{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3953451","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s19010062","title":"Modified Singular Spectrum Decomposition and Its Application to Composite Fault Diagnosis of Gearboxes","display_name":"Modified Singular Spectrum Decomposition and Its Application to Composite Fault Diagnosis of Gearboxes","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-12-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3953451","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s19010062","mag":"3953451","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30586921"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s19010062","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s19010062","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/19/1/62/pdf?version=1545649312","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/19/1/62/pdf?version=1545649312","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101478619","display_name":"Junyuan Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7121-292X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135714990","display_name":"North University of China","ror":"https://ror.org/047bp1713","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135714990"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Junyuan Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Mechanical Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Mechanical Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135714990"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100655104","display_name":"Xiaofeng Han","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2872-1363"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135714990","display_name":"North University of China","ror":"https://ror.org/047bp1713","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135714990"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaofeng Han","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Mechanical Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Mechanical Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135714990"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100453835","display_name":"Zhijian Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6794-2065"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135714990","display_name":"North University of China","ror":"https://ror.org/047bp1713","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135714990"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zhijian Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Mechanical Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Mechanical Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135714990"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008823219","display_name":"Wenhua Du","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1713-2830"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135714990","display_name":"North University of China","ror":"https://ror.org/047bp1713","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135714990"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wenhua Du","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Mechanical Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Mechanical Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135714990"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020405656","display_name":"Jie Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9335-9597"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135714990","display_name":"North University of China","ror":"https://ror.org/047bp1713","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135714990"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jie Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Mechanical Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Mechanical Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135714990"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101769250","display_name":"Jiping Zhang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135714990","display_name":"North University of China","ror":"https://ror.org/047bp1713","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135714990"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiping Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Mechanical Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Mechanical Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135714990"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101480114","display_name":"Huihui He","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4236-8634"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135714990","display_name":"North University of China","ror":"https://ror.org/047bp1713","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135714990"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Huihui He","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Mechanical Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Mechanical Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135714990"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101652353","display_name":"Xiaoming Guo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4455-9020"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135714990","display_name":"North University of China","ror":"https://ror.org/047bp1713","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135714990"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaoming Guo","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Mechanical Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Mechanical Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135714990"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100453835"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135714990"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":1.4964,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":15,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.8257931,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"19","issue":"1","first_page":"62","last_page":"62"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10220","display_name":"Machine Fault Diagnosis Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10220","display_name":"Machine Fault Diagnosis Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11062","display_name":"Gear and Bearing Dynamics Analysis","score":0.9951000213623047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13891","display_name":"Engineering Diagnostics and Reliability","score":0.9887999892234802,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2211","display_name":"Mechanics of Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hilbert\u2013huang-transform","display_name":"Hilbert\u2013Huang transform","score":0.7672398686408997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/residual","display_name":"Residual","score":0.6675560474395752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise","display_name":"Noise (video)","score":0.6548910737037659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fault","display_name":"Fault (geology)","score":0.6319674253463745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mixing","display_name":"Mixing (physics)","score":0.5866320133209229},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decomposition","display_name":"Decomposition","score":0.5645069479942322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","score":0.5270048975944519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/singular-value-decomposition","display_name":"Singular value decomposition","score":0.4933699667453766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.44701847434043884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.43446996808052063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.40872058272361755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.3789489269256592},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3563891351222992},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.14500156044960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/white-noise","display_name":"White noise","score":0.12894004583358765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.12457820773124695}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25570617","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1006462","display_name":"Hilbert\u2013Huang transform","level":3,"score":0.7672398686408997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155512373","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q287450","display_name":"Residual","level":2,"score":0.6675560474395752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.6548910737037659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175551986","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47089","display_name":"Fault (geology)","level":2,"score":0.6319674253463745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138777275","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6884054","display_name":"Mixing (physics)","level":2,"score":0.5866320133209229},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124681953","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q339062","display_name":"Decomposition","level":2,"score":0.5645069479942322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779843651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7390335","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.5270048975944519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22789450","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420904","display_name":"Singular value decomposition","level":2,"score":0.4933699667453766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.44701847434043884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.43446996808052063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.40872058272361755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3789489269256592},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3563891351222992},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.14500156044960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112633086","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q381287","display_name":"White noise","level":2,"score":0.12894004583358765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.12457820773124695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165205528","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83371","display_name":"Seismology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":6,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s19010062","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s19010062","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/19/1/62/pdf?version=1545649312","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:30586921","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30586921","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:c4a9974b3e0849f5915685cc8bb1d5a0","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/c4a9974b3e0849f5915685cc8bb1d5a0","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 19, Iss 1, p 62 (2018)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:5322973","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://europepmc.org/pmc/articles/PMC6339200","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/19/1/62/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19010062","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:6339200","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/6339200","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s19010062","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s19010062","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/19/1/62/pdf?version=1545649312","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3953451.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3953451.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":36,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1963551311","https://openalex.org/W1969239144","https://openalex.org/W1973048907","https://openalex.org/W1974465402","https://openalex.org/W1976268849","https://openalex.org/W1995392412","https://openalex.org/W2007221293","https://openalex.org/W2009465763","https://openalex.org/W2010197426","https://openalex.org/W2034504337","https://openalex.org/W2036273098","https://openalex.org/W2053635956","https://openalex.org/W2054429744","https://openalex.org/W2055840317","https://openalex.org/W2075316456","https://openalex.org/W2105338212","https://openalex.org/W2120390927","https://openalex.org/W2125056386","https://openalex.org/W2137421215","https://openalex.org/W2153684670","https://openalex.org/W2189002369","https://openalex.org/W2323403147","https://openalex.org/W2346053568","https://openalex.org/W2461252481","https://openalex.org/W2463522914","https://openalex.org/W2509779719","https://openalex.org/W2521928935","https://openalex.org/W2564709795","https://openalex.org/W2581822685","https://openalex.org/W2607759661","https://openalex.org/W2624745694","https://openalex.org/W2779652379","https://openalex.org/W2807785433","https://openalex.org/W2896114995","https://openalex.org/W6641308695","https://openalex.org/W6675845381"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3014107421","https://openalex.org/W2081563414","https://openalex.org/W2363056446","https://openalex.org/W2359718298","https://openalex.org/W2377062149","https://openalex.org/W2076661204","https://openalex.org/W2380939102","https://openalex.org/W2089603224","https://openalex.org/W2329112433","https://openalex.org/W1991001811"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Under":[0],"the":[1,5,60,72,98,105,109,131,151,155,162,166,175,190,216,227],"strong":[2,52],"noise":[3,81,118,209],"environment,":[4],"composite":[6],"fault":[7,19,228,251],"signal":[8,68,133],"of":[9,62,79,107,154,192,218,230],"gearbox":[10,233],"is":[11,69,89,134,146,157,224],"weak,":[12],"which":[13,88,172],"makes":[14],"it":[15],"difficult":[16],"to":[17,54,64,96,136,161,170,188,195,213,226,265],"extract":[18,65,249],"features.":[20],"For":[21],"this":[22,220],"problem,":[23],"based":[24],"on":[25],"noise-assisted":[26],"method,":[27,222],"we":[28],"propose":[29],"a":[30,66,77,91,143],"novel":[31],"method":[32,111],"called":[33],"Modified":[34],"Singular":[35,39],"Spectrum":[36,40],"Decomposition":[37,41],"(MSSD).":[38],"(SSD)":[42],"has":[43,257],"many":[44],"advantages":[45,191],"such":[46],"as":[47,159],"high":[48],"decomposition":[49,73,99,122,199,206],"precision":[50],"and":[51,82,101,116,127,201,254,260],"ability":[53,61],"restrain":[55],"mode":[56,83,198,255],"mixing,":[57],"etc.":[58],"However,":[59],"SSD":[63,121],"weak":[67],"not":[70],"ideal,":[71],"results":[74,244],"usually":[75],"contain":[76],"lot":[78],"redundant":[80],"mixing":[84,256],"caused":[85],"by":[86],"intermittency,":[87],"also":[90],"troubling":[92],"problem.":[93],"In":[94,211],"order":[95,212],"improve":[97],"efficiency":[100],"make":[102],"up":[103],"for":[104,124],"defects":[106],"SSD,":[108],"new":[110,221],"MSSD":[112,193,247],"adds":[113],"an":[114,138,231,237],"adaptive":[115,208],"particular":[117],"in":[119,128,236],"every":[120],"stage":[123],"each":[125],"trial,":[126],"addition,":[129],"whenever":[130],"input":[132,160],"decomposed":[135],"obtain":[137],"intrinsic":[139],"module":[140],"function":[141],"(IMF),":[142],"unique":[144],"residual":[145,156,167,176],"obtained.":[147],"After":[148],"multiple":[149],"decomposition,":[150],"average":[152],"value":[153],"used":[158],"next":[163],"stage,":[164],"until":[165],"cannot":[168],"continue":[169],"decompose,":[171],"means":[173],"that":[174,246],"component":[177],"has,":[178],"at":[179],"most,":[180],"one":[181],"extreme":[182],"value.":[183],"Finally,":[184],"analyzing":[185],"simulated":[186],"signals":[187],"explain":[189],"compared":[194,264],"ensemble":[196,203],"empirical":[197],"(EEMD)":[200],"complete":[202],"local":[204],"mean":[205],"with":[207],"(CEEMDAN).":[210],"further":[214],"prove":[215],"effectiveness":[217],"MSSD,":[219,223],"applied":[225],"diagnosis":[229],"engineering":[232],"test":[234],"stand":[235],"actual":[238],"engineer":[239],"project":[240],"case.":[241],"The":[242],"final":[243],"show":[245],"can":[248],"more":[250],"feature":[252],"information,":[253],"been":[258],"improved":[259],"suffers":[261],"less":[262],"interference":[263],"SSD.":[266]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-03-20T23:20:44.827607","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
