{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2901443959","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s18113854","title":"A Portable, Wireless Photoplethysomography Sensor for Assessing Health of Arteriovenous Fistula Using Class-Weighted Support Vector Machine","display_name":"A Portable, Wireless Photoplethysomography Sensor for Assessing Health of Arteriovenous Fistula Using Class-Weighted Support Vector Machine","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-11-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2901443959","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s18113854","mag":"2901443959","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30423988"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s18113854","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s18113854","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/18/11/3854/pdf?version=1541761572","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/18/11/3854/pdf?version=1541761572","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071654078","display_name":"Paul C.-P. Chao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2835-9157"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148366613","display_name":"National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University","ror":"https://ror.org/00se2k293","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I148366613"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Paul C.-P. Chao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Electrical and Control Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2835-9157","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Electrical and Control Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148366613"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102950745","display_name":"Pei-Yu Chiang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1456-1138"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148366613","display_name":"National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University","ror":"https://ror.org/00se2k293","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I148366613"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pei-Yu Chiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Electrical and Control Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1456-1138","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Electrical and Control Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148366613"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102907427","display_name":"Yung-Hua Kao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3259-7337"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148366613","display_name":"National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University","ror":"https://ror.org/00se2k293","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I148366613"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yung-Hua Kao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Electrical and Control Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Electrical and Control Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148366613"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088982733","display_name":"Tse-Yi Tu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8911-8854"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148366613","display_name":"National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University","ror":"https://ror.org/00se2k293","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I148366613"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tse-Yi Tu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Electrical and Control Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Electrical and Control Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148366613"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033207050","display_name":"Chih\u2010Yu Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9899-3159"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2803004286","display_name":"Taipei Veterans General Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/03ymy8z76","country_code":"TW","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2803004286"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chih-Yu Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Nephrology in Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Nephrology in Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2803004286"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000870312","display_name":"Der\u2010Cherng Tarng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9017-2081"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2803004286","display_name":"Taipei Veterans General Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/03ymy8z76","country_code":"TW","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2803004286"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Der-Cherng Tarng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Nephrology in Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9017-2081","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Nephrology in Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2803004286"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111539337","display_name":"Chin\u2010Long Wey","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148366613","display_name":"National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University","ror":"https://ror.org/00se2k293","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I148366613"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chin-Long Wey","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Electrical and Control Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Electrical and Control Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148366613"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5071654078"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148366613"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":0.6686,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.68574071,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"18","issue":"11","first_page":"3854","last_page":"3854"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11196","display_name":"Non-Invasive Vital Sign Monitoring","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11196","display_name":"Non-Invasive Vital Sign Monitoring","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11700","display_name":"Hemodynamic Monitoring and Therapy","score":0.9976999759674072,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10429","display_name":"EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces","score":0.9921000003814697,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/support-vector-machine","display_name":"Support vector machine","score":0.7524474859237671},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4916864037513733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4631935954093933}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.7524474859237671},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4916864037513733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4631935954093933}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001164","descriptor_name":"Arteriovenous Fistula","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001164","descriptor_name":"Arteriovenous Fistula","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001164","descriptor_name":"Arteriovenous Fistula","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006761","descriptor_name":"Hospitals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006761","descriptor_name":"Hospitals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006761","descriptor_name":"Hospitals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012815","descriptor_name":"Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012815","descriptor_name":"Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012815","descriptor_name":"Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014463","descriptor_name":"Ultrasonography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014463","descriptor_name":"Ultrasonography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014463","descriptor_name":"Ultrasonography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015374","descriptor_name":"Biosensing Techniques","qualifier_ui":"Q000295","qualifier_name":"instrumentation","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015374","descriptor_name":"Biosensing Techniques","qualifier_ui":"Q000295","qualifier_name":"instrumentation","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015374","descriptor_name":"Biosensing Techniques","qualifier_ui":"Q000295","qualifier_name":"instrumentation","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017063","descriptor_name":"Outcome Assessment, Health Care","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017063","descriptor_name":"Outcome Assessment, Health Care","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017063","descriptor_name":"Outcome Assessment, Health Care","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017156","descriptor_name":"Photoplethysmography","qualifier_ui":"Q000295","qualifier_name":"instrumentation","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017156","descriptor_name":"Photoplethysmography","qualifier_ui":"Q000295","qualifier_name":"instrumentation","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017156","descriptor_name":"Photoplethysmography","qualifier_ui":"Q000295","qualifier_name":"instrumentation","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D059015","descriptor_name":"Wireless Technology","qualifier_ui":"Q000295","qualifier_name":"instrumentation","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D059015","descriptor_name":"Wireless Technology","qualifier_ui":"Q000295","qualifier_name":"instrumentation","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D059015","descriptor_name":"Wireless Technology","qualifier_ui":"Q000295","qualifier_name":"instrumentation","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D059629","descriptor_name":"Signal-To-Noise Ratio","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D059629","descriptor_name":"Signal-To-Noise Ratio","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D059629","descriptor_name":"Signal-To-Noise Ratio","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D060388","descriptor_name":"Support Vector Machine","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D060388","descriptor_name":"Support Vector Machine","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D060388","descriptor_name":"Support Vector Machine","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":6,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s18113854","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s18113854","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/18/11/3854/pdf?version=1541761572","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:30423988","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30423988","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:4911e79b0a204907b3617026bf2763fc","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/4911e79b0a204907b3617026bf2763fc","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 18, Iss 11, p 3854 (2018)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:5257635","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://europepmc.org/pmc/articles/PMC6263509","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/18/11/3854/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s18113854","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:6263509","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/6263509","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s18113854","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s18113854","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/18/11/3854/pdf?version=1541761572","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5199999809265137,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1192399272","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"MOST 106-","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322795","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G27277483","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"MOST 107-2218-E-009-006","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322795","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4162621379","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"MOST 107","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322795","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4202958531","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"MOST 107-","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322795","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4522846458","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"MOST 107-2221-E-009-166-MY2","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322795","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4716763149","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"MOST107-3017-F009-003","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322795","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5116424007","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"MOST 106-2634-F-009-001-CC2","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322795","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6031904875","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"MOST 106-2633-B-009-001","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322795","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6146092993","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"107-2218-E-009-006","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322795","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6321079728","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"MOST107-","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322795","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8516524781","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"106-2633-B-009-001","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322795","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8667093946","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"107-2633-B-009-003","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322795","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G894870242","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"MOST 107-2633-B-009-003","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322795","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G939887807","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"MOST 106","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322795","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321528","display_name":"Shanghai Educational Development Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322724","display_name":"Ministry of Education, India","ror":"https://ror.org/048xjjh50"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322795","display_name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan","ror":"https://ror.org/02kv4zf79"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323443","display_name":"National Chiao Tung University","ror":"https://ror.org/00se2k293"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2901443959.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2901443959.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":47,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1481187487","https://openalex.org/W1551909886","https://openalex.org/W1761802751","https://openalex.org/W1910786341","https://openalex.org/W1988320258","https://openalex.org/W1999993087","https://openalex.org/W2005741801","https://openalex.org/W2024504947","https://openalex.org/W2027130144","https://openalex.org/W2029410598","https://openalex.org/W2086659790","https://openalex.org/W2087851757","https://openalex.org/W2088141319","https://openalex.org/W2095899212","https://openalex.org/W2109125512","https://openalex.org/W2116988824","https://openalex.org/W2148046210","https://openalex.org/W2150100270","https://openalex.org/W2217734809","https://openalex.org/W2246190105","https://openalex.org/W2261982013","https://openalex.org/W2329269035","https://openalex.org/W2330638273","https://openalex.org/W2341449544","https://openalex.org/W2367309718","https://openalex.org/W2398151908","https://openalex.org/W2505159341","https://openalex.org/W2533410499","https://openalex.org/W2537100594","https://openalex.org/W2538635319","https://openalex.org/W2542704563","https://openalex.org/W2547409263","https://openalex.org/W2551912285","https://openalex.org/W2592075940","https://openalex.org/W2600298925","https://openalex.org/W2612353834","https://openalex.org/W2739366505","https://openalex.org/W2769297136","https://openalex.org/W2789266708","https://openalex.org/W2793553407","https://openalex.org/W2797820780","https://openalex.org/W2884311850","https://openalex.org/W2886149027","https://openalex.org/W4210654088","https://openalex.org/W6633119224","https://openalex.org/W6672372955","https://openalex.org/W6729462688"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2001405890","https://openalex.org/W2090763504","https://openalex.org/W2382290278","https://openalex.org/W2350741829","https://openalex.org/W2530322880","https://openalex.org/W1596801655"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"portable,":[1],"wireless":[2],"photoplethysomography":[3],"(PPG)":[4],"sensor":[5],"for":[6,57,83,164],"assessing":[7,187],"arteriovenous":[8],"fistula":[9],"(AVF)":[10],"by":[11,29,66,116],"using":[12],"class-weighted":[13,145],"support":[14],"vector":[15],"machines":[16],"(SVM)":[17],"was":[18],"presented":[19],"in":[20,24,186],"this":[21,41],"study.":[22],"Nowadays,":[23],"hospital,":[25],"AVF":[26,58,155,190],"are":[27,34],"assessed":[28],"ultrasound":[30],"Doppler":[31],"machines,":[32],"which":[33],"bulky,":[35],"expensive,":[36],"complicated-to-operate,":[37],"and":[38,48,54,72,121,139,166,191],"time-consuming.":[39],"In":[40,87],"study,":[42],"new":[43],"PPG":[44,98,178],"sensors":[45,179],"were":[46,81,104,134,160],"proposed":[47,135,177],"developed":[49],"successfully":[50,180],"to":[51,91,106,137,153,162],"provide":[52],"portable":[53],"inexpensive":[55],"solutions":[56],"assessments.":[59],"To":[60],"develop":[61],"the":[62,68,73,84,88,93,100,109,118,122,144,176],"sensor,":[63],"at":[64],"first,":[65],"combining":[67],"dimensionless":[69],"number":[70],"analysis":[71],"optical":[74],"Beer":[75],"Lambert's":[76],"law,":[77],"five":[78,149],"input":[79],"features":[80],"derived":[82],"SVM":[85,146],"classifier.":[86],"next":[89,136],"step,":[90],"increase":[92],"signal-noise":[94],"ratio":[95],"(SNR)":[96],"of":[97,112,125,184,189,197],"signals,":[99],"front-end":[101],"readout":[102],"circuitries":[103,119],"designed":[105],"fully":[107],"use":[108],"dynamic":[110],"range":[111],"analog-digital":[113],"converter":[114],"(ADC)":[115],"controlling":[117],"gain":[120],"light":[123,126],"intensity":[124],"emitted":[127],"diode":[128],"(LED).":[129],"Digital":[130],"signal":[131,141],"processing":[132],"algorithms":[133],"check":[138],"fix":[140],"anomalies.":[142],"Finally,":[143],"classifiers":[147],"employed":[148],"different":[150],"kernel":[151],"functions":[152],"assess":[154],"quality.":[156],"The":[157,171],"assessment":[158],"results":[159,173],"provided":[161],"doctors":[163],"diagonosis":[165],"detemining":[167],"ensuing":[168],"proper":[169],"treatments.":[170],"experimental":[172],"showed":[174],"that":[175],"achieved":[181],"an":[182],"accuracy":[183],"89.11%":[185],"health":[188],"with":[192],"a":[193],"type":[194],"II":[195],"error":[196],"only":[198],"9.59%.":[199]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-05-06T08:25:59.206177","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
