{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2963473163","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s19143199","title":"Converting a Common Low-Cost Document Scanner into a Multispectral Scanner","display_name":"Converting a Common Low-Cost Document Scanner into a Multispectral Scanner","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-07-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2963473163","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s19143199","mag":"2963473163","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31330773"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s19143199","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s19143199","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/19/14/3199/pdf?version=1563605620","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/19/14/3199/pdf?version=1563605620","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078439443","display_name":"Zohaib Khan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6294-0688"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170239107","display_name":"University of South Australia","ror":"https://ror.org/01p93h210","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170239107"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zohaib Khan","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Technology and Mathematical Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5095, Australia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6294-0688","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Technology and Mathematical Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5095, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170239107"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003304863","display_name":"Faisal Shafait","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0922-0566"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I929597975","display_name":"National University of Sciences and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03w2j5y17","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I929597975"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Faisal Shafait","raw_affiliation_strings":["Deep Learning Laboratory, National Center of Artificial Intelligence, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan","School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (SEECS), National University of Science and Technology (NUST), Islamabad 44000, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Deep Learning Laboratory, National Center of Artificial Intelligence, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (SEECS), National University of Science and Technology (NUST), Islamabad 44000, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I929597975"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089986388","display_name":"Ajmal Mian","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5206-3842"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177877127","display_name":"The University of Western Australia","ror":"https://ror.org/047272k79","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177877127"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ajmal Mian","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5206-3842","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177877127"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5089986388"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177877127"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":0.1985,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.52558767,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"19","issue":"14","first_page":"3199","last_page":"3199"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14319","display_name":"Currency Recognition and Detection","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14319","display_name":"Currency Recognition and Detection","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12357","display_name":"Digital Media Forensic Detection","score":0.9726999998092651,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11212","display_name":"Cultural Heritage Materials Analysis","score":0.9707000255584717,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1204","display_name":"Archeology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scanner","display_name":"Scanner","score":0.9045521020889282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multispectral-image","display_name":"Multispectral image","score":0.8721253871917725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multispectral-scanner","display_name":"Multispectral Scanner","score":0.7269218564033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6154289245605469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/light-emitting-diode","display_name":"Light-emitting diode","score":0.5938507914543152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.434548944234848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.39098963141441345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.2552987039089203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.23459652066230774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.17231270670890808},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.09904766082763672}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779751349","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1474480","display_name":"Scanner","level":2,"score":0.9045521020889282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173163844","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1761440","display_name":"Multispectral image","level":2,"score":0.8721253871917725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777205146","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6935091","display_name":"Multispectral Scanner","level":2,"score":0.7269218564033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6154289245605469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176666156","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25504","display_name":"Light-emitting diode","level":2,"score":0.5938507914543152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.434548944234848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.39098963141441345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.2552987039089203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.23459652066230774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.17231270670890808},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.09904766082763672}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":8,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s19143199","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s19143199","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/19/14/3199/pdf?version=1563605620","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:31330773","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31330773","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.atira.dk:openaire/7ca6f49f-9ba9-4e55-936c-da796be84d68","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://admin.research-repository.uwa.edu.au/en/publications/7ca6f49f-9ba9-4e55-936c-da796be84d68","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402523","display_name":"UWA Profiles and Research Repository (University of Western Australia)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I177877127","host_organization_name":"The University of Western Australia","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177877127"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Khan, Z, Shafait, F & Mian, A 2019, 'Converting a common low-cost document scanner into a multispectral scanner', Sensors (Switzerland), vol. 19, no. 14, 3199. https://doi.org/10.3390/s19143199","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:173d8e35025c4e8f975f07b43f963b38","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/173d8e35025c4e8f975f07b43f963b38","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 19, Iss 14, p 3199 (2019)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:5649464","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/6679315","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/19/14/3199/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19143199","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.atira.dk:publications/7ca6f49f-9ba9-4e55-936c-da796be84d68","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85070477756&partnerID=8YFLogxK","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402523","display_name":"UWA Profiles and Research Repository (University of Western Australia)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I177877127","host_organization_name":"The University of Western Australia","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177877127"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Khan, Z, Shafait, F & Mian, A 2019, 'Converting a common low-cost document scanner into a multispectral scanner', Sensors (Switzerland), vol. 19, no. 14, 3199. https://doi.org/10.3390/s19143199","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:urm_publish:9916302300101831","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/11541.2/138533","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402528","display_name":"UniSA Research Outputs Repository (University of South Australia)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I170239107","host_organization_name":"University of South Australia","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170239107"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s19143199","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s19143199","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/19/14/3199/pdf?version=1563605620","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","score":0.4300000071525574,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1545593856","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"00609 10300067","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320991","funder_display_name":"University of Western Australia"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2514911462","display_name":"Defense against adversarial attacks on deep learning in computer vision","funder_award_id":"DP190102443","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334704","funder_display_name":"Australian Research Council"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320991","display_name":"University of Western Australia","ror":"https://ror.org/047272k79"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334704","display_name":"Australian Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/05mmh0f86"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1021757497","https://openalex.org/W1985051078","https://openalex.org/W2008158986","https://openalex.org/W2016835253","https://openalex.org/W2031253668","https://openalex.org/W2046066563","https://openalex.org/W2046995795","https://openalex.org/W2048650339","https://openalex.org/W2078962876","https://openalex.org/W2099397676","https://openalex.org/W2135331014","https://openalex.org/W2288400070","https://openalex.org/W2528261887","https://openalex.org/W2795543531","https://openalex.org/W2810301424","https://openalex.org/W2889407785","https://openalex.org/W2890455271","https://openalex.org/W3177200386","https://openalex.org/W6797719664"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2001338653","https://openalex.org/W2578373974","https://openalex.org/W70853072","https://openalex.org/W814327955","https://openalex.org/W2941052898","https://openalex.org/W1993120711","https://openalex.org/W2567107958","https://openalex.org/W2963473163","https://openalex.org/W172072032","https://openalex.org/W2071231917"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Forged":[0],"documents":[1],"and":[2,22,57,86,101,118],"counterfeit":[3],"currency":[4],"can":[5,105],"be":[6,107],"better":[7],"detected":[8],"with":[9,83],"multispectral":[10,25,41,61],"imaging":[11],"in":[12,111],"multiple":[13],"color":[14],"channels":[15],"instead":[16],"of":[17,33,43,65,90,113],"the":[18,31,78,91],"usual":[19],"red,":[20],"green":[21],"blue.":[23],"However,":[24],"cameras/scanners":[26],"are":[27],"expensive.":[28],"We":[29],"propose":[30],"construction":[32],"a":[34,88,98],"low":[35],"cost":[36],"scanner":[37,48,79],"designed":[38],"to":[39],"capture":[40],"images":[42],"documents.":[44],"A":[45,72],"standard":[46],"sheet-feed":[47],"was":[49,74],"modified":[50],"by":[51,76],"disconnecting":[52],"its":[53],"internal":[54],"light":[55,62,68,80],"source":[56,63],"connecting":[58],"an":[59],"external":[60],"comprising":[64],"narrow":[66],"band":[67],"emitting":[69],"diodes":[70],"(LED).":[71],"document":[73],"scanned":[75],"illuminating":[77],"guide":[81],"successively":[82],"different":[84],"LEDs":[85],"capturing":[87],"scan":[89],"document.":[92],"The":[93],"system":[94],"costs":[95],"less":[96],"than":[97],"hundred":[99],"dollars":[100],"is":[102],"portable.":[103],"It":[104],"potentially":[106],"used":[108],"for":[109],"applications":[110],"verification":[112],"questioned":[114],"documents,":[115],"checks,":[116],"receipts":[117],"bank":[119],"notes.":[120]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2019-07-30T00:00:00"}
