{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2963132571","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s19143196","title":"Design of a Purely Mechanical Sensor-Controller Integrated System for Walking Assistance on an Ankle-Foot Exoskeleton","display_name":"Design of a Purely Mechanical Sensor-Controller Integrated System for Walking Assistance on an Ankle-Foot Exoskeleton","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-07-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2963132571","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s19143196","mag":"2963132571","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31331126"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s19143196","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s19143196","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/19/14/3196/pdf?version=1563785901","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/19/14/3196/pdf?version=1563785901","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100755820","display_name":"Xiangyang Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3907-0618"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21193070","display_name":"Beijing Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/01yj56c84","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiangyang Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Robotics Research Center, School of Mechanical, Electronic and Control Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3907-0618","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Robotics Research Center, School of Mechanical, Electronic and Control Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100687095","display_name":"Sheng Guo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6746-9274"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21193070","display_name":"Beijing Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/01yj56c84","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Sheng Guo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Vehicle Advanced Manufacturing, Measuring and Control Technology, Ministry of Education, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China","Robotics Research Center, School of Mechanical, Electronic and Control Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Vehicle Advanced Manufacturing, Measuring and Control Technology, Ministry of Education, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Robotics Research Center, School of Mechanical, Electronic and Control Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055485428","display_name":"Haibo Qu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3053-7901"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21193070","display_name":"Beijing Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/01yj56c84","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haibo Qu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Vehicle Advanced Manufacturing, Measuring and Control Technology, Ministry of Education, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China","Robotics Research Center, School of Mechanical, Electronic and Control Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Vehicle Advanced Manufacturing, Measuring and Control Technology, Ministry of Education, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Robotics Research Center, School of Mechanical, Electronic and Control Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101372110","display_name":"Majun Song","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21193070","display_name":"Beijing Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/01yj56c84","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Majun Song","raw_affiliation_strings":["Robotics Research Center, School of Mechanical, Electronic and Control Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Robotics Research Center, School of Mechanical, Electronic and Control Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100687095"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":1.3949,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":32,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.79779781,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"19","issue":"14","first_page":"3196","last_page":"3196"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11023","display_name":"Prosthetics and Rehabilitation Robotics","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11023","display_name":"Prosthetics and Rehabilitation Robotics","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10784","display_name":"Muscle activation and electromyography studies","score":0.9948999881744385,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10510","display_name":"Stroke Rehabilitation and Recovery","score":0.9442999958992004,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2742","display_name":"Rehabilitation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exoskeleton","display_name":"Exoskeleton","score":0.9049023985862732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clutch","display_name":"Clutch","score":0.8554885983467102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/controller","display_name":"Controller (irrigation)","score":0.5984185338020325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/torque","display_name":"Torque","score":0.5969853401184082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/actuator","display_name":"Actuator","score":0.5807526111602783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gait","display_name":"Gait","score":0.4926496148109436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.48067840933799744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.442082017660141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mechanism","display_name":"Mechanism (biology)","score":0.422777384519577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simulation","display_name":"Simulation","score":0.4211825728416443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-engineering","display_name":"Control engineering","score":0.3599016070365906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automotive-engineering","display_name":"Automotive engineering","score":0.2773374617099762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.13275569677352905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physical-medicine-and-rehabilitation","display_name":"Physical medicine and rehabilitation","score":0.09445348381996155}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146549078","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q191944","display_name":"Exoskeleton","level":2,"score":0.9049023985862732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30358287","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194302","display_name":"Clutch","level":2,"score":0.8554885983467102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203479927","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165939","display_name":"Controller (irrigation)","level":2,"score":0.5984185338020325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144171764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48103","display_name":"Torque","level":2,"score":0.5969853401184082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172707124","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q423488","display_name":"Actuator","level":2,"score":0.5807526111602783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151800584","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2370000","display_name":"Gait","level":2,"score":0.4926496148109436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.48067840933799744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.442082017660141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89611455","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6804646","display_name":"Mechanism (biology)","level":2,"score":0.422777384519577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44154836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45045","display_name":"Simulation","level":1,"score":0.4211825728416443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133731056","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4917288","display_name":"Control engineering","level":1,"score":0.3599016070365906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171146098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q124192","display_name":"Automotive engineering","level":1,"score":0.2773374617099762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.13275569677352905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99508421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2678675","display_name":"Physical medicine and rehabilitation","level":1,"score":0.09445348381996155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6557445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113","display_name":"Agronomy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000067190","descriptor_name":"Exoskeleton Device","qualifier_ui":"Q000592","qualifier_name":"standards","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000067190","descriptor_name":"Exoskeleton Device","qualifier_ui":"Q000592","qualifier_name":"standards","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000067190","descriptor_name":"Exoskeleton Device","qualifier_ui":"Q000592","qualifier_name":"standards","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000842","descriptor_name":"Ankle","qualifier_ui":"Q000503","qualifier_name":"physiopathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000842","descriptor_name":"Ankle","qualifier_ui":"Q000503","qualifier_name":"physiopathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000842","descriptor_name":"Ankle","qualifier_ui":"Q000503","qualifier_name":"physiopathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000843","descriptor_name":"Ankle Joint","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000843","descriptor_name":"Ankle Joint","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000843","descriptor_name":"Ankle Joint","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001696","descriptor_name":"Biomechanical Phenomena","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001696","descriptor_name":"Biomechanical Phenomena","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001696","descriptor_name":"Biomechanical Phenomena","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004576","descriptor_name":"Electromyography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004576","descriptor_name":"Electromyography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004576","descriptor_name":"Electromyography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004734","descriptor_name":"Energy Metabolism","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004734","descriptor_name":"Energy Metabolism","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004734","descriptor_name":"Energy Metabolism","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005081","descriptor_name":"Exercise Therapy","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005081","descriptor_name":"Exercise Therapy","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005081","descriptor_name":"Exercise Therapy","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005528","descriptor_name":"Foot","qualifier_ui":"Q000503","qualifier_name":"physiopathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005528","descriptor_name":"Foot","qualifier_ui":"Q000503","qualifier_name":"physiopathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005528","descriptor_name":"Foot","qualifier_ui":"Q000503","qualifier_name":"physiopathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005684","descriptor_name":"Gait","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005684","descriptor_name":"Gait","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005684","descriptor_name":"Gait","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012371","descriptor_name":"Robotics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012371","descriptor_name":"Robotics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012371","descriptor_name":"Robotics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015374","descriptor_name":"Biosensing Techniques","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015374","descriptor_name":"Biosensing Techniques","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015374","descriptor_name":"Biosensing Techniques","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016138","descriptor_name":"Walking","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016138","descriptor_name":"Walking","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016138","descriptor_name":"Walking","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s19143196","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s19143196","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/19/14/3196/pdf?version=1563785901","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:31331126","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31331126","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:32fd9f652ea44c8bb8f600973f1602a3","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/32fd9f652ea44c8bb8f600973f1602a3","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 19, Iss 14, p 3196 (2019)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:5649408","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/6679259","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/19/14/3196/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19143196","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s19143196","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s19143196","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/19/14/3196/pdf?version=1563785901","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8899999856948853,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3241352443","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"L172021","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322919","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Beijing Municipality"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4480156092","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2019YJS164","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5763217966","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"51875033","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322919","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Beijing Municipality","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2963132571.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2963132571.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":53,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1587755077","https://openalex.org/W1589503602","https://openalex.org/W1979892952","https://openalex.org/W1997244162","https://openalex.org/W2013771067","https://openalex.org/W2020317642","https://openalex.org/W2035866398","https://openalex.org/W2036411590","https://openalex.org/W2037905137","https://openalex.org/W2054857883","https://openalex.org/W2057816579","https://openalex.org/W2058074226","https://openalex.org/W2066825169","https://openalex.org/W2080826208","https://openalex.org/W2096846113","https://openalex.org/W2097763057","https://openalex.org/W2100792856","https://openalex.org/W2105821531","https://openalex.org/W2106951868","https://openalex.org/W2110119146","https://openalex.org/W2114313344","https://openalex.org/W2114411856","https://openalex.org/W2116951991","https://openalex.org/W2118712229","https://openalex.org/W2122691910","https://openalex.org/W2126531049","https://openalex.org/W2127231883","https://openalex.org/W2127927857","https://openalex.org/W2134208106","https://openalex.org/W2135079799","https://openalex.org/W2144910137","https://openalex.org/W2148380797","https://openalex.org/W2149972931","https://openalex.org/W2154445870","https://openalex.org/W2167221577","https://openalex.org/W2168224345","https://openalex.org/W2171786053","https://openalex.org/W2222399534","https://openalex.org/W2287555228","https://openalex.org/W2700163520","https://openalex.org/W2753528279","https://openalex.org/W2790863080","https://openalex.org/W2796711653","https://openalex.org/W2802384909","https://openalex.org/W2884696611","https://openalex.org/W2887345499","https://openalex.org/W2900333193","https://openalex.org/W2922515478","https://openalex.org/W4214746323","https://openalex.org/W6659553478","https://openalex.org/W6677448896","https://openalex.org/W6750590762","https://openalex.org/W6753997098"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3108645022","https://openalex.org/W3165529266","https://openalex.org/W2738109399","https://openalex.org/W4389304962","https://openalex.org/W2088888306","https://openalex.org/W3205655234","https://openalex.org/W2909939948","https://openalex.org/W2336246353","https://openalex.org/W2076295474","https://openalex.org/W2906683640"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Propulsion":[0],"during":[1,159,169,204],"push-off":[2],"(PO)":[3],"is":[4,92,117,196,208,239],"a":[5,63,85,93,99,107],"key":[6],"factor":[7],"to":[8,23,49,154,245],"realize":[9],"human":[10,25,179,231],"locomotion.":[11],"Through":[12],"the":[13,24,28,51,54,68,73,78,81,113,132,135,139,143,146,150,166,174,178,187,191,194,201,215,218,221,227,234,237],"detection":[14,222],"of":[15,37,53,80,121,134,165,177,186,223],"real-time":[16],"gait":[17,224],"stage,":[18],"assistance":[19],"could":[20],"be":[21,246],"provided":[22],"body":[26],"at":[27],"proper":[29],"time.":[30],"In":[31],"most":[32],"cases,":[33],"ankle-foot":[34,151],"exoskeletons":[35],"consist":[36],"electronic":[38],"sensors,":[39],"microprocessors,":[40],"and":[41,57,76,102,124,161,198,233,241],"actuators.":[42],"Although":[43],"these":[44],"three":[45],"essential":[46],"elements":[47],"contribute":[48],"fulfilling":[50],"function":[52],"detection,":[55],"control,":[56],"energy":[58],"injection,":[59],"they":[60],"result":[61],"in":[62,88,214],"huge":[64],"system":[65,75,96,116],"that":[66,97],"reduces":[67],"wearing":[69],"comfort.":[70],"To":[71],"simplify":[72],"sensor-controller":[74,94],"reduce":[77],"mass":[79],"exoskeleton,":[82],"we":[83],"designed":[84,188],"smart":[86],"clutch":[87,148,195,238],"this":[89],"paper,":[90],"which":[91],"integrated":[95],"comprises":[98],"sensing":[100,144],"part":[101],"an":[103,111],"executing":[104],"part.":[105],"With":[106],"spring":[108],"functioning":[109],"as":[110],"actuator,":[112],"whole":[114],"exoskeleton":[115,152],"completely":[118],"made":[119],"up":[120],"mechanical":[122],"parts":[123],"has":[125],"no":[126,209],"external":[127],"power":[128,213],"source.":[129],"By":[130],"controlling":[131],"engagement":[133],"actuator":[136],"based":[137],"on":[138,226],"signal":[140],"acquired":[141],"from":[142],"part,":[145],"proposed":[147],"enables":[149],"(AFE)":[153],"provide":[155],"additional":[156],"ankle":[157,167],"torque":[158],"PO,":[160],"allows":[162],"free":[163],"rotation":[164],"joint":[168],"swing":[170],"phase,":[171],"thus":[172],"reducing":[173],"metabolic":[175],"cost":[176],"body.":[180],"There":[181],"are":[182],"two":[183],"striking":[184],"advantages":[185],"clutch.":[189],"On":[190,217],"one":[192],"hand,":[193,220],"lightweight":[197],"reliable-it":[199],"resists":[200],"possible":[202],"shock":[203],"walking":[205],"since":[206],"there":[207],"circuit":[210],"connection":[211],"or":[212],"system.":[216],"other":[219],"relies":[225],"contact":[228],"states":[229],"between":[230],"feet":[232],"ground,":[235],"so":[236],"universal":[240],"does":[242],"not":[243],"need":[244],"customized":[247],"for":[248],"individuals.":[249]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-05-06T08:25:59.206177","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}