{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2910714315","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s19020231","title":"Automatic Extraction of Offshore Platforms in Single SAR Images Based on a Dual-Step-Modified Model","display_name":"Automatic Extraction of Offshore Platforms in Single SAR Images Based on a Dual-Step-Modified Model","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-01-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2910714315","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s19020231","mag":"2910714315","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30634519"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s19020231","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s19020231","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/19/2/231/pdf?version=1547107228","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/19/2/231/pdf?version=1547107228","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100775625","display_name":"Jing Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3574-6438"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3133134087","display_name":"Lanzhou Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/03144pv92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3133134087"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210160793","display_name":"Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research","ror":"https://ror.org/04t1cdb72","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210160793"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jing Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Geomatics, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China","Gansu Provincial Engineering Laboratory for National Geographic State Monitoring, 88 Anning Rd., Lanzhou 730070, China","State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System, Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing 100101, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Geomatics, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3133134087"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Gansu Provincial Engineering Laboratory for National Geographic State Monitoring, 88 Anning Rd., Lanzhou 730070, China","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System, Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing 100101, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210160793"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100341230","display_name":"Qi Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8665-3771"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210160793","display_name":"Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research","ror":"https://ror.org/04t1cdb72","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210160793"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qi Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System, Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing 100101, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System, Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing 100101, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210160793"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017555073","display_name":"Fenzhen Su","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4972-3595"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210160793","display_name":"Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research","ror":"https://ror.org/04t1cdb72","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210160793"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Fenzhen Su","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System, Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing 100101, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System, Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing 100101, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210160793"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5017555073"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210160793"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":1.3219,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":23,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.84148204,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"19","issue":"2","first_page":"231","last_page":"231"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12549","display_name":"Image and Object Detection Techniques","score":0.9932000041007996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12549","display_name":"Image and Object Detection Techniques","score":0.9932000041007996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11164","display_name":"Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications","score":0.9793000221252441,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12316","display_name":"Oil Spill Detection and Mitigation","score":0.9761000275611877,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2310","display_name":"Pollution"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/submarine-pipeline","display_name":"Submarine pipeline","score":0.8112190365791321},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synthetic-aperture-radar","display_name":"Synthetic aperture radar","score":0.631669282913208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hough-transform","display_name":"Hough transform","score":0.5574166774749756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/marine-engineering","display_name":"Marine engineering","score":0.5182578563690186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/constant-false-alarm-rate","display_name":"Constant false alarm rate","score":0.5014998912811279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/extraction","display_name":"Extraction (chemistry)","score":0.4926922917366028},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.47641026973724365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.45974498987197876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.3597763776779175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3448626399040222},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.2845645546913147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.24032196402549744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geotechnical-engineering","display_name":"Geotechnical engineering","score":0.11149173974990845}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162284963","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17106102","display_name":"Submarine pipeline","level":2,"score":0.8112190365791321},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87360688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q740686","display_name":"Synthetic aperture radar","level":2,"score":0.631669282913208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200518788","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q195076","display_name":"Hough transform","level":3,"score":0.5574166774749756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199104240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118291","display_name":"Marine engineering","level":1,"score":0.5182578563690186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77052588","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q644307","display_name":"Constant false alarm rate","level":2,"score":0.5014998912811279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4725764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844704","display_name":"Extraction (chemistry)","level":2,"score":0.4926922917366028},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.47641026973724365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.45974498987197876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.3597763776779175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3448626399040222},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2845645546913147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.24032196402549744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187320778","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1349130","display_name":"Geotechnical engineering","level":1,"score":0.11149173974990845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43617362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170050","display_name":"Chromatography","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":6,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s19020231","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s19020231","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/19/2/231/pdf?version=1547107228","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:30634519","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30634519","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:66c4d1a3c641442e958d682a3f68e2a2","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/66c4d1a3c641442e958d682a3f68e2a2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 19, Iss 2, p 231 (2019)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:5346478","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://europepmc.org/pmc/articles/PMC6359581","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/19/2/231/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19020231","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:6359581","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/6359581","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s19020231","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s19020231","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/19/2/231/pdf?version=1547107228","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/14","score":0.8299999833106995,"display_name":"Life below water"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1455153224","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"201806","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320325566","funder_display_name":"Lanzhou Jiaotong University"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3348239718","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"41890854","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4399532171","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"201806","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320325566","display_name":"Lanzhou Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/03144pv92"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2910714315.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2910714315.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":45,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W22745672","https://openalex.org/W1483336625","https://openalex.org/W1660342987","https://openalex.org/W1973506180","https://openalex.org/W1978507336","https://openalex.org/W1990743388","https://openalex.org/W1990881969","https://openalex.org/W1995734915","https://openalex.org/W2013203016","https://openalex.org/W2023438527","https://openalex.org/W2041454099","https://openalex.org/W2058588803","https://openalex.org/W2075678339","https://openalex.org/W2114810571","https://openalex.org/W2117100268","https://openalex.org/W2127172377","https://openalex.org/W2129038850","https://openalex.org/W2130691166","https://openalex.org/W2131237392","https://openalex.org/W2149492639","https://openalex.org/W2153148066","https://openalex.org/W2153990191","https://openalex.org/W2156650489","https://openalex.org/W2163405822","https://openalex.org/W2167220279","https://openalex.org/W2193950854","https://openalex.org/W2227525345","https://openalex.org/W2324735034","https://openalex.org/W2348943878","https://openalex.org/W2355013091","https://openalex.org/W2389890036","https://openalex.org/W2478677992","https://openalex.org/W2540568566","https://openalex.org/W2551083396","https://openalex.org/W2588622829","https://openalex.org/W2627081569","https://openalex.org/W2746258982","https://openalex.org/W2752735124","https://openalex.org/W2979691948","https://openalex.org/W3010182914","https://openalex.org/W3099344294","https://openalex.org/W3142264090","https://openalex.org/W6637152022","https://openalex.org/W6661024798","https://openalex.org/W6769405405"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2030098947","https://openalex.org/W1974777989","https://openalex.org/W2003466055","https://openalex.org/W2363834444","https://openalex.org/W2070077862","https://openalex.org/W2765199790","https://openalex.org/W2164944168","https://openalex.org/W2326760703","https://openalex.org/W262984167","https://openalex.org/W2372868647"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,168],"quantity":[1],"and":[2,16,25,58,74,129,156,184],"location":[3],"of":[4,8,38,46,189],"offshore":[5,17,52,70,92,118,139,190],"platforms":[6,71,93,191],"are":[7],"great":[9],"significance":[10],"for":[11,91],"marine":[12],"oil":[13],"spill":[14],"monitoring":[15],"oil-gas":[18],"development.":[19],"In":[20],"the":[21,36,43,51,65,104,116,122,137,152,157,163,172,180,185],"past,":[22],"multiphase":[23],"medium-":[24],"low-resolution":[26],"optical":[27],"or":[28],"radar":[29],"images":[30,97],"have":[31],"been":[32],"used":[33,113],"to":[34,49,64,114,127],"remove":[35],"interference":[37],"ship":[39,131],"targets":[40,132],"based":[41,98],"on":[42,99,206],"static":[44],"position":[45],"a":[47,100,175],"platform":[48,119,140],"extract":[50],"platform,":[53],"resulting":[54],"in":[55,67,78,94,147,151,162,179],"large":[56],"demands":[57],"high":[59],"image":[60,197,207],"data":[61,208],"costs.":[62],"According":[63],"difference":[66],"shape":[68],"between":[69],"(not":[72],"elongated)":[73],"ships":[75],"(elongated":[76],"shapes)":[77],"SAR":[79,96,196],"(synthetic":[80],"aperture":[81],"radar)":[82],"images,":[83],"this":[84],"paper":[85],"proposes":[86],"an":[87],"automatic":[88],"extraction":[89,177,186,201],"method":[90,173],"single":[95,195],"dual-step-modified":[101],"model.":[102],"First,":[103],"two-parameter":[105],"CFAR":[106],"(constant":[107],"false":[108],"alarm":[109],"rate)":[110],"algorithm":[111],"was":[112,125,141],"detect":[115,128],"possible":[117],"targets;":[120],"then,":[121],"Hough":[123],"transform":[124],"introduced":[126],"eliminate":[130],"with":[133],"linear":[134],"structures.":[135],"Finally,":[136],"final":[138],"obtained.":[142],"Experiments":[143],"were":[144],"carried":[145],"out":[146],"four":[148],"study":[149],"areas":[150],"Beibu":[153],"Gulf":[154],"basin":[155,161],"Pearl":[158],"River":[159],"estuary":[160],"northern":[164],"South":[165],"China":[166],"Sea.":[167],"results":[169],"show":[170],"that":[171],"has":[174],"good":[176],"effect":[178],"above":[181],"research":[182],"area,":[183],"accuracy":[187],"rate":[188],"is":[192],"86.75%.":[193],"A":[194],"can":[198],"obtain":[199],"satisfactory":[200],"results,":[202],"which":[203],"greatly":[204],"saves":[205],"cost.":[209]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-06-18T10:00:31.954636","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}