{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2911951257","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s19030512","title":"14.85 \u00b5W Analog Front-End for Photoplethysmography Acquisition with 142-dB\u2126 Gain and 64.2-pArms Noise","display_name":"14.85 \u00b5W Analog Front-End for Photoplethysmography Acquisition with 142-dB\u2126 Gain and 64.2-pArms Noise","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-01-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2911951257","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s19030512","mag":"2911951257","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30691150"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s19030512","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s19030512","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/19/3/512/pdf?version=1548818042","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/19/3/512/pdf?version=1548818042","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037369841","display_name":"Binghui Lin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4003-3793"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Binghui Lin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Microelectronics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China","MoE Key Lab of Artificial Intelligence, AI Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4003-3793","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Microelectronics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"MoE Key Lab of Artificial Intelligence, AI Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041785530","display_name":"Mohamed Atef","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3344-6127"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91041137","display_name":"Assiut University","ror":"https://ror.org/01jaj8n65","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91041137"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohamed Atef","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical Engineering Department, Assiut University, Assiut 71516, Egypt"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical Engineering Department, Assiut University, Assiut 71516, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91041137"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087716003","display_name":"Guoxing Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0235-1475"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Guoxing Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Microelectronics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China","MoE Key Lab of Artificial Intelligence, AI Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Microelectronics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"MoE Key Lab of Artificial Intelligence, AI Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5087716003"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2673},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2673},"fwci":0.741,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":18,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.65116622,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"19","issue":"3","first_page":"512","last_page":"512"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11196","display_name":"Non-Invasive Vital Sign Monitoring","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11196","display_name":"Non-Invasive Vital Sign Monitoring","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11700","display_name":"Hemodynamic Monitoring and Therapy","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10745","display_name":"Heart Rate Variability and Autonomic Control","score":0.9952999949455261,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/photoplethysmogram","display_name":"Photoplethysmogram","score":0.6243801116943359},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise","display_name":"Noise (video)","score":0.5515128374099731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/analog-front-end","display_name":"Analog front-end","score":0.5373576879501343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/front-and-back-ends","display_name":"Front and back ends","score":0.5266026258468628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3669583201408386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.3401884436607361},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.28297749161720276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.24967175722122192},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.0744849145412445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.04740571975708008}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116390426","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187885","display_name":"Photoplethysmogram","level":3,"score":0.6243801116943359},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.5515128374099731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778870119","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16002927","display_name":"Analog front-end","level":3,"score":0.5373576879501343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53016008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q620167","display_name":"Front and back ends","level":2,"score":0.5266026258468628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3669583201408386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.3401884436607361},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.28297749161720276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.24967175722122192},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0744849145412445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.04740571975708008},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46362747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173431","display_name":"CMOS","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":6,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s19030512","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s19030512","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/19/3/512/pdf?version=1548818042","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:30691150","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30691150","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:5b9867ee9d004eebaf645f730a7506db","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/5b9867ee9d004eebaf645f730a7506db","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 19, Iss 3, p 512 (2019)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:5385827","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://europepmc.org/pmc/articles/PMC6387274","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/19/3/512/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19030512","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:6387274","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/6387274","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s19030512","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s19030512","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/19/3/512/pdf?version=1548818042","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.7200000286102295}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6833811212","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61474074","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2911951257.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2911951257.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2025539904","https://openalex.org/W2088337958","https://openalex.org/W2101739008","https://openalex.org/W2120495964","https://openalex.org/W2139567348","https://openalex.org/W2144475623","https://openalex.org/W2170769596","https://openalex.org/W2217734809","https://openalex.org/W2289170447","https://openalex.org/W2346204517","https://openalex.org/W2524332325","https://openalex.org/W2616005552","https://openalex.org/W2756160060","https://openalex.org/W2769065907","https://openalex.org/W2808345783","https://openalex.org/W2886149027","https://openalex.org/W4299521431","https://openalex.org/W6640064581","https://openalex.org/W6680997430"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2019044074","https://openalex.org/W2744701634","https://openalex.org/W1988799405","https://openalex.org/W4391311879","https://openalex.org/W2079771749","https://openalex.org/W2146322466","https://openalex.org/W3144946090","https://openalex.org/W1974376478","https://openalex.org/W4306768468","https://openalex.org/W2040185614"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0,24,42],"low-power,":[1],"high-gain,":[2],"and":[3,16,31,71,86,107,141,152],"low-noise":[4],"analog":[5],"front-end":[6],"(AFE)":[7],"for":[8],"wearable":[9],"photoplethysmography":[10],"(PPG)":[11],"acquisition":[12],"systems":[13],"is":[14,156],"designed":[15],"fabricated":[17],"in":[18,52],"a":[19,32,48,53,67,72,98,123,130],"0.35":[20],"\u03bcm":[21],"CMOS":[22],"process.":[23],"high":[25],"transimpedance":[26],"gain":[27,76],"of":[28,36,90,126],"142":[29],"dB\u03a9":[30],"low":[33],"input-referred":[34],"noise":[35],"only":[37],"64.2":[38],"pArms":[39],"was":[40,45],"achieved.":[41],"Sub-Hz":[43],"filter":[44],"integrated":[46,143],"using":[47,129],"pseudo":[49],"resistor,":[50],"resulting":[51],"small":[54,139],"silicon":[55,154],"area.":[56],"To":[57],"mitigate":[58],"the":[59,83,88,91,108,138,149,153],"saturation":[60],"problem":[61],"caused":[62],"by":[63],"background":[64],"light":[65],"(BGL),":[66],"BGL":[68],"cancellation":[69],"loop":[70],"new":[73],"simple":[74],"automatic":[75],"control":[77],"block":[78],"are":[79],"used":[80,146],"to":[81,147,158],"enhance":[82],"dynamic":[84],"range":[85],"improve":[87],"linearity":[89],"AFE.":[92],"The":[93,120],"measurement":[94],"results":[95],"show":[96],"that":[97],"DC":[99],"photocurrent":[100],"component":[101],"up-to-10":[102],"\u03bcA":[103],"can":[104,112],"be":[105],"rejected":[106],"PPG":[109,150],"output":[110],"swing":[111],"reach":[113],"1.42":[114],"Vpp":[115],"at":[116],"THD":[117],"&lt;":[118],"1%.":[119],"chip":[121],"consumes":[122],"total":[124],"power":[125,133],"14.85":[127],"\u03bcW":[128],"single":[131],"3.3-V":[132],"supply.":[134],"In":[135],"this":[136],"work,":[137],"area":[140,155],"efficiently":[142],"blocks":[144],"were":[145],"implement":[148],"AFE":[151],"minimized":[157],"0.8":[159,162],"mm":[160],"\u00d7":[161],"mm.":[163]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-22T07:51:19.307946","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
