{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2961200084","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s19143110","title":"Mobile Phone Usage Detection by ANN Trained with a Metaheuristic Algorithm \u2020","display_name":"Mobile Phone Usage Detection by ANN Trained with a Metaheuristic Algorithm \u2020","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-07-14","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2961200084","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s19143110","mag":"2961200084","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31337118"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s19143110","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s19143110","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/19/14/3110/pdf?version=1563090840","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/19/14/3110/pdf?version=1563090840","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072534989","display_name":"Efrain Mendez-Flores","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5893-4071"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98461037","display_name":"Tecnol\u00f3gico de Monterrey","ror":"https://ror.org/03ayjn504","country_code":"MX","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98461037"]}],"countries":["MX"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Efrain Mendez","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Engineering and Sciences, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Mexico city 14380, Mexico"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5893-4071","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering and Sciences, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Mexico city 14380, Mexico","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98461037"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084487404","display_name":"Alexandro Ortiz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3945-6908"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98461037","display_name":"Tecnol\u00f3gico de Monterrey","ror":"https://ror.org/03ayjn504","country_code":"MX","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98461037"]}],"countries":["MX"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Alexandro Ortiz","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Engineering and Sciences, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Mexico city 14380, Mexico"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3945-6908","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering and Sciences, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Mexico city 14380, Mexico","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98461037"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085636293","display_name":"Pedro Ponce","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7035-5286"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98461037","display_name":"Tecnol\u00f3gico de Monterrey","ror":"https://ror.org/03ayjn504","country_code":"MX","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98461037"]}],"countries":["MX"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pedro Ponce","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Engineering and Sciences, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Mexico city 14380, Mexico"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering and Sciences, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Mexico city 14380, Mexico","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98461037"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101548548","display_name":"Juan Acosta","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5634-7981"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98461037","display_name":"Tecnol\u00f3gico de Monterrey","ror":"https://ror.org/03ayjn504","country_code":"MX","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98461037"]}],"countries":["MX"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Juan Acosta","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Engineering and Sciences, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Mexico city 14380, Mexico"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering and Sciences, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Mexico city 14380, Mexico","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98461037"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031707583","display_name":"Arturo Molina","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5461-2879"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98461037","display_name":"Tecnol\u00f3gico de Monterrey","ror":"https://ror.org/03ayjn504","country_code":"MX","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98461037"]}],"countries":["MX"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Arturo Molina","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Engineering and Sciences, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Mexico city 14380, Mexico"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering and Sciences, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Mexico city 14380, Mexico","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98461037"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5084487404"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98461037"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2673},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2673},"fwci":0.9068,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":17,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.70265287,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"19","issue":"14","first_page":"3110","last_page":"3110"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13052","display_name":"Molecular Communication and Nanonetworks","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13052","display_name":"Molecular Communication and Nanonetworks","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11992","display_name":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","score":0.9943000078201294,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11392","display_name":"Energy Harvesting in Wireless Networks","score":0.9918000102043152,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6867187023162842},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.6292178630828857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metaheuristic","display_name":"Metaheuristic","score":0.5620757937431335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/emulation","display_name":"Emulation","score":0.5382111072540283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convergence","display_name":"Convergence (economics)","score":0.5326781868934631},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.5012655258178711},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","score":0.48585745692253113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobile-phone","display_name":"Mobile phone","score":0.4760605990886688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.4632142186164856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genetic-algorithm","display_name":"Genetic algorithm","score":0.43622633814811707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.4273831844329834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optimization-problem","display_name":"Optimization problem","score":0.4105709493160248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.40771010518074036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.33326607942581177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.08151295781135559}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6867187023162842},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.6292178630828857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109718341","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1385229","display_name":"Metaheuristic","level":2,"score":0.5620757937431335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149810388","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5374873","display_name":"Emulation","level":2,"score":0.5382111072540283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777303404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759757","display_name":"Convergence (economics)","level":2,"score":0.5326781868934631},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.5012655258178711},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.48585745692253113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777421447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17517","display_name":"Mobile phone","level":2,"score":0.4760605990886688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.4632142186164856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8880873","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187787","display_name":"Genetic algorithm","level":2,"score":0.43622633814811707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.4273831844329834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137836250","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q984063","display_name":"Optimization problem","level":2,"score":0.4105709493160248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.40771010518074036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.33326607942581177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.08151295781135559},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s19143110","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s19143110","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/19/14/3110/pdf?version=1563090840","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:31337118","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31337118","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:9e06be12ab164ae5ac9b0ce7de387f99","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/9e06be12ab164ae5ac9b0ce7de387f99","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 19, Iss 14, p 3110 (2019)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:5649490","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/6679341","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/19/14/3110/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19143110","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s19143110","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s19143110","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/19/14/3110/pdf?version=1563090840","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1091337759","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"#266632","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321739","funder_display_name":"Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnolog\u00eda"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3294276521","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"S0019 201401","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321739","funder_display_name":"Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnolog\u00eda"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321739","display_name":"Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnolog\u00eda","ror":"https://ror.org/059ex5q34"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2961200084.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2961200084.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":29,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1531466882","https://openalex.org/W1861808993","https://openalex.org/W2004159098","https://openalex.org/W2013467330","https://openalex.org/W2021805331","https://openalex.org/W2034411841","https://openalex.org/W2046449634","https://openalex.org/W2051187670","https://openalex.org/W2051871299","https://openalex.org/W2063441759","https://openalex.org/W2072462334","https://openalex.org/W2090762136","https://openalex.org/W2102861059","https://openalex.org/W2116424792","https://openalex.org/W2151666054","https://openalex.org/W2188570344","https://openalex.org/W2339863075","https://openalex.org/W2526474818","https://openalex.org/W2783668427","https://openalex.org/W2793705462","https://openalex.org/W2834468517","https://openalex.org/W2841468528","https://openalex.org/W2884571483","https://openalex.org/W2906608273","https://openalex.org/W2931543172","https://openalex.org/W2937510823","https://openalex.org/W2939490750","https://openalex.org/W2943952292","https://openalex.org/W6686950604"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2154523322","https://openalex.org/W2083200807","https://openalex.org/W2364195017","https://openalex.org/W2049983405","https://openalex.org/W2355430452","https://openalex.org/W1603137082","https://openalex.org/W2392315374","https://openalex.org/W1951195060","https://openalex.org/W2788695490","https://openalex.org/W4375949242"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Artificial":[0],"neural":[1],"networks":[2],"(ANN)":[3],"are":[4,21],"widely":[5],"used":[6],"to":[7,60,131,167,195],"classify":[8],"high":[9],"non-linear":[10],"systems":[11],"by":[12],"using":[13,23,122,155],"a":[14,31,81,105,134,146,150,177],"set":[15],"of":[16,57,110,119,143,149,162,209],"input/output":[17],"data.":[18],"Moreover,":[19],"they":[20],"trained":[22],"several":[24],"optimization":[25,40,44,72,83,229],"methodologies":[26],"and":[27,63,91],"this":[28],"paper":[29],"presents":[30],"novel":[32],"algorithm":[33,179],"for":[34,48,77,108,188,200,218,228],"training":[35,50,86,101,120],"ANN":[36,121],"through":[37],"an":[38,93,99],"earthquake":[39],"method.":[41],"Usually,":[42],"gradient":[43],"method":[45,217],"is":[46,89,104,153,186],"implemented":[47],"the":[49,54,67,85,123,156,160,189,196,201,206,210,215],"process,":[51],"with":[52,75],"perhaps":[53],"large":[55],"number":[56,161],"iterations":[58],"leading":[59],"slow":[61],"convergence,":[62],"not":[64],"always":[65],"achieving":[66],"optimal":[68,94],"solution.":[69,95],"Since":[70],"metaheuristic":[71],"methods":[73],"deal":[74],"searching":[76,198],"weight":[78],"values":[79],"in":[80,128,133,175],"broad":[82],"space,":[84],"computational":[87],"effort":[88],"reduced":[90],"ensures":[92],"This":[96],"work":[97],"shows":[98],"efficient":[100],"process":[102],"that":[103,223],"suitable":[106],"solution":[107],"detection":[109],"mobile":[111,220],"phone":[112,221],"usage":[113],"while":[114],"driving.":[115],"The":[116,183],"main":[117],"advantage":[118],"Earthquake":[124],"Algorithm":[125],"(EA)":[126],"lies":[127],"its":[129,141],"versatility":[130],"search":[132,185],"fine":[135,184],"or":[136],"aggressive":[137],"way,":[138],"which":[139,176],"extends":[140],"field":[142],"application.":[144],"Additionally,":[145],"basic":[147],"example":[148],"linear":[151,202],"classification":[152],"illustrated":[154],"proposal-training":[157],"method,":[158],"so":[159],"applications":[163,222],"could":[164],"be":[165,226],"expanded":[166],"nano-sensors,":[168],"such":[169],"as":[170],"reversible":[171],"logic":[172,191],"circuit":[173],"synthesis":[174],"genetic":[178],"had":[180],"been":[181],"implemented.":[182],"important":[187],"studied":[190],"gate":[192],"emulation":[193],"due":[194],"small":[197],"areas":[199],"separation,":[203],"also":[204,224],"demonstrating":[205],"convergence":[207],"capabilities":[208],"algorithm.":[211],"Experimental":[212],"results":[213],"validate":[214],"proposed":[216],"smart":[219],"can":[225],"applied":[227],"applications.":[230]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-08-01T09:00:35.917206","created_date":"2019-07-23T00:00:00"}