{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2923049503","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s19071501","title":"A Novel Embeddable Tubular Piezoceramics-Based Smart Aggregate for Damage Detection in Two-Dimensional Concrete Structures","display_name":"A Novel Embeddable Tubular Piezoceramics-Based Smart Aggregate for Damage Detection in Two-Dimensional Concrete Structures","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-03-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2923049503","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s19071501","mag":"2923049503","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30925690"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s19071501","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s19071501","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/19/7/1501/pdf?version=1553757117","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/19/7/1501/pdf?version=1553757117","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000084819","display_name":"Weihang Gao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5216-482X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27357992","display_name":"Dalian University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/023hj5876","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Weihang Gao","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Lab of Coastal and Offshore Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5216-482X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Lab of Coastal and Offshore Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000593612","display_name":"Hong\u2010Nan Li","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27357992","display_name":"Dalian University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/023hj5876","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Hongnan Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Lab of Coastal and Offshore Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Lab of Coastal and Offshore Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016395212","display_name":"Siu Chun Michael Ho","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I44461941","display_name":"University of Houston","ror":"https://ror.org/048sx0r50","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I44461941"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Siu Chun Michael Ho","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44461941"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5000593612"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2673},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2673},"fwci":1.9473,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":32,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.83321894,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"19","issue":"7","first_page":"1501","last_page":"1501"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10662","display_name":"Ultrasonics and Acoustic Wave Propagation","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2211","display_name":"Mechanics of Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10662","display_name":"Ultrasonics and Acoustic Wave Propagation","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2211","display_name":"Mechanics of Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10534","display_name":"Structural Health Monitoring Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11609","display_name":"Geophysical Methods and Applications","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/structural-health-monitoring","display_name":"Structural health monitoring","score":0.766025185585022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transducer","display_name":"Transducer","score":0.7568610906600952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/structural-engineering","display_name":"Structural engineering","score":0.6646391153335571},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aggregate","display_name":"Aggregate (composite)","score":0.6644905805587769},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.5913059115409851},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustics","display_name":"Acoustics","score":0.5758512616157532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stress","display_name":"Stress (linguistics)","score":0.4278740882873535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/composite-material","display_name":"Composite material","score":0.25911998748779297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.18809273838996887}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776247918","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423713","display_name":"Structural health monitoring","level":2,"score":0.766025185585022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56318395","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q215928","display_name":"Transducer","level":2,"score":0.7568610906600952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.6646391153335571},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4679612","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q866298","display_name":"Aggregate (composite)","level":2,"score":0.6644905805587769},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.5913059115409851},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.5758512616157532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21036866","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181767","display_name":"Stress (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.4278740882873535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.25911998748779297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.18809273838996887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s19071501","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s19071501","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/19/7/1501/pdf?version=1553757117","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:30925690","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30925690","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:bba601ce60ff4cbe9c70ae3cd402647b","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/bba601ce60ff4cbe9c70ae3cd402647b","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 19, Iss 7, p 1501 (2019)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/19/7/1501/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19071501","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:6479890","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/6479890","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s19071501","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s19071501","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/19/7/1501/pdf?version=1553757117","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","score":0.6200000047683716}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3519657324","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2015CB057704","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327563","funder_display_name":"Major State Basic Research Development Program of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327563","display_name":"Major State Basic Research Development Program of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2923049503.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":63,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1853857139","https://openalex.org/W1970689071","https://openalex.org/W1971240167","https://openalex.org/W1971498438","https://openalex.org/W1973419376","https://openalex.org/W1978134971","https://openalex.org/W2034975097","https://openalex.org/W2035527623","https://openalex.org/W2059611102","https://openalex.org/W2059708627","https://openalex.org/W2060490468","https://openalex.org/W2074484929","https://openalex.org/W2139738355","https://openalex.org/W2216376288","https://openalex.org/W2346605265","https://openalex.org/W2493656770","https://openalex.org/W2503716373","https://openalex.org/W2508542750","https://openalex.org/W2509443795","https://openalex.org/W2529028789","https://openalex.org/W2555066392","https://openalex.org/W2559920515","https://openalex.org/W2566899251","https://openalex.org/W2575383127","https://openalex.org/W2582883409","https://openalex.org/W2596416732","https://openalex.org/W2609004300","https://openalex.org/W2624989649","https://openalex.org/W2734917769","https://openalex.org/W2737509113","https://openalex.org/W2739461674","https://openalex.org/W2742412886","https://openalex.org/W2744906474","https://openalex.org/W2750507084","https://openalex.org/W2765513770","https://openalex.org/W2769580628","https://openalex.org/W2771020520","https://openalex.org/W2772862637","https://openalex.org/W2792748710","https://openalex.org/W2793405136","https://openalex.org/W2799980096","https://openalex.org/W2800414230","https://openalex.org/W2803861686","https://openalex.org/W2804430562","https://openalex.org/W2807344737","https://openalex.org/W2811285924","https://openalex.org/W2884744039","https://openalex.org/W2886937482","https://openalex.org/W2887826478","https://openalex.org/W2889561541","https://openalex.org/W2889586627","https://openalex.org/W2893703701","https://openalex.org/W2898316614","https://openalex.org/W2901198781","https://openalex.org/W2901232984","https://openalex.org/W2902018038","https://openalex.org/W2903117849","https://openalex.org/W2907443900","https://openalex.org/W2908861496","https://openalex.org/W2914421601","https://openalex.org/W6680419673","https://openalex.org/W6728232427","https://openalex.org/W6754090369"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2012283803","https://openalex.org/W4384820447","https://openalex.org/W2383068986","https://openalex.org/W2090275562","https://openalex.org/W3152005513","https://openalex.org/W2020960496","https://openalex.org/W1266100159","https://openalex.org/W2088920587","https://openalex.org/W2034887142","https://openalex.org/W2046074924"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Due":[0,95],"to":[1,96,139,160],"their":[2,50],"multiple":[3],"advantages,":[4],"piezoceramic":[5,82],"materials":[6],"have":[7,27],"been":[8,28],"widely":[9],"used":[10],"in":[11,57,91,116,126],"structural":[12,127],"health":[13,128,178],"monitoring":[14,129,176],"(SHM).":[15],"Piezoceramic":[16],"patch-based":[17],"smart":[18,24,76],"aggregate":[19,25,77],"(SA)":[20],"and":[21,52,65,87,107,141,154],"spherical":[22],"piezoceramic-based":[23],"(SSA)":[26],"developed":[29],"for":[30,55,89,113,124,175],"damage":[31,114],"detection":[32,115],"of":[33,45,121,136,151,180],"concrete":[34,59,67,182],"structures.":[35,94,118,183],"However,":[36],"the":[37,109,122,134,137,162,170,177],"stress":[38,102,143],"waves":[39,103],"generated":[40],"by":[41,49,132],"these":[42],"two":[43],"types":[44],"transducers":[46],"are":[47,53],"limited":[48],"geometry":[51],"unsuitable":[54],"use":[56,90,125],"two-dimensional":[58,92,181],"structures":[60],"(e.g.,":[61],"shear":[62],"walls,":[63],"floors":[64],"cement":[66],"pavements).":[68],"In":[69],"this":[70],"paper,":[71],"a":[72,81],"novel":[73],"embeddable":[74],"tubular":[75],"(TSA)":[78],"based":[79],"on":[80],"tube":[83],"was":[84,130],"designed,":[85],"fabricated":[86],"tested":[88],"(2D)":[93],"its":[97],"special":[98],"geometry,":[99],"radially":[100],"uniform":[101],"can":[104],"be":[105],"generated,":[106],"thus":[108],"TSA":[110,172],"is":[111,173],"suitable":[112,174],"planar":[117],"The":[119,165],"suitability":[120],"transducer":[123,138],"investigated":[131],"characterizing":[133],"ability":[135],"transmit":[140],"measure":[142],"waves.":[144],"Three":[145],"experiments,":[146],"including":[147],"impedance":[148],"analysis,":[149,157],"time":[150],"arrival":[152],"analysis":[153],"sweep":[155],"frequency":[156],"were":[158],"conducted":[159],"test":[161],"proposed":[163,171],"TSA.":[164],"experimental":[166],"results":[167],"show":[168],"that":[169],"condition":[179]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-07-22T07:51:19.307946","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
