{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2981334332","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s19214631","title":"Two-Dimensional Augmented State\u2013Space Approach with Applications to Sparse Representation of Radar Signatures","display_name":"Two-Dimensional Augmented State\u2013Space Approach with Applications to Sparse Representation of Radar Signatures","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-10-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2981334332","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s19214631","mag":"2981334332","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31653113"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s19214631","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s19214631","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/19/21/4631/pdf?version=1572431660","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/19/21/4631/pdf?version=1572431660","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044912017","display_name":"Kejiang Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3255-277X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82880672","display_name":"Beihang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00wk2mp56","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kejiang Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028237858","display_name":"Xiaojian Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2340-5775"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82880672","display_name":"Beihang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00wk2mp56","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xiaojian Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2340-5775","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5028237858"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2673},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2673},"fwci":5.8667,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96995797,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"19","issue":"21","first_page":"4631","last_page":"4631"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11038","display_name":"Advanced SAR Imaging Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11038","display_name":"Advanced SAR Imaging Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11609","display_name":"Geophysical Methods and Applications","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11698","display_name":"Underwater Acoustics Research","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1910","display_name":"Oceanography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar","display_name":"Radar","score":0.5962921977043152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dimension","display_name":"Dimension (graph theory)","score":0.5726364254951477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/representation","display_name":"Representation (politics)","score":0.5595596432685852},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.5552114844322205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.549023449420929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/range","display_name":"Range (aeronautics)","score":0.5374346971511841},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sparse-approximation","display_name":"Sparse approximation","score":0.5009629726409912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synthetic-aperture-radar","display_name":"Synthetic aperture radar","score":0.4998316764831543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inverse-synthetic-aperture-radar","display_name":"Inverse synthetic aperture radar","score":0.47813665866851807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/state-space","display_name":"State space","score":0.459451287984848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/focus","display_name":"Focus (optics)","score":0.4480776786804199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/state","display_name":"State (computer science)","score":0.427074670791626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar-imaging","display_name":"Radar imaging","score":0.36937594413757324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3448951542377472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.30412039160728455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.20549529790878296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.12066885828971863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.11426705121994019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.10733327269554138}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.5962921977043152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33676613","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13415176","display_name":"Dimension (graph theory)","level":2,"score":0.5726364254951477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286","display_name":"Representation (politics)","level":3,"score":0.5595596432685852},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.5552114844322205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.549023449420929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204323151","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q905424","display_name":"Range (aeronautics)","level":2,"score":0.5374346971511841},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124066611","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28684319","display_name":"Sparse approximation","level":2,"score":0.5009629726409912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87360688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q740686","display_name":"Synthetic aperture radar","level":2,"score":0.4998316764831543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109094680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6060432","display_name":"Inverse synthetic aperture radar","level":4,"score":0.47813665866851807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C72434380","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q230930","display_name":"State space","level":2,"score":0.459451287984848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192209626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190909","display_name":"Focus (optics)","level":2,"score":0.4480776786804199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48103436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q599031","display_name":"State (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.427074670791626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10929652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7279985","display_name":"Radar imaging","level":3,"score":0.36937594413757324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3448951542377472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.30412039160728455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.20549529790878296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.12066885828971863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.11426705121994019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.10733327269554138},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s19214631","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s19214631","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/19/21/4631/pdf?version=1572431660","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:31653113","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31653113","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:5d2da753a411444398f9cb388aa9caf6","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/5d2da753a411444398f9cb388aa9caf6","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 19, Iss 21, p 4631 (2019)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:5875653","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/6864621","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/19/21/4631/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19214631","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s19214631","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s19214631","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/19/21/4631/pdf?version=1572431660","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2223382146","display_name":"\u4f4e\u53ef\u63a2\u6d4b\u6027\u76ee\u6807\u7535\u78c1\u6563\u5c04\u7279\u6027\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4e2d\u7684\u82e5\u5e72\u57fa\u7840\u95ee\u9898\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"61371005","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2981334332.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2981334332.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":32,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1552494179","https://openalex.org/W1571809481","https://openalex.org/W1967486001","https://openalex.org/W1968079322","https://openalex.org/W1976967648","https://openalex.org/W1981656189","https://openalex.org/W2006832476","https://openalex.org/W2010658835","https://openalex.org/W2022798690","https://openalex.org/W2033414024","https://openalex.org/W2042825296","https://openalex.org/W2065656021","https://openalex.org/W2067388409","https://openalex.org/W2078966899","https://openalex.org/W2082476922","https://openalex.org/W2094400403","https://openalex.org/W2096710051","https://openalex.org/W2101789144","https://openalex.org/W2105064983","https://openalex.org/W2105233799","https://openalex.org/W2113484718","https://openalex.org/W2135934812","https://openalex.org/W2141855995","https://openalex.org/W2142351022","https://openalex.org/W2149918662","https://openalex.org/W2151169541","https://openalex.org/W2153254640","https://openalex.org/W2158016354","https://openalex.org/W2346836031","https://openalex.org/W2899721250","https://openalex.org/W2899909567","https://openalex.org/W4285719527"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2996630340","https://openalex.org/W2540450177","https://openalex.org/W2170580735","https://openalex.org/W1552305638","https://openalex.org/W2112228652","https://openalex.org/W2613451563","https://openalex.org/W2545123933","https://openalex.org/W1994788526","https://openalex.org/W2547107543","https://openalex.org/W1966299760"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1],"work,":[2],"we":[3],"focus":[4],"on":[5,17,38],"sparse":[6],"representation":[7],"of":[8,35,63,96],"two-dimensional":[9],"(2-D)":[10],"radar":[11,110],"signatures":[12],"for":[13,60,80],"man-made":[14,40],"targets.":[15],"Based":[16],"the":[18,33,43,47,77,88,97,103],"damped":[19],"exponential":[20],"(DE)":[21],"model,":[22],"a":[23],"2-D":[24],"augmented":[25,55],"state-space":[26,56,73],"approach":[27,57,74,99],"(ASSA)":[28],"is":[29,58,84,100],"proposed":[30,98],"to":[31,76,86],"estimate":[32],"parameters":[34],"scattering":[36],"centers":[37],"complex":[39,44],"targets,":[41],"i.e.,":[42],"amplitudes":[45],"and":[46,51,105],"poles":[48],"in":[49,92],"down-range":[50,64,82],"aspect":[52],"dimensions.":[53],"An":[54],"developed":[59],"pole":[61],"estimation":[62],"dimension.":[65],"Multiple-range":[66],"search":[67],"strategy,":[68],"which":[69],"applies":[70],"one-dimensional":[71],"(1-D)":[72],"(SSA)":[75],"1-D":[78],"data":[79],"each":[81],"cell,":[83],"used":[85],"alleviate":[87],"pole-pairing":[89],"problem":[90],"occurring":[91],"previous":[93],"algorithms.":[94],"Effectiveness":[95],"verified":[101],"by":[102],"numerical":[104],"measured":[106],"inverse":[107],"synthetic":[108],"aperture":[109],"(ISAR)":[111],"data.":[112]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-22T07:51:19.307946","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}