display_name":"RFID technology advancements","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10069","display_name":"Antenna Design and Analysis","score":0.9945999979972839,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11392","display_name":"Energy Harvesting in Wireless Networks","score":0.9923999905586243,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chipless-rfid","display_name":"Chipless RFID","score":0.9454675912857056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radio-frequency-identification","display_name":"Radio-frequency identification","score":0.6412992477416992},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5503430366516113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ranging","display_name":"Ranging","score":0.5012397766113281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ground-plane","display_name":"Ground plane","score":0.44185104966163635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar-cross-section","display_name":"Radar cross-section","score":0.42737454175949097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.38098248839378357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","score":0.3787696361541748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar","display_name":"Radar","score":0.3359994888305664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.2501124143600464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.22669970989227295}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775974325","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16154688","display_name":"Chipless RFID","level":3,"score":0.9454675912857056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204222849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104954","display_name":"Radio-frequency identification","level":2,"score":0.6412992477416992},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5503430366516113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115051666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6522493","display_name":"Ranging","level":2,"score":0.5012397766113281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88764893","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1547722","display_name":"Ground plane","level":3,"score":0.44185104966163635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101457746","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q560430","display_name":"Radar cross-section","level":3,"score":0.42737454175949097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.38098248839378357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21822782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131214","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","level":2,"score":0.3787696361541748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.3359994888305664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.2501124143600464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.22669970989227295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s19214785","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s19214785","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/19/21/4785/pdf?version=1573032694","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:31684205","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31684205","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:5aaa8171ed394ddcaf4b7bb2853bfd89","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/5aaa8171ed394ddcaf4b7bb2853bfd89","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 19, Iss 21, p 4785 (2019)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/19/21/4785/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19214785","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:6865081","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/6865081","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s19214785","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s19214785","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/19/21/4785/pdf?version=1573032694","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality Education","score":0.7200000286102295}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3587885757","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"KEP-Msc-6-135-39","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322322","funder_display_name":"King Abdulaziz University"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5741299974","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"KEP-Msc-6-135-39","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335726","funder_display_name":"Deanship of Scientific Research, King Saud University"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322322","display_name":"King Abdulaziz University","ror":"https://ror.org/02ma4wv74"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335726","display_name":"Deanship of Scientific Research, King Saud University","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2983732714.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2983732714.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":34,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1592242895","https://openalex.org/W1914970856","https://openalex.org/W1941947328","https://openalex.org/W2005376287","https://openalex.org/W2015059964","https://openalex.org/W2031116597","https://openalex.org/W2038986649","https://openalex.org/W2075951418","https://openalex.org/W2083882577","https://openalex.org/W2084657612","https://openalex.org/W2100148120","https://openalex.org/W2108646573","https://openalex.org/W2127680028","https://openalex.org/W2149001993","https://openalex.org/W2164029929","https://openalex.org/W2168552293","https://openalex.org/W2175789073","https://openalex.org/W2241002473","https://openalex.org/W2409254028","https://openalex.org/W2419102821","https://openalex.org/W2465677933","https://openalex.org/W2478690551","https://openalex.org/W2510623464","https://openalex.org/W2562437977","https://openalex.org/W2602774725","https://openalex.org/W2763533846","https://openalex.org/W2804464584","https://openalex.org/W2885372030","https://openalex.org/W2898555850","https://openalex.org/W2902229464","https://openalex.org/W2904466801","https://openalex.org/W2943870767","https://openalex.org/W4252624375","https://openalex.org/W6634101007"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W77986583","https://openalex.org/W2593256079","https://openalex.org/W1509658109","https://openalex.org/W3189014285","https://openalex.org/W2499858975","https://openalex.org/W3015086530","https://openalex.org/W4386858745","https://openalex.org/W1956678191","https://openalex.org/W4210611868","https://openalex.org/W1570205589"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"work":[1],"presents":[2],"a":[3,68,75,122,144,195,200],"novel":[4,212],"technique":[5],"for":[6,140,225,272],"designing":[7],"chipless":[8],"radio":[9,47],"frequency":[10,48,87,128],"identification":[11,213],"(RFID)":[12],"tags":[13,18,28,108,230,245],"which,":[14],"unlike":[15],"the":[16,34,41,54,82,86,90,96,104,127,141,148,152,155,161,172,178,210,218,226,232,235,243,251,267],"traditional":[17],"with":[19,199,246,254],"complex":[20],"geometries,":[21],"are":[22,30,61,101,174,231],"both":[23,219,273],"compact":[24],"and":[25,59,113,166,180,221,239,269,275],"printable.":[26],"The":[27,107,136,168,207],"themselves":[29],"alphabets,":[31],"which":[32],"offers":[33],"advantage":[35],"of":[36,40,85,89,95,147,150,154,171,204,209,217,234,242],"efficient":[37,183],"visual":[38],"recognition":[39],"transmitted":[42],"data":[43],"in":[44,126,160,194],"real-time":[45],"via":[46],"(RF)":[49],"waves.":[50],"In":[51],"this":[52],"study,":[53],"alphabets":[55],"(e.g.,":[56],"a,":[57],"b":[58],"c)":[60],"realized":[62],"by":[63,74,120,249],"using":[64,121],"copper":[65],"etching":[66],"on":[67,177],"thin":[69],"dielectric":[70],"substrate":[71],"(TLX-8)":[72],"backed":[73],"ground":[76],"plane.":[77],"It":[78],"is":[79],"shown":[80],"that":[81,100],"original":[83],"signature":[84],"response":[88],"backscattered":[91],"radar":[92],"cross-section":[93],"(RCS)":[94],"letter,":[97],"displays":[98],"dips":[99],"unique":[102],"to":[103,133,158,185,191,257],"individual":[105],"letters.":[106],"have":[109,117],"been":[110,118,264],"simulated,":[111],"fabricated":[112],"their":[114],"monostatic":[115],"cross-sections":[116],"measured":[119,268],"dual-polarized":[123],"Vivaldi":[124],"antenna":[125],"band":[129],"ranging":[130],"from":[131],"6":[132],"13":[134],"GHz.":[135],"study":[137],"also":[138],"includes,":[139],"first":[142],"time,":[143],"detailed":[145],"analysis":[146],"impact":[149],"changing":[151],"shape":[153],"tag":[156,179,252],"owing":[157],"variation":[159],"font":[162],"type,":[163],"size,":[164],"spacing,":[165],"orientation.":[167],"proposed":[169,211],"letters":[170],"alphabet":[173,244],"easily":[175],"printable":[176,227],"provide":[181],"an":[182],"way":[184],"visually":[186],"recognized":[187],"them":[188,193],"and,":[189],"hence,":[190],"detect":[192],"robust":[196],"way,":[197],"even":[198],"low":[201],"coding":[202,236],"density":[203],"2.63":[205],"bit/cm2.":[206],"advantages":[208],"method,":[214],"i.e.,":[215],"utilization":[216],"co-":[220,274],"cross-polar":[222],"RCS":[223],"characteristics":[224,253],"clipless":[228],"RFID":[229],"enhancement":[233],"density,":[237],"security":[238],"better":[240,255],"detection":[241],"different":[247],"fonts":[248],"capturing":[250],"signal":[256],"noise":[258],"ratio":[259],"(SNR).":[260],"Good":[261],"agreement":[262],"has":[263],"achieved":[265],"between":[266],"simulated":[270],"results":[271],"cross-polarized":[276],"cases.":[277]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
