{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2948336298","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s19112579","title":"An Affinity Propagation-Based Self-Adaptive Clustering Method for Wireless Sensor Networks","display_name":"An Affinity Propagation-Based Self-Adaptive Clustering Method for Wireless Sensor Networks","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-06-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2948336298","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s19112579","mag":"2948336298","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31174313"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s19112579","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s19112579","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/19/11/2579/pdf?version=1559812964","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/19/11/2579/pdf?version=1559812964","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Jin Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5473-8738"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177739611","display_name":"Yangtze University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bhmhz54","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177739611"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210141542","display_name":"Yangzhou Vocational University","ror":"https://ror.org/03sxsay12","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210141542"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I56934997","display_name":"Changsha University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03yph8055","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I56934997"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I78978612","display_name":"Yangzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/03tqb8s11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I78978612"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I83791580","display_name":"Fujian University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03c8fdb16","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I83791580"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jin Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Information Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China","Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Processing of Big Data on Transportation, School of Computer & Communication Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410000, China","School of Information Science and Engineering, Fujian University of Technology, Fuzhou 350000, China","School of Information Science and Engineering, Fujian University of Technology, Fuzhou 350000, China. jinwang@csust.edu.cn","College of Information Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China. jinwang@csust.edu.cn","Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Processing of Big Data on Transportation, School of Computer & Communication Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410000, China. jinwang@csust.edu.cn"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5473-8738","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Information Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I78978612"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Processing of Big Data on Transportation, School of Computer & Communication Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410000, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I56934997"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science and Engineering, Fujian University of Technology, Fuzhou 350000, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83791580"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science and Engineering, Fujian University of Technology, Fuzhou 350000, China. jinwang@csust.edu.cn","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83791580"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Information Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China. jinwang@csust.edu.cn","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I78978612","https://openalex.org/I177739611","https://openalex.org/I4210141542"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Processing of Big Data on Transportation, School of Computer & Communication Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410000, China. jinwang@csust.edu.cn","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I56934997"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020803502","display_name":"Yu Gao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2135-7872"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I78978612","display_name":"Yangzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/03tqb8s11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I78978612"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yu Gao","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Information Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China","College of Information Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China. gaoyuyz@163.com"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2135-7872","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Information Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I78978612"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Information Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China. gaoyuyz@163.com","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I78978612"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100719993","display_name":"Kai Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3040-0422"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I78978612","display_name":"Yangzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/03tqb8s11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I78978612"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kai Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Information Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China","College of Information Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China. kennwong99@163.com"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Information Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I78978612"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Information Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China. kennwong99@163.com","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I78978612"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072241102","display_name":"Arun Kumar Sangaiah","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0229-2460"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I876193797","display_name":"Vellore Institute of Technology University","ror":"https://ror.org/00qzypv28","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I876193797"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Arun Sangaiah","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computing Science and Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore 632014, India","School of Computing Science and Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore 632014, India. arunkumarsangaiah@gmail.com"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0229-2460","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing Science and Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore 632014, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I876193797"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing Science and Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore 632014, India. arunkumarsangaiah@gmail.com","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I876193797"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058982256","display_name":"Se\u2010Jung Lim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3249-495X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I195373058","display_name":"Honam University","ror":"https://ror.org/04vj5r404","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I195373058"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Se-Jung Lim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Liberal Arts & Convergence Studies, Honam University, Gwangju 622623624, Korea","Liberal Arts & Convergence Studies, Honam University, Gwangju 622623624, Korea. limsejung@korea.ac.kr"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3249-495X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Liberal Arts & Convergence Studies, Honam University, Gwangju 622623624, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I195373058"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Liberal Arts & Convergence Studies, Honam University, Gwangju 622623624, Korea. limsejung@korea.ac.kr","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I195373058"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5058982256"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I195373058"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":20.6145,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":156,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99585062,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"19","issue":"11","first_page":"2579","last_page":"2579"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10080","display_name":"Energy Efficient Wireless Sensor Networks","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10080","display_name":"Energy Efficient Wireless Sensor Networks","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12222","display_name":"IoT-based Smart Home Systems","score":0.9794999957084656,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11498","display_name":"Security in Wireless Sensor Networks","score":0.9789000153541565,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cluster-analysis","display_name":"Cluster analysis","score":0.8352667689323425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6922650337219238},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/affinity-propagation","display_name":"Affinity propagation","score":0.6280739307403564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-sensor-network","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","score":0.5817168951034546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hierarchical-clustering","display_name":"Hierarchical clustering","score":0.4679853916168213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/k-medoids","display_name":"k-medoids","score":0.4665610194206238},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.4164980947971344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/correlation-clustering","display_name":"Correlation clustering","score":0.36843788623809814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cure-data-clustering-algorithm","display_name":"CURE data clustering algorithm","score":0.30377721786499023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.27783238887786865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.22488737106323242}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73555534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622825","display_name":"Cluster analysis","level":2,"score":0.8352667689323425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6922650337219238},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109659709","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3407504","display_name":"Affinity propagation","level":5,"score":0.6280739307403564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24590314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q336038","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","level":2,"score":0.5817168951034546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C92835128","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1277447","display_name":"Hierarchical clustering","level":3,"score":0.4679853916168213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65932786","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3191282","display_name":"k-medoids","level":5,"score":0.4665610194206238},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.4164980947971344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94641424","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5172845","display_name":"Correlation clustering","level":3,"score":0.36843788623809814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33704608","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5014717","display_name":"CURE data clustering algorithm","level":4,"score":0.30377721786499023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.27783238887786865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.22488737106323242}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s19112579","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s19112579","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/19/11/2579/pdf?version=1559812964","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:31174313","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31174313","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:73361877c90d43989e0c0c34aaff1206","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/73361877c90d43989e0c0c34aaff1206","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 19, Iss 11, p 2579 (2019)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:5597113","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/6603514","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/19/11/2579/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19112579","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s19112579","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s19112579","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/19/11/2579/pdf?version=1559812964","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9100000262260437,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1030032635","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61772454, 61811530332, 61811540410","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4651957606","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61811540410","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7170405673","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61772454","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G764887481","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61811530332","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2948336298.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":33,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1579298160","https://openalex.org/W2025263599","https://openalex.org/W2102699948","https://openalex.org/W2104846640","https://openalex.org/W2106335692","https://openalex.org/W2132102326","https://openalex.org/W2132549513","https://openalex.org/W2138373774","https://openalex.org/W2141936120","https://openalex.org/W2155492251","https://openalex.org/W2155864758","https://openalex.org/W2168452204","https://openalex.org/W2259372711","https://openalex.org/W2293905355","https://openalex.org/W2346819058","https://openalex.org/W2556232699","https://openalex.org/W2567964251","https://openalex.org/W2741265261","https://openalex.org/W2749787081","https://openalex.org/W2752790246","https://openalex.org/W2794860015","https://openalex.org/W2902335478","https://openalex.org/W2908997014","https://openalex.org/W2911036432","https://openalex.org/W2913222812","https://openalex.org/W2924340414","https://openalex.org/W2924836084","https://openalex.org/W2945990730","https://openalex.org/W3144240269","https://openalex.org/W6603586546","https://openalex.org/W6743370103","https://openalex.org/W6758222689","https://openalex.org/W6793078629"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2358586643","https://openalex.org/W1975195692","https://openalex.org/W2567087402","https://openalex.org/W2245611357","https://openalex.org/W2794209582","https://openalex.org/W2411038988","https://openalex.org/W2384052049","https://openalex.org/W2367205823","https://openalex.org/W1528194447","https://openalex.org/W3216631516"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"wireless":[1],"sensor":[2],"network":[3,31,148],"(WSN)":[4],"is":[5,88,95,101,116,140],"an":[6,81],"essential":[7],"component":[8],"of":[9,12,51,92,123,146,158,164],"the":[10,34,75,104,121,129,137,144,147,156,159,165,175,184,194,205],"Internet":[11],"Things":[13],"(IoTs)":[14],"for":[15,37,128,134,189],"information":[16],"exchange":[17],"and":[18,55,125,168,204],"communication":[19],"between":[20],"ubiquitous":[21],"smart":[22],"objects.":[23],"Clustering":[24],"techniques":[25],"are":[26],"widely":[27],"applied":[28],"to":[29,65,73,109,119,126,142],"improve":[30],"performance":[32],"during":[33],"routing":[35,187],"phase":[36],"WSN.":[38],"However,":[39],"existing":[40],"clustering":[41,67,86,113,167,197,210],"methods":[42,68],"still":[43],"have":[44],"some":[45,179],"drawbacks":[46],"such":[47,182],"as":[48,183],"uneven":[49],"distribution":[50],"cluster":[52,132],"heads":[53],"(CH)":[54],"unbalanced":[56],"energy":[57,206],"consumption.":[58],"Recently,":[59],"much":[60],"attention":[61],"has":[62],"been":[63],"paid":[64],"intelligent":[66],"based":[69],"on":[70],"machine":[71,98],"learning":[72,99],"solve":[74],"above":[76],"issues.":[77],"In":[78],"this":[79],"paper,":[80],"affinity":[82,105,200],"propagation-based":[83],"self-adaptive":[84],"(APSA)":[85],"method":[87,108,153],"presented.":[89],"The":[90,151],"advantage":[91],"K-medoids,":[93],"which":[94],"a":[96],"traditional":[97,160],"algorithm,":[100,203],"combined":[102],"with":[103],"propagation":[106,201],"(AP)":[107],"achieve":[110],"more":[111],"reasonable":[112],"performance.":[114],"AP":[115],"firstly":[117],"utilized":[118,141],"determine":[120],"number":[122],"CHs":[124],"search":[127],"optimal":[130],"initial":[131],"centers":[133],"K-medoids.":[135],"Then":[136],"modified":[138],"K-medoids":[139,161],"form":[143],"topology":[145],"by":[149],"iteration.":[150],"presented":[152],"effectively":[154],"avoids":[155],"weakness":[157],"in":[162],"aspects":[163],"homogeneous":[166],"convergence":[169],"rate.":[170],"Simulation":[171],"results":[172],"show":[173],"that":[174],"proposed":[176],"algorithm":[177],"outperforms":[178],"latest":[180],"work":[181],"unequal":[185,209],"cluster-based":[186],"scheme":[188],"multi-level":[190],"heterogeneous":[191],"WSN":[192],"(UCR-H),":[193],"low-energy":[195],"adaptive":[196],"hierarchy":[198],"using":[199],"(LEACH-AP)":[202],"degree":[207],"distance":[208],"(EDDUCA)":[211],"algorithm.":[212]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":48},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":37},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":14}],"updated_date":"2026-05-22T06:13:13.366637","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}