{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2917398612","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s19040883","title":"Orthogonal Chirp Coded Excitation in a Capacitive Micro-machined Ultrasonic Transducer Array for Ultrasound Imaging: A Feasibility Study","display_name":"Orthogonal Chirp Coded Excitation in a Capacitive Micro-machined Ultrasonic Transducer Array for Ultrasound Imaging: A Feasibility Study","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-02-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2917398612","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s19040883","mag":"2917398612","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30791619"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s19040883","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s19040883","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/19/4/883/pdf?version=1550828098","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/19/4/883/pdf?version=1550828098","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026481390","display_name":"Bae-Hyung Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9725-5592"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2250650973","display_name":"Samsung (South Korea)","ror":"https://ror.org/04w3jy968","country_code":"KR","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250650973"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Bae-Hyung Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology, Samsung Electronics Co. Ltd, Suwon-si, 16678, Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9725-5592","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology, Samsung Electronics Co. Ltd, Suwon-si, 16678, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2250650973"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070039953","display_name":"Seungheun Lee","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204974687","display_name":"Dong-Eui University","ror":"https://ror.org/059g69b28","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204974687"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Seungheun Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechanical, Automotive and Robotics Engineering, Dong-eui University, Busan 47340, Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical, Automotive and Robotics Engineering, Dong-eui University, Busan 47340, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204974687"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011505703","display_name":"Kang-Sik Kim","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2250650973","display_name":"Samsung (South Korea)","ror":"https://ror.org/04w3jy968","country_code":"KR","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250650973"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kang-Sik Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Health &amp; Medical Equipment Department, Samsung Electronics Co. Ltd, Suwon-si, 16678, Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Health &amp; Medical Equipment Department, Samsung Electronics Co. Ltd, Suwon-si, 16678, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2250650973"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5026481390"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2250650973"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.01450706,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"19","issue":"4","first_page":"883","last_page":"883"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10662","display_name":"Ultrasonics and Acoustic Wave Propagation","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2211","display_name":"Mechanics of Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10662","display_name":"Ultrasonics and Acoustic Wave Propagation","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2211","display_name":"Mechanics of Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10727","display_name":"Ultrasound Imaging and Elastography","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12537","display_name":"Flow Measurement and Analysis","score":0.9972000122070312,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2211","display_name":"Mechanics of Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/capacitive-micromachined-ultrasonic-transducers","display_name":"Capacitive micromachined ultrasonic transducers","score":0.8670203685760498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chirp","display_name":"Chirp","score":0.823682963848114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ultrasonic-sensor","display_name":"Ultrasonic sensor","score":0.773679256439209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/center-frequency","display_name":"Center frequency","score":0.6208752989768982},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bandwidth","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","score":0.6176137328147888},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustics","display_name":"Acoustics","score":0.6089869737625122},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transducer","display_name":"Transducer","score":0.5983555316925049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/capacitive-sensing","display_name":"Capacitive sensing","score":0.5551486015319824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.5031422972679138},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/apodization","display_name":"Apodization","score":0.4635547697544098},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.4459611773490906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.2571375370025635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.1855391561985016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.16286000609397888},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/laser","display_name":"Laser","score":0.11190423369407654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/band-pass-filter","display_name":"Band-pass filter","score":0.09828019142150879}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58772458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5034480","display_name":"Capacitive micromachined ultrasonic transducers","level":3,"score":0.8670203685760498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132794960","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27304","display_name":"Chirp","level":3,"score":0.823682963848114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81288441","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20736125","display_name":"Ultrasonic sensor","level":2,"score":0.773679256439209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C7054721","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1940572","display_name":"Center frequency","level":3,"score":0.6208752989768982},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776257435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1576430","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","level":2,"score":0.6176137328147888},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.6089869737625122},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56318395","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q215928","display_name":"Transducer","level":2,"score":0.5983555316925049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206755178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1131271","display_name":"Capacitive sensing","level":2,"score":0.5551486015319824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.5031422972679138},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51427946","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q618827","display_name":"Apodization","level":2,"score":0.4635547697544098},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.4459611773490906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.2571375370025635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.1855391561985016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.16286000609397888},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C520434653","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38867","display_name":"Laser","level":2,"score":0.11190423369407654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147788027","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2718101","display_name":"Band-pass filter","level":2,"score":0.09828019142150879},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":6,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s19040883","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s19040883","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/19/4/883/pdf?version=1550828098","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:30791619","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30791619","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:dc5207684ea84350b289b34b9d705f32","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/dc5207684ea84350b289b34b9d705f32","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 19, Iss 4, p 883 (2019)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:5431245","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://europepmc.org/pmc/articles/PMC6412236","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/19/4/883/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19040883","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:6412236","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/6412236","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s19040883","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s19040883","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/19/4/883/pdf?version=1550828098","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.6399999856948853}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2917398612.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2917398612.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":58,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W149446936","https://openalex.org/W1963817676","https://openalex.org/W1964452293","https://openalex.org/W1977337154","https://openalex.org/W2005304776","https://openalex.org/W2010052188","https://openalex.org/W2015733465","https://openalex.org/W2027083568","https://openalex.org/W2031041364","https://openalex.org/W2036103308","https://openalex.org/W2061193130","https://openalex.org/W2082832476","https://openalex.org/W2085987042","https://openalex.org/W2087197804","https://openalex.org/W2097940843","https://openalex.org/W2098480487","https://openalex.org/W2108164420","https://openalex.org/W2115183910","https://openalex.org/W2116685348","https://openalex.org/W2117773087","https://openalex.org/W2118434273","https://openalex.org/W2120740346","https://openalex.org/W2133390326","https://openalex.org/W2133697197","https://openalex.org/W2137562317","https://openalex.org/W2138364287","https://openalex.org/W2148672271","https://openalex.org/W2149543795","https://openalex.org/W2150266890","https://openalex.org/W2151771786","https://openalex.org/W2152526624","https://openalex.org/W2154877941","https://openalex.org/W2155623494","https://openalex.org/W2158576013","https://openalex.org/W2159521427","https://openalex.org/W2160743217","https://openalex.org/W2163847393","https://openalex.org/W2169202817","https://openalex.org/W2294688254","https://openalex.org/W2313574258","https://openalex.org/W2513410942","https://openalex.org/W2547784490","https://openalex.org/W2597660383","https://openalex.org/W2750819941","https://openalex.org/W2837300462","https://openalex.org/W2889420898","https://openalex.org/W2912644407","https://openalex.org/W4251346909","https://openalex.org/W6606012879","https://openalex.org/W6676032284","https://openalex.org/W6679768170","https://openalex.org/W6681871534","https://openalex.org/W6682235572","https://openalex.org/W6682469694","https://openalex.org/W6683584575","https://openalex.org/W6684267463","https://openalex.org/W6729588603","https://openalex.org/W6754372773"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2619149425","https://openalex.org/W2037148001","https://openalex.org/W2351106458","https://openalex.org/W2934747521","https://openalex.org/W2955576576","https://openalex.org/W2135637467","https://openalex.org/W1996598335","https://openalex.org/W3105762039","https://openalex.org/W2529439022","https://openalex.org/W1978086669"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"It":[0,182],"has":[1],"been":[2],"reported":[3],"that":[4,18,54,90,137,158,185],"the":[5,41,55,74,80,103,131,138,143,159,168,175,186],"frequency":[6,81,91,115,118],"bandwidth":[7,43,82],"of":[8,19,40,45,73,108,133],"capacitive":[9],"micro-machined":[10],"ultrasonic":[11,23],"transducers":[12],"(CMUTs)":[13],"is":[14,48,183],"relatively":[15],"broader":[16],"than":[17,193],"other":[20],"ceramic-based":[21],"conventional":[22],"transducers.":[24],"In":[25],"this":[26],"paper,":[27],"a":[28],"feasibility":[29],"study":[30,87],"for":[31,113,142,147],"orthogonal":[32,57,93,139],"chirp":[33],"coded":[34],"excitation":[35],"to":[36,98,129,172,179],"efficiently":[37],"make":[38],"use":[39],"wide":[42],"characteristic":[44],"CMUT":[46,64,164],"array":[47,65,165],"presented.":[49],"The":[50,85,154],"experimental":[51,86],"result":[52],"shows":[53,89],"two":[56,99],"chirps":[58,94,140],"mixed":[59],"and":[60,110,116,174],"simultaneously":[61],"fired":[62],"in":[63,70,163],"can":[66,166],"be":[67],"perfectly":[68],"separated":[69],"decoding":[71],"process":[72],"received":[75],"echo":[76],"signal":[77],"without":[78],"sacrificing":[79],"each":[83],"chirp.":[84],"also":[88,189],"band-divided":[92],"are":[95,124,145],"successfully":[96],"compressed":[97],"short":[100],"pulses":[101],"having":[102],"-6":[104],"dB":[105],"axial":[106],"beam-width":[107],"0.26-":[109],"0.31-micro":[111],"second":[112],"high":[114],"low":[117],"chirp,":[119],"respectively.":[120,181],"B-mode":[121],"image":[122,134],"simulations":[123],"performed":[125],"using":[126],"Field":[127],"II":[128],"estimate":[130],"improvement":[132],"quality":[135],"assuming":[136],"designed":[141],"experiments":[144],"used":[146,162],"simultaneous":[148],"transmission":[149],"multiple-zone":[150],"focusing":[151],"(STMF)":[152],"technique.":[153],"simulation":[155],"results":[156],"show":[157],"STMF":[160],"technique":[161],"improve":[167],"lateral":[169],"resolution":[170,177],"up":[171,178],"77.1%":[173],"contrast":[176],"74.7%,":[180],"shown":[184],"penetration":[187],"depth":[188],"increases":[190],"by":[191],"more":[192],"3":[194],"cm.":[195]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
