{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2968628173","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s19163594","title":"An Edge-Fog-Cloud Architecture of Streaming Analytics for Internet of Things Applications","display_name":"An Edge-Fog-Cloud Architecture of Streaming Analytics for Internet of Things Applications","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-08-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2968628173","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s19163594","mag":"2968628173","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31426586"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s19163594","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s19163594","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/19/16/3594/pdf?version=1566526763","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/19/16/3594/pdf?version=1566526763","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088383217","display_name":"Hung Cao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0788-4377"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I106938459","display_name":"University of New Brunswick","ror":"https://ror.org/05nkf0n29","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I106938459"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Hung Cao","raw_affiliation_strings":["People in Motion Lab, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, NB E3B 5A3, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0788-4377","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"People in Motion Lab, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, NB E3B 5A3, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I106938459"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068240080","display_name":"M\u00f3nica Wachowicz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4659-0101"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I106938459","display_name":"University of New Brunswick","ror":"https://ror.org/05nkf0n29","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I106938459"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Monica Wachowicz","raw_affiliation_strings":["People in Motion Lab, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, NB E3B 5A3, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4659-0101","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"People in Motion Lab, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, NB E3B 5A3, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I106938459"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5088383217"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I106938459"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":3.0468,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":37,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93339314,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"19","issue":"16","first_page":"3594","last_page":"3594"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12761","display_name":"Data Stream Mining Techniques","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12761","display_name":"Data Stream Mining Techniques","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12546","display_name":"Smart Parking Systems Research","score":0.9941999912261963,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.9923999905586243,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cloud-computing","display_name":"Cloud computing","score":0.8358147144317627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-of-things","display_name":"Internet of Things","score":0.7427733540534973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6656519174575806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/architecture","display_name":"Architecture","score":0.662360429763794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/analytics","display_name":"Analytics","score":0.6451476216316223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/enhanced-data-rates-for-gsm-evolution","display_name":"Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution","score":0.5877025723457336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-stream-mining","display_name":"Data stream mining","score":0.5709131360054016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet","display_name":"The Internet","score":0.543670654296875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/edge-computing","display_name":"Edge computing","score":0.5149170160293579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smart-city","display_name":"Smart city","score":0.49995875358581543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.4729085862636566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fog-computing","display_name":"Fog computing","score":0.4515100121498108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/big-data","display_name":"Big data","score":0.44507184624671936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business-intelligence","display_name":"Business intelligence","score":0.43125927448272705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.37338927388191223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.33359140157699585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.2521885335445404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/database","display_name":"Database","score":0.20931702852249146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.16177040338516235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.10368689894676208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.07799434661865234}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79974875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483639","display_name":"Cloud computing","level":2,"score":0.8358147144317627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81860439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q251212","display_name":"Internet of Things","level":2,"score":0.7427733540534973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6656519174575806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123657996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12271","display_name":"Architecture","level":2,"score":0.662360429763794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79158427","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q485396","display_name":"Analytics","level":2,"score":0.6451476216316223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162307627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q204833","display_name":"Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution","level":2,"score":0.5877025723457336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89198739","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3079880","display_name":"Data stream mining","level":2,"score":0.5709131360054016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.543670654296875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778456923","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5337692","display_name":"Edge computing","level":3,"score":0.5149170160293579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777103469","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1231558","display_name":"Smart city","level":3,"score":0.49995875358581543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.4729085862636566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986652147","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21809931","display_name":"Fog computing","level":3,"score":0.4515100121498108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75684735","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q858810","display_name":"Big data","level":2,"score":0.44507184624671936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2767350","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6662173","display_name":"Business intelligence","level":2,"score":0.43125927448272705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.37338927388191223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.33359140157699585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.2521885335445404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.20931702852249146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.16177040338516235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.10368689894676208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.07799434661865234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s19163594","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s19163594","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/19/16/3594/pdf?version=1566526763","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:31426586","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31426586","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:84b16ac0423c490987ea1de62030407c","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/84b16ac0423c490987ea1de62030407c","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 19, Iss 16, p 3594 (2019)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:5779827","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/6720178","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/19/16/3594/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19163594","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s19163594","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s19163594","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/19/16/3594/pdf?version=1566526763","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","score":0.8100000023841858}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1599454686","https://openalex.org/W1958174753","https://openalex.org/W1992019053","https://openalex.org/W2055533652","https://openalex.org/W2104564392","https://openalex.org/W2465893152","https://openalex.org/W2508807458","https://openalex.org/W2542459869","https://openalex.org/W2566979091","https://openalex.org/W2626374597","https://openalex.org/W2626498001","https://openalex.org/W2731785630","https://openalex.org/W2753910905","https://openalex.org/W2754080593","https://openalex.org/W2808222154","https://openalex.org/W2847284300","https://openalex.org/W2891927084","https://openalex.org/W2904516392","https://openalex.org/W2913854892","https://openalex.org/W2947399445","https://openalex.org/W6719361715","https://openalex.org/W6731596640","https://openalex.org/W6752866118"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2885657717","https://openalex.org/W2892869641","https://openalex.org/W4328007012","https://openalex.org/W4403116621","https://openalex.org/W3183865553","https://openalex.org/W3158188878","https://openalex.org/W4205392332","https://openalex.org/W2805260971","https://openalex.org/W3198311045","https://openalex.org/W4385586765"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Exploring":[0],"Internet":[1],"of":[2,34],"Things":[3],"(IoT)":[4],"data":[5,15,54],"streams":[6,55],"generated":[7],"by":[8],"smart":[9,62],"cities":[10],"means":[11],"not":[12],"only":[13],"transforming":[14],"into":[16],"better":[17],"business":[18],"decisions":[19],"in":[20,60],"a":[21,43,61],"timely":[22],"way":[23],"but":[24],"also":[25],"generating":[26],"long-term":[27],"location":[28],"intelligence":[29],"for":[30,56],"developing":[31],"new":[32,44],"forms":[33],"urban":[35],"governance":[36],"and":[37],"organization":[38],"policies.":[39],"This":[40],"paper":[41],"proposes":[42],"architecture":[45],"based":[46],"on":[47],"the":[48],"edge-fog-cloud":[49],"continuum":[50],"to":[51],"analyze":[52],"IoT":[53],"delivering":[57],"data-driven":[58],"insights":[59],"parking":[63],"scenario.":[64]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
