{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2976719633","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s19194159","title":"Design and Analysis of Handshake-Based MAC with Delay Variations in Underwater Acoustic Networks","display_name":"Design and Analysis of Handshake-Based MAC with Delay Variations in Underwater Acoustic Networks","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-09-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2976719633","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s19194159","mag":"2976719633","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31557938"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s19194159","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s19194159","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/19/19/4159/pdf?version=1570450273","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/19/19/4159/pdf?version=1570450273","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058480659","display_name":"Chao Dong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0183-0087"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chao Dong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Technology for Safeguarding of Marine Rights and Interests and Application, Guangzhou 510300, China","South China Sea Marine Survey and Technology Center, Guangzhou 510300, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Technology for Safeguarding of Marine Rights and Interests and Application, Guangzhou 510300, China","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"South China Sea Marine Survey and Technology Center, Guangzhou 510300, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100705434","display_name":"Yankun Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5002-1510"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yankun Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Technology for Safeguarding of Marine Rights and Interests and Application, Guangzhou 510300, China","South China Sea Marine Survey and Technology Center, Guangzhou 510300, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Technology for Safeguarding of Marine Rights and Interests and Application, Guangzhou 510300, China","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"South China Sea Marine Survey and Technology Center, Guangzhou 510300, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012805347","display_name":"Quansheng Guan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6159-3194"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I90610280","display_name":"South China University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0530pts50","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I90610280"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Quansheng Guan","raw_affiliation_strings":["South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510300, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510300, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90610280"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013766144","display_name":"Fei Ji","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I90610280","display_name":"South China University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0530pts50","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I90610280"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fei Ji","raw_affiliation_strings":["South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510300, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510300, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90610280"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005656538","display_name":"Hua Yu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0231-2978"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I90610280","display_name":"South China University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0530pts50","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I90610280"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hua Yu","raw_affiliation_strings":["South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510300, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510300, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90610280"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058218225","display_name":"Fangjiong Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1031-492X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I90610280","display_name":"South China University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0530pts50","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I90610280"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fangjiong Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510300, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510300, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90610280"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5012805347"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90610280"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":0.4397,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.65695333,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"19","issue":"19","first_page":"4159","last_page":"4159"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11192","display_name":"Underwater Vehicles and Communication Systems","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11192","display_name":"Underwater Vehicles and Communication Systems","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":0.9955999851226807,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11392","display_name":"Energy Harvesting in Wireless Networks","score":0.991599977016449,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/handshake","display_name":"Handshake","score":0.8344963788986206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/throughput","display_name":"Throughput","score":0.7747541666030884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/propagation-delay","display_name":"Propagation delay","score":0.7170042991638184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6639151573181152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/underwater-acoustic-communication","display_name":"Underwater acoustic communication","score":0.6377555131912231},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/underwater","display_name":"Underwater","score":0.5696450471878052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/underwater-acoustics","display_name":"Underwater acoustics","score":0.5336447954177856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/range","display_name":"Range (aeronautics)","score":0.4260753095149994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustics","display_name":"Acoustics","score":0.40699684619903564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.32061001658439636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.23768046498298645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.14910569787025452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.1425943374633789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.08890950679779053}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778000800","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830043","display_name":"Handshake","level":3,"score":0.8344963788986206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157764524","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1383412","display_name":"Throughput","level":3,"score":0.7747541666030884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90806461","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1144416","display_name":"Propagation delay","level":2,"score":0.7170042991638184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6639151573181152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169111936","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q424098","display_name":"Underwater acoustic communication","level":3,"score":0.6377555131912231},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98083399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3246517","display_name":"Underwater","level":2,"score":0.5696450471878052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67467970","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1292425","display_name":"Underwater acoustics","level":3,"score":0.5336447954177856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204323151","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q905424","display_name":"Range (aeronautics)","level":2,"score":0.4260753095149994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.40699684619903564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.32061001658439636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.23768046498298645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.14910569787025452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.1425943374633789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.08890950679779053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111368507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43518","display_name":"Oceanography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151319957","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q752739","display_name":"Asynchronous communication","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s19194159","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s19194159","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/19/19/4159/pdf?version=1570450273","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:31557938","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31557938","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:f1bb8f4e90f64782a9df6cccc5f1b4cb","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/f1bb8f4e90f64782a9df6cccc5f1b4cb","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 19, Iss 19, p 4159 (2019)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/19/19/4159/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19194159","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:6806060","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/6806060","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s19194159","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s19194159","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/19/19/4159/pdf?version=1570450273","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8299999833106995,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/14","display_name":"Life below water"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8294214439","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61671208","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2976719633.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2976719633.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":35,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W12967961","https://openalex.org/W1539882387","https://openalex.org/W1924820897","https://openalex.org/W2039782283","https://openalex.org/W2044819124","https://openalex.org/W2046220682","https://openalex.org/W2071363896","https://openalex.org/W2089812252","https://openalex.org/W2093970074","https://openalex.org/W2099864056","https://openalex.org/W2107116407","https://openalex.org/W2107201417","https://openalex.org/W2107829530","https://openalex.org/W2109824073","https://openalex.org/W2110789672","https://openalex.org/W2115397433","https://openalex.org/W2116874988","https://openalex.org/W2122734354","https://openalex.org/W2128195381","https://openalex.org/W2136821106","https://openalex.org/W2137208858","https://openalex.org/W2149472588","https://openalex.org/W2150847784","https://openalex.org/W2154205269","https://openalex.org/W2156766779","https://openalex.org/W2161080764","https://openalex.org/W2162598825","https://openalex.org/W2163770043","https://openalex.org/W2343117128","https://openalex.org/W2556483049","https://openalex.org/W2793122897","https://openalex.org/W2944309292","https://openalex.org/W3139860299","https://openalex.org/W4244228474","https://openalex.org/W4246520098"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4362661796","https://openalex.org/W1989468614","https://openalex.org/W2556643280","https://openalex.org/W2325565661","https://openalex.org/W2344578948","https://openalex.org/W46613192","https://openalex.org/W4407693652","https://openalex.org/W2363597014","https://openalex.org/W4366376692","https://openalex.org/W1510681752"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,18],"long":[1],"propagation":[2,21,40],"delay":[3,50,65],"in":[4,12,38,125,151],"underwater":[5,126],"acoustic":[6,20,28,127],"channels":[7],"has":[8],"attracted":[9],"tremendous":[10],"attentions":[11],"designing":[13],"Medium":[14],"Access":[15],"Control":[16],"(MAC).":[17],"low":[19],"speed":[22],"and":[23,69,81,109],"wide":[24,34],"area":[25],"of":[26,36,48,64,100,123],"the":[27,39,62,70,79,94,98,107,121,130,141,144],"communication":[29],"range":[30,35],"led":[31],"to":[32,60,92],"a":[33,73,147,152],"variations":[37,51,66],"delay.":[41],"This":[42],"paper":[43],"identifies":[44],"an":[45,88,133],"important":[46],"characteristic":[47],"two-scale":[49],"by":[52],"field":[53],"test":[54],"results.":[55],"We":[56,85],"carry":[57],"out":[58],"simulations":[59],"study":[61],"impact":[63],"on":[67],"MAC,":[68],"results":[71,111],"suggest":[72],"slot":[74,104,116,135,149],"length":[75,117,136,150],"adaptation":[76,118],"scheme":[77],"for":[78,97],"handshake":[80],"slotting":[82],"based":[83],"MAC.":[84],"further":[86],"model":[87],"absorbing":[89],"Markov":[90],"chain":[91],"derive":[93],"closed-form":[95],"equation":[96],"throughput":[99,122,142],"MAC":[101,124],"with":[102,132,146,154],"adaptive":[103,134],"length.":[105],"Both":[106],"analytical":[108],"simulation":[110],"show":[112],"that":[113],"our":[114],"proposed":[115],"improves":[119],"significantly":[120],"networks.":[128],"Particularly,":[129],"Slotted-FAMA":[131,145],"achieves":[137],"more":[138],"than":[139,143],"double":[140],"fixed":[148],"network":[153],"six":[155],"nodes.":[156]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-04-07T14:57:38.498316","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}