{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2947924285","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s19112496","title":"Assessment of BeiDou-3 and Multi-GNSS Precise Point Positioning Performance","display_name":"Assessment of BeiDou-3 and Multi-GNSS Precise Point Positioning Performance","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-05-31","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2947924285","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s19112496","mag":"2947924285","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31159245"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s19112496","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s19112496","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/19/11/2496/pdf?version=1559302475","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/19/11/2496/pdf?version=1559302475","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069947859","display_name":"Guoqiang Jiao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3768-5341"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799714274","display_name":"Shanghai Astronomical Observatory","ror":"https://ror.org/003n8re58","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I2799714274"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guoqiang Jiao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shanghai Astronomical Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200030, China","University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3768-5341","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Astronomical Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200030, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799714274"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005397223","display_name":"Shuli Song","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2747-3951"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799714274","display_name":"Shanghai Astronomical Observatory","ror":"https://ror.org/003n8re58","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I2799714274"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Shuli Song","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shanghai Astronomical Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200030, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Astronomical Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200030, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799714274"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004315015","display_name":"Yulong Ge","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8988-6212"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210093645","display_name":"National Time Service Center","ror":"https://ror.org/00655qp86","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210093645"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yulong Ge","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Time Service Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi\u2019an 710600, China","University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China","National Time Service Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710600, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8988-6212","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Time Service Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi\u2019an 710600, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210093645"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Time Service Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710600, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210093645"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017046908","display_name":"Ke Su","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3039-5106"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799714274","display_name":"Shanghai Astronomical Observatory","ror":"https://ror.org/003n8re58","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I2799714274"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ke Su","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shanghai Astronomical Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200030, China","University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3039-5106","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Astronomical Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200030, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799714274"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100393316","display_name":"Yangyang Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7173-1121"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210093645","display_name":"National Time Service Center","ror":"https://ror.org/00655qp86","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210093645"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yangyang Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Time Service Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi\u2019an 710600, China","University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China","National Time Service Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710600, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Time Service Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi\u2019an 710600, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210093645"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Time Service Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710600, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210093645"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5005397223"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799714274"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2673},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2673},"fwci":78.2233,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":53,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99810306,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"19","issue":"11","first_page":"2496","last_page":"2496"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10655","display_name":"GNSS positioning and interference","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10655","display_name":"GNSS positioning and interference","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11405","display_name":"Geophysics and Gravity Measurements","score":0.9966999888420105,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1910","display_name":"Oceanography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10159","display_name":"Ionosphere and magnetosphere dynamics","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/galileo","display_name":"Galileo (satellite navigation)","score":0.911863386631012},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/glonass","display_name":"GLONASS","score":0.8950845003128052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gnss-applications","display_name":"GNSS applications","score":0.8467327356338501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/global-positioning-system","display_name":"Global Positioning System","score":0.833158552646637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/precise-point-positioning","display_name":"Precise Point Positioning","score":0.7199901938438416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dilution-of-precision","display_name":"Dilution of precision","score":0.6990662813186646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geodesy","display_name":"Geodesy","score":0.6123128533363342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beidou-navigation-satellite-system","display_name":"BeiDou Navigation Satellite System","score":0.5755971074104309},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-kinematic","display_name":"Real Time Kinematic","score":0.5416394472122192},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.5180840492248535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/satellite","display_name":"Satellite","score":0.5079665780067444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.48676109313964844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/satellite-navigation","display_name":"Satellite navigation","score":0.45703446865081787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/satellite-system","display_name":"Satellite system","score":0.4311930537223816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.3250148892402649},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.22254469990730286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.12002885341644287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aerospace-engineering","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","score":0.09271696209907532}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177219330","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193902","display_name":"Galileo (satellite navigation)","level":2,"score":0.911863386631012},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C102451475","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q486250","display_name":"GLONASS","level":4,"score":0.8950845003128052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14279187","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5514012","display_name":"GNSS applications","level":3,"score":0.8467327356338501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60229501","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18822","display_name":"Global Positioning System","level":2,"score":0.833158552646637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202511199","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7239503","display_name":"Precise Point Positioning","level":4,"score":0.7199901938438416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200499919","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q616896","display_name":"Dilution of precision","level":4,"score":0.6990662813186646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.6123128533363342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777783341","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q857141","display_name":"BeiDou Navigation Satellite System","level":4,"score":0.5755971074104309},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93103318","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q980965","display_name":"Real Time Kinematic","level":4,"score":0.5416394472122192},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.5180840492248535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19269812","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26540","display_name":"Satellite","level":2,"score":0.5079665780067444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.48676109313964844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36301306","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179435","display_name":"Satellite navigation","level":3,"score":0.45703446865081787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778027091","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25346003","display_name":"Satellite system","level":4,"score":0.4311930537223816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.3250148892402649},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.22254469990730286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.12002885341644287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.09271696209907532}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s19112496","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s19112496","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/19/11/2496/pdf?version=1559302475","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:31159245","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31159245","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:06a1cd571918471d811bfd83a417ce71","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/06a1cd571918471d811bfd83a417ce71","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 19, Iss 11, p 2496 (2019)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:5594688","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/6603695","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/19/11/2496/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19112496","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s19112496","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s19112496","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/19/11/2496/pdf?version=1559302475","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2947924285.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2947924285.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":40,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W646967930","https://openalex.org/W1530637140","https://openalex.org/W1607909567","https://openalex.org/W1967880009","https://openalex.org/W1997010177","https://openalex.org/W2026221531","https://openalex.org/W2032367393","https://openalex.org/W2079595022","https://openalex.org/W2084389047","https://openalex.org/W2086892817","https://openalex.org/W2094280389","https://openalex.org/W2107971176","https://openalex.org/W2148255198","https://openalex.org/W2148865616","https://openalex.org/W2187850394","https://openalex.org/W2236246830","https://openalex.org/W2529543626","https://openalex.org/W2573739355","https://openalex.org/W2581298850","https://openalex.org/W2607422644","https://openalex.org/W2625043143","https://openalex.org/W2625889682","https://openalex.org/W2746262679","https://openalex.org/W2755346628","https://openalex.org/W2765532260","https://openalex.org/W2767881019","https://openalex.org/W2782631487","https://openalex.org/W2783604745","https://openalex.org/W2797286077","https://openalex.org/W2804714064","https://openalex.org/W2809828946","https://openalex.org/W2899306094","https://openalex.org/W2899390859","https://openalex.org/W2902729574","https://openalex.org/W2918488316","https://openalex.org/W2919576603","https://openalex.org/W2923731567","https://openalex.org/W6631605385","https://openalex.org/W6742904568","https://openalex.org/W6756562988"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2356439301","https://openalex.org/W2770049143","https://openalex.org/W4200549950","https://openalex.org/W2392133152","https://openalex.org/W2026415456","https://openalex.org/W2463819730","https://openalex.org/W2373524029","https://openalex.org/W2320535244","https://openalex.org/W4232125131","https://openalex.org/W1983786344"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"With":[0],"the":[1,9,18,24,42,53,62,73,84,90,113,139,142,162,183,217,221,226,242,257,274,283,293,307,321,329,350,359],"launch":[2],"of":[3,29,44,55,61,75,105,116,141,147,160,169,195,220,245,304,333,352,361],"BDS-3":[4,240],"and":[5,23,38,66,80,98,121,130,152,165,174,188,202,210,231,254,256,265,280,299,313,320,339,358],"Galileo":[6,25,39,81,166,175,281,314],"new":[7],"satellites,":[8],"BeiDou":[10],"navigation":[11],"satellite":[12],"system":[13],"(BDS)":[14],"has":[15],"developed":[16],"from":[17],"regional":[19],"to":[20,51,72,111,137,186,273,346],"global":[21,45,56,114,170,341,355],"system,":[22],"constellation":[26],"will":[27],"consist":[28],"26":[30],"satellites":[31],"in":[32,145,216,267,296],"space.":[33],"Thus,":[34],"BDS,":[35,64],"GPS,":[36,63,78,117,277,310,334],"GLONASS,":[37,65,79,120,279,312,337],"all":[40],"have":[41,282],"capability":[43],"positioning":[46,59,148,196,243,287,294],"services.":[47],"It":[48,233],"is":[49,225,234,249,260,315],"meaningful":[50],"evaluate":[52],"ability":[54],"precise":[57,356],"point":[58],"(PPP)":[60],"Galileo.":[67,122],"This":[68],"paper":[69],"mainly":[70],"contributes":[71],"assessment":[74,332],"BDS-2,":[76,118,335],"BDS-2/BDS-3,":[77,119,127,278,311,336],"PPP":[82,133,143,201,204,248,290,342],"with":[83],"observations":[85],"that":[86],"were":[87,135],"provided":[88],"by":[89,238,251,262,326],"international":[91],"Global":[92],"Navigation":[93],"Satellite":[94],"System":[95,100],"(GNSS)":[96],"Monitoring":[97],"Assessment":[99],"(iGMAS).":[101],"The":[102,172,190,331],"Position":[103],"Dilution":[104],"Precision":[106],"(PDOP)":[107],"value":[108],"was":[109],"utilized":[110],"research":[112],"coverage":[115],"In":[123,158,302],"particular,":[124],"GPS-only,":[125],"BDS-2-only,":[126],"GLONASS-only,":[128],"Galileo-only,":[129],"multi-GNSS":[131,340,353],"combined":[132],"solutions":[134],"analyzed":[136],"verify":[138],"capacity":[140],"performances":[144,295],"terms":[146,303],"accuracy,":[149,306],"convergence":[150,258],"time,":[151],"zenith":[153],"troposphere":[154],"delay":[155],"(ZTD)":[156],"accuracy.":[157,288],"view":[159],"PDOP,":[161],"current":[163],"BDS":[164,247],"are":[167,178,205,344],"capable":[168],"coverage.":[171],"BDS-2/BDS-3":[173,200,322],"PDOP":[176],"values":[177],"fairly":[179],"evenly":[180],"distributed":[181],"around":[182],"world":[184],"similar":[185],"GPS":[187,230],"GLONASS.":[189,232],"root":[191],"mean":[192],"square":[193],"(RMS)":[194],"errors":[197],"for":[198,349],"static":[199,246,275,298],"Galileo-only":[203],"10.7,":[206],"19.5,":[207],"20.4":[208],"mm,":[209,214,319],"6.9,":[211],"18.6,":[212],"19.6":[213],"respectively,":[215],"geographic":[218],"area":[219],"selected":[222],"station,":[223],"which":[224],"same":[227,285],"level":[228],"as":[229],"worth":[235],"mentioning":[236],"that,":[237],"adding":[239],"observations,":[241],"accuracy":[244,325],"improved":[250],"17.05%,":[252],"24.42%,":[253],"35.65%,":[255],"time":[259],"reduced":[261],"27.15%,":[263],"27.87%,":[264],"35.76%":[266],"three":[268],"coordinate":[269],"components,":[270],"respectively.":[271],"Similar":[272],"positioning,":[276,357],"basically":[284],"kinematic":[286,300],"Multi-GNSS":[289],"significantly":[291],"improves":[292,323],"both":[297],"positioning.":[301],"ZTD":[305,324],"difference":[308],"between":[309],"less":[316],"than":[317],"1":[318],"20.48%":[327],"over":[328],"BDS-2.":[330],"Galileo,":[338],"performance":[343],"shown":[345],"make":[347],"comments":[348],"development":[351],"integration,":[354],"construction":[360],"iGMAS.":[362]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-07-22T07:51:19.307946","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}