{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2972970334","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s19183987","title":"Deep Learning for Industrial Computer Vision Quality Control in the Printing Industry 4.0","display_name":"Deep Learning for Industrial Computer Vision Quality Control in the Printing Industry 4.0","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-09-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2972970334","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s19183987","mag":"2972970334","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31540187"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s19183987","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s19183987","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/19/18/3987/pdf?version=1568857888","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/19/18/3987/pdf?version=1568857888","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048585660","display_name":"Javier Villalba-D\u00edez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2423-1474"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I41121874","display_name":"Heilbronn University","ror":"https://ror.org/04g5gcg95","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I41121874"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I88060688","display_name":"Universidad Polit\u00e9cnica de Madrid","ror":"https://ror.org/03n6nwv02","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I88060688"]}],"countries":["DE","ES"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Javier Villalba-Diez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Artificial Intelligence, Escuela T\u00e9cnica Superior de Ingenieros Inform\u00e1ticos, Universidad Polit\u00e9cnica de Madrid, 28660 Madrid, Spain","Hochschule Heilbronn, Fakult\u00e4t Management und Vertrieb, Campus Schw\u00e4bisch Hall, 74523 Schw\u00e4bisch Hall, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2423-1474","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Artificial Intelligence, Escuela T\u00e9cnica Superior de Ingenieros Inform\u00e1ticos, Universidad Polit\u00e9cnica de Madrid, 28660 Madrid, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I88060688"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hochschule Heilbronn, Fakult\u00e4t Management und Vertrieb, Campus Schw\u00e4bisch Hall, 74523 Schw\u00e4bisch Hall, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I41121874"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022600554","display_name":"Daniel Schmidt","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8917-2041"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I88060688","display_name":"Universidad Polit\u00e9cnica de Madrid","ror":"https://ror.org/03n6nwv02","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I88060688"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daniel Schmidt","raw_affiliation_strings":["Departament of Business Intelligence, Escuela T\u00e9cnica Superior de Ingenieros Industriales, Universidad Polit\u00e9cnica de Madrid, 28006 Madrid, Spain","Matthews International GmbH, Gutenbergstra\u00dfe 1-3, 48691 Vreden, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Departament of Business Intelligence, Escuela T\u00e9cnica Superior de Ingenieros Industriales, Universidad Polit\u00e9cnica de Madrid, 28006 Madrid, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I88060688"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Matthews International GmbH, Gutenbergstra\u00dfe 1-3, 48691 Vreden, Germany","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028993271","display_name":"Roman Gevers","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Roman Gevers","raw_affiliation_strings":["Matthews International GmbH, Gutenbergstra\u00dfe 1-3, 48691 Vreden, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Matthews International GmbH, Gutenbergstra\u00dfe 1-3, 48691 Vreden, Germany","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024077875","display_name":"Joaqu\u00edn Ordieres\u2010Mer\u00e9","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9677-6764"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I88060688","display_name":"Universidad Polit\u00e9cnica de Madrid","ror":"https://ror.org/03n6nwv02","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I88060688"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Joaqu\u00edn Ordieres-Mer\u00e9","raw_affiliation_strings":["Departament of Business Intelligence, Escuela T\u00e9cnica Superior de Ingenieros Industriales, Universidad Polit\u00e9cnica de Madrid, 28006 Madrid, Spain"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9677-6764","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Departament of Business Intelligence, Escuela T\u00e9cnica Superior de Ingenieros Industriales, Universidad Polit\u00e9cnica de Madrid, 28006 Madrid, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I88060688"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082387381","display_name":"Martin Buchwitz","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210085863","display_name":"John Wiley & Sons (Germany)","ror":"https://ror.org/000gm1k91","country_code":"DE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210085863","https://openalex.org/I4210131007"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Martin Buchwitz","raw_affiliation_strings":["InspectOnline, Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KGaA, 69469 Weinheim, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"InspectOnline, Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KGaA, 69469 Weinheim, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210085863"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025916899","display_name":"Wanja Wellbrock","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4882-029X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I41121874","display_name":"Heilbronn University","ror":"https://ror.org/04g5gcg95","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I41121874"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wanja Wellbrock","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hochschule Heilbronn, Fakult\u00e4t Management und Vertrieb, Campus Schw\u00e4bisch Hall, 74523 Schw\u00e4bisch Hall, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hochschule Heilbronn, Fakult\u00e4t Management und Vertrieb, Campus Schw\u00e4bisch Hall, 74523 Schw\u00e4bisch Hall, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I41121874"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5048585660"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I41121874","https://openalex.org/I88060688"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":20.5437,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":234,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99425026,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"19","issue":"18","first_page":"3987","last_page":"3987"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12111","display_name":"Industrial Vision Systems and Defect Detection","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12111","display_name":"Industrial Vision Systems and Defect Detection","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12549","display_name":"Image and Object Detection Techniques","score":0.9843999743461609,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13114","display_name":"Image Processing Techniques and Applications","score":0.9810000061988831,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automation","display_name":"Automation","score":0.7197238206863403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.6809912919998169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.6399039626121521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quality","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","score":0.6079675555229187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5080995559692383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.48966363072395325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soft-sensor","display_name":"Soft sensor","score":0.44709956645965576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process-control","display_name":"Process control","score":0.41614192724227905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.414158433675766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.40251368284225464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mechanical-engineering","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","score":0.14041179418563843}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115901376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184199","display_name":"Automation","level":2,"score":0.7197238206863403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.6809912919998169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.6399039626121521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779530757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1207505","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.6079675555229187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5080995559692383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.48966363072395325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115575686","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18822403","display_name":"Soft sensor","level":3,"score":0.44709956645965576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155386361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1649571","display_name":"Process control","level":3,"score":0.41614192724227905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.414158433675766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.40251368284225464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.14041179418563843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":7,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s19183987","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s19183987","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/19/18/3987/pdf?version=1568857888","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:31540187","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31540187","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:d79f5161ef744f54a22f18e624a53d96","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/d79f5161ef744f54a22f18e624a53d96","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 19, Iss 18, p 3987 (2019)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/19/18/3987/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19183987","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:opus-hshn:590","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://opus-hshn.bsz-bw.de/frontdoor/index/index/docId/590","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400746","display_name":"Publication Server of Heilbronn University (Hochschule Heilbronn)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"doc-type:article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:6767246","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/6767246","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:share.osf.io:E00AE-49F-8AF","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://api.osf.io/v2/nodes/z85hx/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401127","display_name":"OSF Preprints (OSF Preprints)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2799848540","host_organization_name":"Center for Open Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799848540"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"project"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s19183987","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s19183987","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/19/18/3987/pdf?version=1568857888","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.6600000262260437}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2972970334.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2972970334.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":38,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1567329668","https://openalex.org/W1831882356","https://openalex.org/W2032614950","https://openalex.org/W2054063078","https://openalex.org/W2097117768","https://openalex.org/W2097946161","https://openalex.org/W2104657103","https://openalex.org/W2112796928","https://openalex.org/W2136922672","https://openalex.org/W2155893237","https://openalex.org/W2163605009","https://openalex.org/W2183341477","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2310874860","https://openalex.org/W2311900048","https://openalex.org/W2418691539","https://openalex.org/W2508457857","https://openalex.org/W2549051118","https://openalex.org/W2581853886","https://openalex.org/W2612904117","https://openalex.org/W2613155248","https://openalex.org/W2740768927","https://openalex.org/W2742910676","https://openalex.org/W2749684264","https://openalex.org/W2754214665","https://openalex.org/W2772511931","https://openalex.org/W2811146364","https://openalex.org/W2887171970","https://openalex.org/W2895126334","https://openalex.org/W2904298582","https://openalex.org/W2905042742","https://openalex.org/W2919115771","https://openalex.org/W2919358988","https://openalex.org/W2927123024","https://openalex.org/W2929680053","https://openalex.org/W2963446712","https://openalex.org/W2964350391","https://openalex.org/W4229886883"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2374290272","https://openalex.org/W2097933059","https://openalex.org/W4386158748","https://openalex.org/W1970956258","https://openalex.org/W2408812858","https://openalex.org/W3127658115","https://openalex.org/W3152705324","https://openalex.org/W4375867731","https://openalex.org/W2359154573","https://openalex.org/W44596031"],"abstract_inverted_index":{".":[0],"Further":[1],"research":[2],"aims":[3],"to":[4,8,12,21,32,37],"use":[5],"these":[6],"results":[7],"three":[9],"ends.":[10],"Firstly,":[11],"predict":[13],"the":[14,24,29,33],"amount":[15],"of":[16],"errors":[17],"a":[18],"cylinder":[19],"has,":[20],"further":[22],"support":[23],"human":[25,44],"operation":[26],"by":[27],"showing":[28],"error":[30],"probability":[31],"operator,":[34],"and":[35],"finally":[36],"decide":[38],"autonomously":[39],"about":[40],"product":[41],"quality":[42],"without":[43],"involvement.":[45]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":31},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":45},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":57},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":40},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":29},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":23},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-06T08:25:59.206177","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
