{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2938542981","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s19071698","title":"Characterization of Gas Absorption Modules Based on Flexible Mid-Infrared Hollow Waveguides","display_name":"Characterization of Gas Absorption Modules Based on Flexible Mid-Infrared Hollow Waveguides","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-04-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2938542981","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s19071698","mag":"2938542981","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30974732"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s19071698","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s19071698","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/19/7/1698/pdf?version=1554874047","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/19/7/1698/pdf?version=1554874047","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010302121","display_name":"Kewang Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5613-3644"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24943067","display_name":"Fudan University","ror":"https://ror.org/013q1eq08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kewang Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory for Information Science of Electromagnetic Waves (MoE), Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory for Information Science of Electromagnetic Waves (MoE), Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047386729","display_name":"Zeqiao Zhao","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24943067","display_name":"Fudan University","ror":"https://ror.org/013q1eq08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zeqiao Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory for Information Science of Electromagnetic Waves (MoE), Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory for Information Science of Electromagnetic Waves (MoE), Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100765490","display_name":"Xuewen Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1298-9448"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24943067","display_name":"Fudan University","ror":"https://ror.org/013q1eq08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xuewen Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory for Information Science of Electromagnetic Waves (MoE), Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory for Information Science of Electromagnetic Waves (MoE), Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100438874","display_name":"Xian Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-8355-8454"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24943067","display_name":"Fudan University","ror":"https://ror.org/013q1eq08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xian Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory for Information Science of Electromagnetic Waves (MoE), Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory for Information Science of Electromagnetic Waves (MoE), Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016901442","display_name":"Xiao-Song Zhu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0831-8254"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24943067","display_name":"Fudan University","ror":"https://ror.org/013q1eq08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaosong Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory for Information Science of Electromagnetic Waves (MoE), Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory for Information Science of Electromagnetic Waves (MoE), Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010583638","display_name":"Yi-Wei Shi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2169-8789"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24943067","display_name":"Fudan University","ror":"https://ror.org/013q1eq08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yiwei Shi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory for Information Science of Electromagnetic Waves (MoE), Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory for Information Science of Electromagnetic Waves (MoE), Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5010583638"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":0.4948,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":15,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.58513218,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"19","issue":"7","first_page":"1698","last_page":"1698"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11111","display_name":"Spectroscopy and Laser Applications","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1607","display_name":"Spectroscopy"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11111","display_name":"Spectroscopy and Laser Applications","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1607","display_name":"Spectroscopy"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10205","display_name":"Advanced Fiber Optic Sensors","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10299","display_name":"Photonic and Optical Devices","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.7762700319290161},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/waveguide","display_name":"Waveguide","score":0.7541921138763428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.5518763661384583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/absorption","display_name":"Absorption (acoustics)","score":0.5025465488433838},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/substrate","display_name":"Substrate (aquarium)","score":0.4639337658882141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/infrared","display_name":"Infrared","score":0.4359610974788666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optoelectronics","display_name":"Optoelectronics","score":0.4223964512348175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/composite-material","display_name":"Composite material","score":0.07513836026191711}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.7762700319290161},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200687136","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11233438","display_name":"Waveguide","level":2,"score":0.7541921138763428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.5518763661384583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125287762","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1758948","display_name":"Absorption (acoustics)","level":2,"score":0.5025465488433838},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777289219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7632154","display_name":"Substrate (aquarium)","level":2,"score":0.4639337658882141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158355884","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11388","display_name":"Infrared","level":2,"score":0.4359610974788666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.4223964512348175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.07513836026191711},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111368507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43518","display_name":"Oceanography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s19071698","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s19071698","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/19/7/1698/pdf?version=1554874047","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:30974732","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30974732","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:59c9053c529142bcb8859ad8ccd70a4c","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/59c9053c529142bcb8859ad8ccd70a4c","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 19, Iss 7, p 1698 (2019)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/19/7/1698/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19071698","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:6480174","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/6480174","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s19071698","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s19071698","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/19/7/1698/pdf?version=1554874047","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2938542981.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2938542981.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1963924543","https://openalex.org/W1974699353","https://openalex.org/W1985375464","https://openalex.org/W1985393274","https://openalex.org/W1987136317","https://openalex.org/W2003897708","https://openalex.org/W2005667904","https://openalex.org/W2019285947","https://openalex.org/W2019382958","https://openalex.org/W2062831914","https://openalex.org/W2067296075","https://openalex.org/W2079236838","https://openalex.org/W2092330134","https://openalex.org/W2092935956","https://openalex.org/W2149473774","https://openalex.org/W2411737970","https://openalex.org/W2501072301","https://openalex.org/W2554994292","https://openalex.org/W2733089413","https://openalex.org/W2766184600","https://openalex.org/W2800134314","https://openalex.org/W2890859786","https://openalex.org/W2891335564","https://openalex.org/W2898974920"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2374614594","https://openalex.org/W2391549584","https://openalex.org/W2362091980","https://openalex.org/W2391203560","https://openalex.org/W2025829545","https://openalex.org/W2365737984","https://openalex.org/W3115201059","https://openalex.org/W2375000493","https://openalex.org/W2461118381","https://openalex.org/W2379025356"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0,70,87,112,209],"new":[1],"gas":[2,38],"absorption":[3,39],"module,":[4],"the":[5,32,52,57,60,67,81,84,106,135,177,206,222,225,228],"substrate-embedded":[6],"hollow":[7,24,27,58,85,157,163],"waveguide":[8,28,182,194],"(eHWG)":[9],"model,":[10],"is":[11,29],"proposed.":[12],"It":[13],"consists":[14],"of":[15,56,83,109,138,168,211],"a":[16,19,23,37,44,92,101,118,196],"substrate":[17],"with":[18,140,151,165,205,227],"curved":[20,30],"channel":[21,33,142],"and":[22,34,91,127,155,161,171,230],"waveguide.":[25,86,233],"The":[26,159,179,191],"into":[31],"works":[35],"as":[36,41,43,214,216],"cell":[40],"well":[42],"transmission":[45],"medium":[46],"for":[47,66,221],"mid-infrared":[48],"light.":[49],"Owing":[50],"to":[51,77,99,201],"low":[53,102,184,197,215],"loss":[54,103,185],"property":[55,104],"waveguide,":[59],"signal-to-noise":[61],"ratio":[62],"(SNR)":[63],"was":[64,75,115,219],"improved":[65],"sensing":[68,113,136],"system.":[69],"polycarbonate":[71],"(PC)":[72],"base":[73],"tube":[74],"used":[76,175],"obtain":[78],"flexibility":[79],"in":[80,176],"fabrication":[82],"silver":[88,93],"(Ag)":[89],"layer":[90,96],"iodide":[94],"(AgI)":[95],"were":[97,132,146,174],"inner-coated":[98],"ensure":[100],"at":[105],"fingerprint":[107],"wavelength":[108],"methane":[110],"gas.":[111],"system":[114,223],"established":[116],"using":[117,224],"Fourier":[119],"transform":[120],"infrared":[121],"spectrometer":[122],"(FTIR),":[123],"an":[124,128],"external":[125],"detector,":[126],"eHWG.":[129],"Experimental":[130],"investigations":[131],"carried":[133],"on":[134,148],"performance":[137],"eHWGs":[139,149],"various":[141],"shapes.":[143],"Comparison":[144],"studies":[145],"made":[147],"embedded":[150],"Ag-coated":[152],"or":[153],"Ag-":[154,160],"AgI-coated":[156,162],"waveguides.":[158],"waveguides":[164],"inner":[166],"diameters":[167],"0.7,":[169],"1.4,":[170],"2.0":[172],"mm":[173],"eHWGs.":[178],"large":[180,192,231],"bore":[181,193,232],"had":[183,195],"but":[186],"high":[187,202],"bending":[188],"additional":[189],"loss.":[190],"detection":[198,212],"limit":[199,210],"due":[200],"coupling":[203],"efficiency":[204],"light":[207],"source.":[208],"(LOD)":[213],"2.7":[217],"ppm":[218],"attained":[220],"eHWG":[226],"long":[229]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
