{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2939353707","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s19081748","title":"Online Monitoring of Moisture Diffusion in Carbon Fiber Composites Using Miniaturized Flexible Material Integrated Sensors","display_name":"Online Monitoring of Moisture Diffusion in Carbon Fiber Composites Using Miniaturized Flexible Material Integrated Sensors","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-04-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2939353707","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s19081748","mag":"2939353707","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31013691"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s19081748","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s19081748","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/19/8/1748/pdf?version=1555043012","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/19/8/1748/pdf?version=1555043012","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011198221","display_name":"Martina H\u00fcbner","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3355-7150"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210106809","display_name":"Institute for Applied Systems Technology Bremen","ror":"https://ror.org/01vg8sr12","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210106809"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Martina H\u00fcbner","raw_affiliation_strings":["University Bremen, Institute for Microsensors, -actuators and -systems (IMSAS), Otto-Hahn-Allee 1, 28215 Bremen, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University Bremen, Institute for Microsensors, -actuators and -systems (IMSAS), Otto-Hahn-Allee 1, 28215 Bremen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210106809"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035899501","display_name":"Dennis Lepke","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210106809","display_name":"Institute for Applied Systems Technology Bremen","ror":"https://ror.org/01vg8sr12","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210106809"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dennis Lepke","raw_affiliation_strings":["University Bremen, Institute for Microsensors, -actuators and -systems (IMSAS), Otto-Hahn-Allee 1, 28215 Bremen, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University Bremen, Institute for Microsensors, -actuators and -systems (IMSAS), Otto-Hahn-Allee 1, 28215 Bremen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210106809"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066919435","display_name":"Elisabeth Hardi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387154152","display_name":"Faserinstitut Bremen","ror":"https://ror.org/02g130845","country_code":null,"type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180437899","https://openalex.org/I4387154152"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Elisabeth Hardi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faserinstitut Bremen e.V., Am Biologischen Garten 2, 28359 Bremen, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faserinstitut Bremen e.V., Am Biologischen Garten 2, 28359 Bremen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4387154152"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071289405","display_name":"Michael Koerdt","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8203-3425"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387154152","display_name":"Faserinstitut Bremen","ror":"https://ror.org/02g130845","country_code":null,"type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180437899","https://openalex.org/I4387154152"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael Koerdt","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faserinstitut Bremen e.V., Am Biologischen Garten 2, 28359 Bremen, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faserinstitut Bremen e.V., Am Biologischen Garten 2, 28359 Bremen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4387154152"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066956129","display_name":"Axel S. Herrmann","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387154152","display_name":"Faserinstitut Bremen","ror":"https://ror.org/02g130845","country_code":null,"type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180437899","https://openalex.org/I4387154152"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Axel S. Herrmann","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faserinstitut Bremen e.V., Am Biologischen Garten 2, 28359 Bremen, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faserinstitut Bremen e.V., Am Biologischen Garten 2, 28359 Bremen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4387154152"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077352854","display_name":"Walter Lang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9813-5231"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210106809","display_name":"Institute for Applied Systems Technology Bremen","ror":"https://ror.org/01vg8sr12","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210106809"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Walter Lang","raw_affiliation_strings":["University Bremen, Institute for Microsensors, -actuators and -systems (IMSAS), Otto-Hahn-Allee 1, 28215 Bremen, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University Bremen, Institute for Microsensors, -actuators and -systems (IMSAS), Otto-Hahn-Allee 1, 28215 Bremen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210106809"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5011198221"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210106809"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":1429,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":1541},"fwci":0.6987,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":17,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.66340144,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"19","issue":"8","first_page":"1748","last_page":"1748"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12682","display_name":"Smart Materials for Construction","score":0.9916999936103821,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2310","display_name":"Pollution"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12682","display_name":"Smart Materials for Construction","score":0.9916999936103821,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2310","display_name":"Pollution"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12696","display_name":"Icing and De-icing Technologies","score":0.9887999892234802,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10205","display_name":"Advanced Fiber Optic Sensors","score":0.9832000136375427,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/moisture","display_name":"Moisture","score":0.7662988901138306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/composite-material","display_name":"Composite material","score":0.7097978591918945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.7093605995178223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/composite-number","display_name":"Composite number","score":0.6934044361114502},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fiber","display_name":"Fiber","score":0.4681565761566162},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dielectric","display_name":"Dielectric","score":0.43559741973876953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/curing","display_name":"Curing (chemistry)","score":0.4308392107486725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optoelectronics","display_name":"Optoelectronics","score":0.12555402517318726}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176864760","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q217651","display_name":"Moisture","level":2,"score":0.7662988901138306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.7097978591918945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.7093605995178223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104779481","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50707","display_name":"Composite number","level":2,"score":0.6934044361114502},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C519885992","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161","display_name":"Fiber","level":2,"score":0.4681565761566162},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133386390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184996","display_name":"Dielectric","level":2,"score":0.43559741973876953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132976073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2991861","display_name":"Curing (chemistry)","level":2,"score":0.4308392107486725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.12555402517318726}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s19081748","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s19081748","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/19/8/1748/pdf?version=1555043012","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:31013691","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31013691","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:fc2b0f04fc894e5b8ca99177ca14ec76","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/fc2b0f04fc894e5b8ca99177ca14ec76","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 19, Iss 8, p 1748 (2019)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/19/8/1748/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19081748","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:6515565","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/6515565","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s19081748","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s19081748","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/19/8/1748/pdf?version=1555043012","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1277102954","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"LA 1471/17-1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","funder_display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6052429835","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"(DFG)","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","funder_display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8330397625","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Funding","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","funder_display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8621368096","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"HE 2574/31-1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","funder_display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","ror":"https://ror.org/018mejw64"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2939353707.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2939353707.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":45,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1239520011","https://openalex.org/W1937622085","https://openalex.org/W1965682831","https://openalex.org/W1970018830","https://openalex.org/W1975045387","https://openalex.org/W1977302745","https://openalex.org/W1978873256","https://openalex.org/W1984517417","https://openalex.org/W1985716339","https://openalex.org/W1988916122","https://openalex.org/W1991129227","https://openalex.org/W1992452427","https://openalex.org/W1994722684","https://openalex.org/W2000999524","https://openalex.org/W2001124413","https://openalex.org/W2003714463","https://openalex.org/W2015726325","https://openalex.org/W2019530363","https://openalex.org/W2037084237","https://openalex.org/W2052954918","https://openalex.org/W2079826606","https://openalex.org/W2083610447","https://openalex.org/W2084244174","https://openalex.org/W2123352410","https://openalex.org/W2130130230","https://openalex.org/W2134027070","https://openalex.org/W2146212880","https://openalex.org/W2187111810","https://openalex.org/W2257932898","https://openalex.org/W2281621254","https://openalex.org/W2299930816","https://openalex.org/W2317173646","https://openalex.org/W2340003823","https://openalex.org/W2574306782","https://openalex.org/W2742323449","https://openalex.org/W2766201626","https://openalex.org/W2789532283","https://openalex.org/W2796746774","https://openalex.org/W2803056625","https://openalex.org/W2922229002","https://openalex.org/W4298046759","https://openalex.org/W4298311600","https://openalex.org/W6672248263","https://openalex.org/W6751775705","https://openalex.org/W6968295429"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2053668343","https://openalex.org/W2076353393","https://openalex.org/W2362940819","https://openalex.org/W2378981270","https://openalex.org/W2086745820","https://openalex.org/W2184008672","https://openalex.org/W2334012978","https://openalex.org/W1908385343","https://openalex.org/W1620532008","https://openalex.org/W2142389239"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Moisture":[0],"diffusion":[1],"in":[2,23,65],"carbon":[3,81],"fiber":[4,82],"composites":[5],"changes":[6,47,145],"the":[7,11,18,24,30,42,45,80,90,113,123,143,147,150,157,170,188,191,195,199],"mechanical":[8],"properties":[9],"of":[10,17,21,44,60],"composite.":[12,83,91],"Therefore,":[13],"a":[14,61,106,179],"monitoring":[15,59,104],"method":[16,40,53],"actual":[19],"content":[20],"moisture":[22,77,120,154,176,196],"composite":[25,63],"is":[26,41,54,185],"important.":[27],"However,":[28],"at":[29],"moment":[31],"there":[32],"are":[33,74,86,116],"no":[34],"online":[35,58],"methods":[36],"established.":[37],"A":[38],"common":[39],"measurement":[43,78,121,177],"mass":[46,151],"due":[48],"to":[49,127,138,164,193],"water":[50],"uptake.":[51],"This":[52,167],"not":[55],"suitable":[56,75,118],"for":[57,76,102,119,175],"real":[62],"part":[64],"service.":[66],"We":[67],"demonstrate":[68,111],"that":[69,96,112,169,187],"miniaturized":[70],"flexible":[71],"interdigital":[72],"sensors":[73,85,115,137,148,171,189],"inside":[79,89,122,198],"These":[84],"directly":[87,162],"integrated":[88,136],"It":[92],"was":[93],"already":[94],"demonstrated":[95],"these":[97],"can":[98,160,172],"be":[99,161,173],"successfully":[100],"used":[101,174],"resin-curing":[103],"as":[105,178],"primary":[107],"application.":[108,181],"Here":[109],"we":[110,130],"same":[114],"also":[117],"material.":[124,200],"In":[125,182],"order":[126],"do":[128],"so,":[129],"expose":[131],"samples":[132],"with":[133,146],"and":[134,141,149,156],"without":[135],"hot-wet":[139],"conditions":[140],"measure":[142,194],"dielectric":[144],"gain.":[152],"The":[153],"concentration":[155],"measured":[158],"admittance":[159],"correlated":[163],"each":[165],"other.":[166],"demonstrates":[168],"secondary":[180],"addition,":[183],"it":[184],"shown":[186],"have":[190],"potential":[192],"locally":[197]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-21T08:13:44.787528","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
